王蔷教案资料教法学习知识重点单元性归纳.docx

王蔷教案资料教法学习知识重点单元性归纳.docx

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王蔷教案资料教法学习知识重点单元性归纳

Unit1

Knowledge:

sththatcanbelearned

Skills:

sththatonlycanbegainedthroughpracticeortraining,

Languageskills:

listening,speaking,readingandwriting

Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication。

Viewsonlanguage：

1、Structuralview（languagecompetence）

—Thefounder：

Saussure

—Thestructuralviewoflanguageseeslanguageasalinguisticsystemmadeupofvarioussubsystems：

1、thesoundsystem（phonology）2、soundcombinations（morphology）3、meaningforcommunication（syntax）

—Learningthelanguageistolearnthestructuralitems，studytheinnerstructureandruleoflanguage，ignorethesocialfunctionsofthelanguage。

2、Functionalview

—Representative：

Johnson、marrow、swaincanal（thecore:

grammar）

—Thefunctionviewnotonlyseeslanguageasalinguisticsystembutalsoameansfordoingthings

—Learnerslearnalanguageinordertobeabletodoingthingswithit

Usethelinguisticstructuretoexpressfunctions

3、Interactionalview（communicativecompetence）

—Emphasis：

appropriateness

—Languageisacommunicativetool，whichmainuseistobuildupandmaintainsocialrelationsbetweenpeople

—Learnersneedtoknowtherulesforusingthelanguageincertaincontext

—Thestructuralviewlimitsknowingalanguagetoknowingitsstructuralrulesandvocabulary

Languageteacherqualifications：

1、agoodcommandofspokenandwrittenlanguage

2、formulatetheorypresupposition

3、languagebackgroundandexperience

4、knowhowlanguagesarelearnt

5、theabilitytousemethodsinvarioussituations

6、deepunderstandingofculturalbackground

7、understandingtheprinciplesofteaching

Theseelementscanbecategorizedintothreegroups：

ethicdevotion，professionalqualitiesandpersonalstyles

Viewonlanguagelearning

1.Psycholinguistic:

therelationshipbetweenlanguageandthinking.

1）Thinkinginlanguage

2）Languageisnecessaryforthought.

3）Languageacquisition（语言习得）

4）Learnersintheirearlieryearsacquirecontroloveressentialstructureoftheirlanguagewithoutspecialteachingandlearninginaeffortlessandalmostanunconsciousway（liketheformationofahabit）peoplepreferfirstlanguageacquisitiontofirstlanguagelearning.

2.Cognitivetheory:

theruleforpeopletoawaretocognizesth.

Cognitiveprocesses:

Process:

input----absorb----output

Languagelearningisnotjuststimulate-reflection,buttheusingofoursubjectivecapabilities,theusingofourcognitiveabilitytothinkthelanguageandstudyingitactively.

3.Constructivisttheory:

learningisaprocessofmeaningconstructionbasedonlearner’sownknowledgeandexperience.

S----------AT------------R

（刺激）（反应）

Stimulus:

assimilation①andaccommodation②

1把外部知识纳入自身

2纳入自身后也不相符，就要对原有知识进行改变，也就是一种原有知道和外部知识保持联系的创新的过程。

Unit2

1.CLT（交际英语教学）:

itisanapproachthatconsidersthefunctionalandsocialfactorsinlanguage,emphasizesthattheaimoflanguageteachingistohelpthelearnersacquirecommunicativeability.Itoffersaneffectivewaytolearnlanguagethroughlanguageuse.

Thebasis:

thetheoryofsociologyandsociolinguistic.

2.Languagehastwofunctions:

A.thetransactionalfunction→toexpressthecontextB.theinteractional（相互影响的）function→toshowsocialrelationsandpersonalattitude

Languageisusedtoperformcertaincommunicationfunctions;useallskills:

A.Receptiveskill:

listeningandreadingB.Productiveskill:

speakingandwriting;usedinacertainsocialcontext:

teachthepartoflanguageinrealliferatherthanallthelanguagestudentsdevelopallthelanguageskills.

3.Traditionalpedagogy（传统教学法）:

focusontheformsoflanguage.

4.TraditionalclassVS.CLT

Listening:

totheteacher,tothetape→sth.unpredictable,sth.authentic,sth.meaningful

Reading:

learninglanguage→getinformation,exactmeaning,differentskills

Speaking:

repeating,answering,retelling→sth.creating,expressoneself

Writing:

composition,translation→writetoexpressoneself,one’sfeeling,one’sthought;writewhatpeoplewriteinthewaypeoplewrite.

5.LinguisticCompetence（=languagecom.）

Chomsky:

tacitknowledgeoflanguagestructuresandtheabilitytousetheknowledgetounderstandandproducelanguage.

6.CommunicativeCompetence

Bothknowledgeaboutthelanguageandtheknowledgeabouthowtousethelanguageincommunicativesituationappropriately.

7.FeaturesofCLT:

1.focusondevelopingcommunicativecompetence

2.Focusonusefulandnecessarylanguage

3.Payattentiontothecommunicativetask

4.Placeimportanceonstudents'beingfluent

5.Encouragestudentstotakepartinactivities

6.Understandthestudentsareofdifferentstand

7.AwarethatthereisnotjustonekindofEnglish

8.MeritsofCLT:

1.likelytogivethestudentsallskills

2.Morerelevant

3.Lesswasteoftimeandeffort

9.DemeritofCLT:

1.makegreatdemandsup