考研英语一真题答案解析.docx

考研英语一真题答案解析.docx

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考研英语一真题答案解析

2005年考研英语真题原文及参考答案完整版 

SectionIUseofEnglish

　　Directions:

　　Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1（10points）

　　Thehumannoseisanunderratedtool.Humansareoftenthoughttobeinsensitivesmellerscomparedwithanimals,

（1）thisislargelybecause,

（2）animals,westandupright.Thismeansthatournosesare（3）toperceivingthosesmellswhichfloatthroughtheair,（4）themajorityofsmellswhichsticktosurfaces.Infact,（5）,weareextremelysensitivetosmells,（6）wedonotgenerallyrealizeit.Ournosesarecapableof（7）humansmellsevenwhentheseare（8）tofarbelowonepartinonemillion.

　　Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnotanother,（9）othersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers.Thismaybebecausesomepeopledonothavethegenesnecessarytogenerate（10）smellreceptorsinthenose.Thesereceptorsarethecellswhichsensesmellsandsend（11）tothebrain.However,ithasbeenfoundthatevenpeopleinsensitivetoacertainsmell（12）cansuddenlybecomesensitivetoitwhen（13）toitoftenenough.

　　Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatthebrainfindsit（14）tokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetimebutcan（15）newreceptorsifnecessary.Thismay（16）explainwhywearenotusuallysensitivetoourownsmells—wesimplydonotneedtobe.Wearenot（17）oftheusualsmellofourownhouse,butwe（18）newsmellswhenwevisitsomeoneelse’s.Thebrainfindsitbesttokeepsmellreceptors（19）forunfamiliarandemergencysignals（20）thesmellofsmoke,whichmightindicatethedangeroffire.

　　1.[A]although[B]as[C]but[D]while

　　2.[A]above[B]unlike[C]excluding[D]besides

　　3.[A]limited[B]committed[C]dedicated[D]confined

　　4.[A]catching[B]ignoring[C]missing[D]tracking

　　5.[A]anyway[B]though[C]instead[D]therefore

　　6.[A]evenif[B]ifonly[C]onlyif[D]asif

　　7.[A]distinguishing[B]discovering[C]determining[D]detecting

　　8.[A]diluted[B]dissolved[C]dispersed[D]diffused

　　9.[A]when[B]since[C]for[D]whereas

　　10.[A]unusual[B]particular[C]unique[D]typical

　　11.[A]signs[B]stimuli[C]messages[D]impulses

　　12.[A]atfirst[B]atall[C]atlarge[D]attimes

　　13.[A]subjected[B]left[C]drawn[D]exposed

　　14.[A]ineffective[B]incompetent[C]inefficient[D]insufficient

　　15.[A]introduce[B]summon[C]trigger[D]create

　　16.[A]still[B]also[C]otherwise[D]nevertheless

　　17.[A]sure[B]sick[C]aware[D]tired

　　18.[A]tolerate[B]repel[C]neglect[D]notice

　　19.[A]available[B]reliable[C]identifiable[D]suitable

　　20.[A]similarto[B]suchas[C]alongwith[D]asidefrom

PartA

　　Directions:

　　Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]orD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1（40points）

　　Text1

　　Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged.Suchbehaviourisregardedas“alltoohuman,”withtheunderlyingassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance.ButastudybySarahBrosnanandFransdeWaalofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature,suggeststhatitisalltoomonkey,aswell.

　　Theresearchersstudiedthebehaviouroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodreadily.Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales.

　　SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan’sandDr.deWaal’sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviourbecamemarkedlydifferent.

　　Intheworldofcapuchins,grapesareluxurygoods（andmuchpreferabletocucumbers）.Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken,thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithertossedherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceofcucumber.Indeed,themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherchamber（withoutanactualmonkeytoeatit）wasenoughtoinduceresentmentinafemalecapuchin.

　　Theresearcherssuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys,likehumans,areguid