Unit1FamousUniversities课文翻译大学体验英语二.docx

Unit1FamousUniversities课文翻译大学体验英语二.docx

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Unit1FamousUniversities课文翻译大学体验英语二

Unit1FamousUniversities课文翻译大学

体验英语二

Unit1FamousUniversities

PassageAOxfordUniversity

OxfordUniversityistheoldestuniversityinBritainandoneoftheworld'smostfamousinstitutionsofhigherlearning.OxfordUniversitywasestablishedduringthe1100's.ItislocatedinOxford,England,about80kilometersnorthwestofLondon.

Theuniversityhasover16,300students（1999-20XX年）,almostaquarterofthesestudentsarefromoverseasandmorethan130nationalitiesarerepresented.Itconsistsof35colleges,plusfiveprivatehallsestablishedbyvariousreligiousgroups.Threeofthefiveprivatehallsareformenonly.Ofthecolleges,

St.Hilda'sandSomervilleareforwomen,andtherestareformenandwomen.

AtOxford,eachcollegeisacorporatebodydistinctfromtheuniversityandisgovernedbyitsownheadandfellows.Mostfellowsarecollegeinstructorscalledtutors,andtherestareuniversityprofessorsandlecturers.Eachcollegemanagesitsown

buildingsandproperty,electsitsownfellows,andselectsandadmitsitsownundergraduatestudents.Theuniversityprovidessomelibraries,laboratories,andotherfacilities,butthecollegestakeprimaryresponsibilityfortheteachingandwell-beingoftheirstudents.

EachstudentatOxfordisassignedtoatutor,whosupervisesthestudent'sprogramofstudy,primarilythroughtutorials.Tutorialsareweeklymeetingsofoneortwostudentswiththeirtutor.Studentsmayseeothertutorsforspecializedinstruction.Theymayalsoattendlecturesgivenbyuniversityteachers.Studentschoosewhichlecturestoattendonthebasisoftheirownspecialinterestsandontheadviceoftheirtutors.

Theuniversity,nottheindividualcolleges,grantsdegrees.ThefirstdegreeintheartsorsciencesistheBachelorofArtswithhonors.Oxfordalsograntshigherdegrees,diplomas,andcertificatesinawidevarietyofsubjects.

TheRhodesscholarshipprogramenablesstudentsfromtheUnitedStates,Canada,andmanyothernationstostudyatOxfordforaminimumoftwoyears.TheBritishgovernmentgrantsMarshallscholarshipstocitizensoftheUnitedStatesforstudyatOxfordandotheruniversitiesthatarelocatedinBritain.

Thecompetitionforscholarshipsandgrantsis,however,extremelystrongandthereareusuallystrictrequirements.Studentsshouldcheckcarefullythattheyareeligibletoapplyfor

aparticularscholarshipbeforemakinganapplicationasmostoftheschemesarerestrictedtocertainnationalitiesand/orprograms.

ThestudentsandstaffatOxfordareactivelyinvolvedinover55initiatives（20XX年）,includingvisitstomorethan3,700schoolsandcolleges,toencouragethebrightestand

beststudentstoapplytoOxford,whatevertheirbackground.TheuniversityhasbeennamedtheUK'smostinnovative

universityintheLaunchit20XX年competition,whichaimedtodiscoverwhichBritishuniversityhasdemonstratedthegreatestachievementsininnovationandenterpriseacrossthebroadestrangeofactivity.InthenationalTeachingQualityAssessment

exercisesfor20XX年,Oxfordwasawardedtopmarksinsixoutoftensubjectsassessed.

Oxford,StanfordandYaleUniversitieshaverecentlybecomepartnersinajoint'distancelearning'venture,theAllianceforLifelongLearning,whichwillprovideonlinecoursesintheartsandsciences.

ThemissionofOxfordistoaimatachievingandmaintainingexcellenceineveryareaofitsteachingandresearch,maintaininganddevelopingitshistoricalpositionasaworld-classuniversity,andenrichingtheinternational,national,andregionalcommunitiesthroughthefruitsofitsresearchandtheskillsofitsgraduates.

Insupportofthisaimtheuniversitywillprovidethefacilitiesandsupportforitsstafftopursueinnovativeresearchbyrespondingtodevelopmentsintheintellectualenvironmentandsocietyatlarge;andpromotechallengingandrigorousteachingwhichbenefitsfromafruitfulinteractionwiththeresearchenvironment,facilitatingtheexchangeofideasthroughtutorialsandsmall-grouplearningandexploitingtheUniversity'sresourcesinitslibraries,museums,andscientificcollections,toequipitsgraduatestoplaytheirpartatanationalandinternationallevel.

PA牛津大学

牛津大学是英国最古老的大学，也是世界最有名的高等学府。

牛津大学始建于12世纪。

它位于英格兰的牛津，在伦敦西北约

80公里处。

牛津大学有16,300多名学生（1999－20XX年），此中留学

生占快要四分之一。

他们来自130多个国家。

牛津大学有35个学院，还有5个由不一样宗教集体成立的个人学院。

5个个人学院中，有3个只招男生。

学院中，圣希尔达和萨默维尔学院只收女生，其余均为男女兼收。

牛津的每个学院都是独立于大学的实体，由该学院的院长和管委会成员负责管理。

部分管委会成员都称为导师的学院教师，

其余的是大学教授和讲课老师。

每个学院管理自己的房产和财产，遴选自己的管委会，选择和招收自己的本科生。

大学供给某些图书室、实验室和其余设备，但教课和学生生活主要由各学院负责。

牛津大学给每个学生指定一个导师，他主要经过指导课监察学生的学习。

导师每周和1到2名学生会面一次，学生如需专业指导，还能够去约见其余的导师，也可选听大学老师讲解的课程。

学生选听什么课程是依据自己的兴趣和导师的建议而定的。

学位由大学授与，而不是各个学院。

最低文科或理科学位是优等文学学士。

牛津还在其余众多学科领域授与最高的学位，颁发文凭和证书。

罗兹德奖