古典文学翻译范例之三 聊斋志异.pptx

古典文学翻译范例之三 聊斋志异.pptx

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古典文学翻译范例之三:

聊斋志异StrangeStoriesfromAChineseStudio（Excerpt）TranslatedbyHerbertA.GilesSelectedTalesofLiaoZhai（Excerpt）TranslatedbyYangHsienyiandGladysYang【概述】聊斋志异是一部文言志怪小说，成书于17世纪文言小说衰败之际，而立于不败之地，得益于其深刻的社会意义、鲜明的艺术形象、凝练优美的语言以及“花鬼狐妖”的内容。

蒲松龄通过对虚幻世界的描写，抒发自己对美丽、真诚的向往，对丑恶、虚伪的鞭挞，“鬼也不是鬼，怪也不是怪，牛鬼蛇神倒比正人君子更可爱。

笑中也有泪，乐中也有哀，几分欢乐，几分悲哀，几分玩笑，几分感慨！

（电视连续剧聊斋主题曲）”科举失利的他藏在狐仙鬼妹的背后发出对现实世界尔虞我诈、重利轻情的批判与嘲弄。

蒲松龄的语言既典雅、高贵又活泼、生动，抒情气息极浓，给外译工作形成美丽诱人的障碍。

知难而进者有三，其中著名汉学家、翻译家HerbertA.Giles的版本StrangeTalesfromaChineseStudio（简称盖译）和杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇的SelectedTalesfromLiaoZhai影响较大。

聊斋志异（节选）蒲松龄罗刹海市StrangeStoriesfromAChineseStudio（Excerpt）TranslatedbyHerbertA.GilesTHELO-CHACOUNTRYANDTHESEAMARKETSelectedTalesofLiaoZhai（Excerpt）TranslatedbyYangHsienyiandGladysYangTheRakshasandtheSeaMarket马骥，字龙媒，贾人子。

美丰姿。

少倜傥，喜歌舞。

辄从梨园子弟，以锦帕缠头，美如好女，因复有“俊人”之号。

盖译:

Onceuponatimetherewasayoungman,namedMaChun,whowasalsoknownasLung-mei.Hewasthesonofatrader,andayouthofsurpassingbeauty.Hismannerswerecourteous,andhelovednothingbetterthansingingandplaying.Heusedtoassociatewithactors,andwithanembroideredhandkerchiefroundhisheadtheeffectwasthatofabeautifulwoman.HencebeacquiredthesobriquetoftheBeauty.杨译:

MaJi,whoseothernamewasLongmei,wasthesonofamerchant.Ahandsome,unconventionallad,helovedsinginganddancing;andhishabitofmixingwithactorsandwearingasilkhandkerchiefonhisheadmadehimlookasbeautifulasagirlandwonhimthenicknameHandsome.十四岁，入郡庠，即知名。

父衰老，罢贾而居。

谓生曰：

“数卷书，饥不可煮，寒不可衣。

吾儿可仍继父贾。

”马由是稍稍权子母。

盖译:

Atfourteenyearsofagehegraduatedandbegantomakeanameforhimself;buthisfather,whowasgrowingoldandwishedtoretirefrombusiness,saidtohim,“Myboy,book-learningwillneverfillyourbellyorputacoatonyourback;youhadbettersticktotheoldthing.”Accordingly,Mafromthattimeoccupiedhimselfwithscalesandweights,withprincipalandinterest,andsuchmatters.杨译:

Attheageoffourteenheenteredtheprefecturalschool,wherehewaswinningquiteanameforhimselfwhenhisfather,growingold,decidedtoretire.“Son,”saidtheoldman,“bookscannotfillyourbellyorputacoatonyourback.Youhadbetterfollowyourfatherstrade.”Ma,accordingly,turnedhishandtobusiness.从人浮海，为飓风引去，数昼夜至一都会。

其人皆奇丑；见马至，以为妖，群哗而走。

盖译:

Hemadeavoyageacrossthesea,andwascarriedawaybyatyphoon.Afterbeingtossedaboutformanydaysandnightshearrivedatacountrywherethepeoplewerehideouslyugly.WhenthesepeoplesawMatheythoughthewasadevil,andallranscreechingaway.杨译:

Whileonaseavoyagewithothertraders,Mawascarriedoffbyatyphoon.Afterseveraldaysandnightshereachedacitywherealltheinhabitantswereappallinglyugly;yetatthesightofhimtheyexclaimedinhorrorandfledasifhewereamonster.马初见其状，大惧；迨知国中之骇己也，遂反以此欺国人。

遇饮食者，则奔而往；人惊遁，则啜其余。

盖译:

Mawassomewhatalarmedatthis,butfindingthatitwastheywhowerefrightenedathim,hequicklyturnedtheirfeartohisownadvantage.Ifhecameacrosspeopleeatinganddrinkinghewouldrushuponthem,andwhentheyfledawayforfear,hewouldregalehimselfuponwhattheyhadleft.杨译:

AtfirstMawasalarmedbytheirhideouslooks;butassoonashediscoveredthattheywereevenmoreafraidofhim,hemadethemostoftheirfear.Whereverhefoundthemeatingordrinkinghewouldrushuponthem,andwhentheyscatteredinalarmhewouldregalehimselfuponalltheyleft.久之，入山村。

其间形貌亦有似人者，然褴褛如丐。

马息树下，村人不敢前，但遥望之.By-and-byhewenttoavillageamongthehills,andtherethepeoplehadatanyratesomefacialresemblancetoordinarymen.Buttheywereallinragsandtatterslikebeggars.SoMasatdowntorestunderatree,andthevillagers,notdaringtocomenearhim,contendedthemselveswithlookingathimfromadistance.Later,Mamadehiswaytoamountainvillagewherethepeopleshowedmoreresemblancetohumanbeings.Buttheywerearagged,beggarlylot.Asherestedunderatree,thevillagersgazedathimfromadistance,notdaringtoapproach;久之，觉马非噬人者，始稍稍近就之。

马笑与语。

其言虽异，亦半可解。

马遂自陈所自。

村人喜，遍告乡里，客非能博噬者。

Theysoonfound,however,thathedidnotwanttoeatthem,andbydegreesapproachedlittleclosertohim.Ma,smiling,begantotalk;andalthoughtheirlanguagewasdifferent,yethewasabletomakehimselftolerablyintelligible,andtoldthemwhencehehadcome.Thevillagersweremuchpleased,andspreadthenewsthatthestrangerwasnotaman-eater.butrealizingaftersometimethathewouldnoteatthem,theybegantodrawnearer,andMaaddressedthemwithasmile.Althoughtheyspokedifferenttongues,eachsidecouldunderstandsomethingofwhattheothersaid.AndwhenMatoldthemthathecamefromChina,thevillagerswerepleasedandspreadthenewsthatthisstrangerwasnotacannibalafterall.然奇丑者望望然而去，终不敢前；其来者，口鼻位置，尚皆与中国同。

共罗浆酒奉马。

马问其相骇之故，Nevertheless,theveryugliestofallwouldonlytakealookandbeoffagain.;theywouldnotcomenearhim.Thosewhodidgouptohimwerenotverymuchunlikehisowncountrymen,theChinese.Theybroughthimplentyoffoodandwine.Maaskedthemwhattheywereafraidof.Theugliestofthem,however,wouldturnawayafteronelookatMa,notdaringtodrawnear.ThosewhodidgouptohimhadfeaturesnotentirelydifferentfromtheChinese;andastheybroughthimfoodandwineMaaskedwhytheyweresoafraidofhim.答曰：

“尝闻祖父言：

西去二万六千里，有中国，其人民形象率诡异。

但耳食之，今始信。

”Theyreplied:

“Wehadheardfromourforefathersthat26,000litothewestthereisacountrycalledChina.Wehadheardthatthepeopleofthatlandwerethemostextraordinaryinappearanceyoucanpossiblyimagine.Hithertoithasbeenhearsay;wecannowbelieveit.”“Weweretoldbyourforefathers,”theyanswered,“thatnearlyninethousandmilestoourwestisacountrycalledChinainhabitedbythemostextraordinarylookingrace.Weknewthisbyhearsayonlybefore;butyouhaveprovidedproofofit.”问其何贫。

曰：

“我国所重，不在文意，而在形貌。

其美之极者，为上卿；次任民社；下焉者，亦邀贵人宠，故得鼎烹以养妻子。

若我辈初生时，父母皆以为不祥，往往置弃之；其不忍遽弃者，皆为宗嗣耳。

”Hethenaskedthemhowitwastheyweresopoor.Theyanswered,“Yousee,inourcountryeverythingdepends,notonliterarytalent,notonbeauty.Themostbeautifularemadeministersofstates;thenexthandsomestaremadejudgesandmagistrates;andthethirdclassinlooksareemployedinthepalaceoftheking.Thustheseareenabledoutoftheirpaytoprovidefortheirwivesandfamilies.Butwe,fromourverybirth,areregardedbyourparentsasinauspicious,andarelefttoperish,someofusbeingoccasionallypreservedbymorehumaneparentstopreventtheextinctionofthefamily.”Askedthereasonfortheirpoverty,theyreplied:

“Inourcountrywevaluebeauty,notliteraryaccomplishments.Ourmosthandsomemenareappointedministers,thosecomingnextaremadegovernorsandmagistrates,whilethethirdclasshavenoblepatronsandreceivehandsomepensionsforthesupportoftheirfamilies.Butweareconsideredasfreaksatbirth,andourparentsnearlyalwaysabandonus,onlykeepingusinordertocontinuethefamilyline.”问：

“此名何国？

”曰：

“大罗刹国。

都城在北去三十里。

”马请导往一观。

于是鸡鸣而兴，引与俱去。

天明，始达都。

Maaskedthenameoftheircountry,andtheytoldhimitwasLo-cha.Alsothatthecapitalcitywassome30litothenorth.Hebeggedthemtotakehimthere,andnextdayatcock-crowhestartedthitherwardsintheircompany,arrivingjustaboutdawn.WhenMarequiredthenameoftheircountry,theytoldhimthatitwasTheGreatKingdomofRakahas,andthattheircapitallayabouttenmilestothenorth.AnduponMasexpressingadesiretobeconductedthere,theysetoffwithhimthenextdayatcock-crowandreachedthecityatdawn.都以黑石为墙，色如墨，楼阁近百尺。

然少瓦，覆以红石；拾其残块磨甲上，无异丹砂。

时值退朝，朝中有冠盖出，村人指曰：

“此相国也。

”Thewallsofthecityweremadeofblackstone,asblackasink,andthecitygate-houseswereabout100feethigh.Redstoneswereusedfortiles,andpickingupabrokenpieceMafoundthatitmarkedhisfinger-naillikevermillion.TheyarrivedjustwhentheCourtwasrising,andsawalltheequipagesoftheofficials.ThevillagepeoplepointedoutonewhotheysaidwasPrimeMinister.Thecitywallsweremadeofstoneasblackasink,withtowersandpavilionsahundredfeethigh.Redstoneswereusedfortiles,andpickingupafragmentofoneMafoundthatitmarkedhisfinger-nailjustlikevermilion.Theyarrivedasthecourtwasrising,intimetoseetheofficialequipages.Thevillagerspointedouttheprimeminister,视之，双耳皆背生，鼻三孔，睫毛覆目如帘。

又数骑出，曰：

“此大夫也。

”以次各指其官职，率鬇鬡怪异；然位渐卑，丑亦渐杀。

Hisearsdroopedforwardinflaps;hehadthreenostrils,andhiseye-lasheswerejustlikebambooscreenshanginginfrontofhiseyes.Theyseveralcameoutonhorseback,andtheysaidtheseweretheprivycouncillors.Sotheywenton,tellinghimtherankofalltheuglyuncouthfellowshesaw.Thelowertheygotdownintheofficialscalethelesshideoustheofficialswere.andMasawthathisearsdroopedforwardinflaps,hehadthreenostrils,andhiseyelashescoveredhiseyeslikeascreen.Hewasfollowedbysomeriderswhomthevillagerssaidwereprivycouncillors.TheyinformedMaofeachmansrank;and,althoughalltheofficialswereugly,thelowertheirrankthelesshideoustheywere.无何，马归，街衢人望见之，噪奔跌蹶，如逢怪物。

村人百口解说，市人始敢遥立。

既归，国中咸知村有异人，于是搢绅大夫，争欲一广见闻，遂令村人要马。

By-and-byMawentback,thepeopleinthestreetsmarvelingverymuchtoseehim,andtumblinghelter-skelteroneoveranotherasiftheymetagoblin.Thevillagersshoutedouttoreassurethem,andthentheystoodatadistancetolookathim.Whenhegotback,therewasnotaman,woman,orchildinthewholenationbutknewthattherewasastrangemanatthevillage;andthegentryandofficialsbecamedesirousofseeinghim.WhenMaturnedtoleave,thecitizensofthecapitalexclaimedinterrorandstartedflyinginalldirectionsasifhewereanogre.Onlywhenthevillagersassuredthattherewasnothingtobeafraidofdidthesecitypeopledarestandatadistancetowatch.Bythetimehegotback,however,therewasnotaman,womanorch