熊海虹-英语-研究生综合教程Unit10.ppt

熊海虹-英语-研究生综合教程Unit10.ppt

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高等院校研究生英语系列教材综合教程（上）综合教程（上）INTEGRATEDCOURSEUnit10TheRoleofEducationContentStartingoutReadingFocusReadingMorePracticalTranslationFocusedWritingFinalProjectTask1Thefollowingisalistofthecorecoursesofferedbycollegesoruniversities.Selectwhatyouthinkarethethreemostimportantcorecoursesfromthelistbelow.Compareyourchoiceswiththoseofyourpartnersandgivereasonsforyourchoices.（P276）StartingoutStartingoutEconomicsGeographyHistoryPhysiologyPsychologyEnglish,dancing,etc）Arts（music,paintingMathPhilosophyChineseP.E.ComputerManagementReligionLawTask2Inthemid1980s,Chinascollegeenrollmentratestoodatabout3%ofthepopulation,lowerthanthatofmanyotherdevelopingcountries.Intheearly1990s,thenumberroseto5%.In1999,universitiesenrolled1.59millionstudents,whichwasa41.2percentrisefromthepreviousyear.Sincethen,thenumbershavejustkeptclimbing.In2002,thecollegeenrollmentratereached15%percent.Itroseto19%in2005.Somepeoplethinktheexpansionpolicyisnecessarytoimprovethequalityofthenationseducationwhileothersbelievethattheexpansionisresponsibleforadeclineinthequalityofteachingaswellastheintensecompetitioninthejobmarket.Whatisyouropiniononthisissue?

Useexamples,factsorfigurestosupportyourideas.（P276）StartingoutTask2StartingoutTask2Task2Usefulwordsandexpressions:

StartingoutTask2StartingoutTask2ajust,equitableandproductivesocietyqualityofeducationskilledworkforcelow-incomeareasminoritystudentsrisingtuitionfeesheavyfinancialburdenmeetthedemandsoftheworkplaceincapableoftacklingpracticalproblemsboosteconomicdevelopmentincreasetheskillbaseofthecountryTask3InmostpartsofChina,whenstudentsreachthesecondgradeatseniorhighschool,theyarerequiredtospecializeineitherscienceorartscourses.Thetwocoursesareverydifferentandsomepeopledislikebeingstreamlinedsoearlyintheireducationalcareer.Whatdoyouthinkofthispractice?

Talktoyourpartnerandtellthemaboutyourexperience.（P277）StartingoutTask3StartingoutTask3StartingoutStartingoutNowwatchavideoaboutPrincetonUniversity.Listencarefullyandcompletetheblank-fillingexercise.1.PrincetonUniversityislocatedinPrinceton,NewJerseyinthesuburbanhistorictownof_includingfarmlandsandforests.2.Oneofthethingsthatweveseeninthelastyearsis_intheclass.3.Princetonoffersoneofthestrongestfinancialaidprogramsinthecountry.Thatswhy58%ofundergraduatesreceivefinancialaidthatsnotneeded_.4.SomeofthemostpopularmajorsinPrincetonarepolitics,history,_.5.Ourfacultiesareleadersintheirfieldsandtheyrepushingback_intermsoftheirresearch.StartingoutStartingoutdiversesurroundingsthegenderbalancetobepaidbackmolecularbiologyandengineeringintellectuallimitsTheRoleoftheAcademyinTimesofCrisisReadingFocusReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding2DetailedInformation3CriticalThinking4LanguagePoints5ReadingFocusReadingFocusVocabularyinAction6BackgroundInformation1Listentoatalkoneducationandeducationalsystem,andanswerthefollowingquestions.1）Whatsthepurposeofeducation?

2）Whatsthoughttobefashionableinmanymoderncountries?

3）Whydosomepeoplerefusetodowhattheythinkofaslowjobs?

4）Whyistheworkofacompletelyuneducatedfarmerfarmoreimportantthanthatofaprofessor?

5）Whatkindofeducationisvaluabletothesociety?

BackgroundInformationBackgroundInformationReadingFocusReadingFocusGlobalUnderstandingTask1Itsimportanttobeabletofindthemainideainaparagraph.Themainideatellsthereaderwhattheparagraphismostlyabout.Alloftheothersentencesinaparagrapharedetailsthattellthereadermoreaboutthemainidea.Themainideaisusuallystatedinatopicsentence.Thetopicsentenceisoftenthefirstsentenceoritmaycomealittlelaterintheparagraphorevenattheend.Itsimportanttobeabletodistinguishthemainideafromthesupportingdetailsinreadingmaterials.Sometimesthemainideaisnotwrittenexplicitlybutrathersuggested.Sometimesitmaybeexpressedinmorethanonesentence.Therearesevenparagraphsinthistext.Writedownthemainideaofeachparagraph.（P283）Para1:

Para2:

Para3:

Para4:

ReadingFocusReadingFocusGlobalUnderstandingOursocietysconfidenceinitsinstitutionsofhighereducationisclearfromthegenerosityofgovernmentinvestmentinresearchbutitcomeswithexpectation.Modernacademicstudyrelatestotheworld;itisnotapartfromitasinthepast.Americansocietyhasalong-standingconsensusaboutthevalueofeducation.Wehaveanobligationtosearchfornewideasandknowledge.Para5:

Para6:

Para7:

ReadingFocusReadingFocusGlobalUnderstandingWehaveanobligationtodisseminatenewideaandknowledge.Wehavethethirdobligationtoeducatethenextgenerationofcitizensandleaders.Weshouldcultivatethequalitiesofthoughtanddiscernmentinourstudents.Task2Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthesentencefromthetext.（P284）Key:

12345678910BCBBCCACCCReadingFocusReadingFocusDetailedInformationCriticalThinkingReadingFocusStepOneReadthefollowingsentencesfromthetextanddecidewhetheryouagreewiththeauthor.Workingroupstoprovideexamplestosupportorargueagainsttheauthorsopinions.ReadingFocusCriticalThinkingThesearchfornewideasandknowledgeisnotandcannotbemotivatedbyutilitarianconcern.Weshouldfirstandforemostcultivatethequalitiesofthoughtanddiscernmentinourstudents.StepTwoDiscusswithyourpartnerthefollowingquestions.Whatdoyouthinkisthepurposeofeducation?

Doyouthinktheideaofaliberalartseducationaspreparationforaprofessionisanarrowone?

Whyorwhynot?

ReadingFocusCriticalThinking1.Oursocietysconfidenceinitsinstitutionsofhighereducationisexpressedthroughthegenerousinvestmentsofthefederalandstategovernmentsinbasicandappliedresearch,investmentsthatwiselycouplesupportforresearchwithsupportforgraduateeducation.（Para2）couplewith:

ifonethingiscoupledwithanother,theyhappenorexisttogetherandproduceaparticularresult并提；加上并提；加上e.g.1）Lackofraincoupledwithhightemperaturescausedthecropstofail.2）Hisenergyandintelligence,coupledwithherskillandpatience,overcamealldifficulties.ReadingFocusReadingFocusLanguagePoint2.Intimesoftrouble,itisespeciallyimportantthatweliveuptotheseexpectations.（Para2）liveupto:

ifsomethingorsomeonelivesuptoastandard,reputation,orpromise,theydoaswellastheywereexpectedto,dowhattheypromised符合（标准）；不负（盛名）；履行符合（标准）；不负（盛名）；履行（诺言）（诺言）e.g.1）Heworkshardandwillprobablyliveuptohisparentsexpectations.2）Thebankisinsolventandisunabletoliveuptoitsobligations.ReadingFocusReadingFocusLanguagePoint3.Themedievalimageoftheuniversityasanivorytower,withscholarsturnedinwardinsolitarycontemplation,immunizedfromthecaresoftheday,isanimagethathasbeensupersededbythemodernuniversityconstructednotofivory,butofahighlyporousmaterial,onethatallowsfreediffusioninbothdirections.（Para3）contemplation（n.）:

quiet,seriousthinkingaboutsomething沉思沉思e.g.1）Heislostincontemplationabouthisfuture.2）Themonksspendanhourincontemplationeachmorning.supersede（v.）:

toreplace代替，取代代替，取代e.g.Televisionsupersededradiointhefifties.ReadingFocusReadingFocusLanguagePointdiffusion（n.）:

spreadingideasorinformationamongalotofpeople传播，散播传播，散播e.g.1）ThediffusionofideasacrossbordersisonereasonforEuropessuccess.2）ThediffusionofnewsbyradioandTVmaybeaffectedbytheInternet.翻译：

翻译：

中世纪大学的形象是一座象牙塔，学者们远离社会中世纪大学的形象是一座象牙塔，学者们远离社会进行孤独的沉思，不关心窗外之事进行孤独的沉思，不关心窗外之事这一形象已被现这一形象已被现代大学所取代代大学所取代现代大学不是象牙构筑的，而是高度现代大学不是象牙构筑的，而是高度开放的机构，允许内外自由交流。

开放的机构，允许内外自由交流。

ReadingFocusReadingFocusLanguagePoint4.Wealsohavelearnedthatitisunwisetosearchonlyinpredictableplaces,fornewknowledgeoftendependsuponpreparingfertilegroundinobscureplaceswhereserendipityandgoodluck,aswellasdeepintelligence,cansprout.（Para4）serendipity（n.）:

thenaturalabilitytomakeinterestingorvaluablediscoveriesbyaccident翻译：

翻译：

同时，我们也得知，只在可预知的领域来挖掘知识同时，我们也得知，只在可预知的领域来挖掘知识是不明智的，因为新知识往往依赖于在未知领域准备好是不明智的，因为新知识往往依赖于在未知领域准备好肥沃的土壤，在那些领域，好运气同深奥的智慧一样能肥沃的土壤，在那些领域，好运气同深奥的智慧一样能开花结果。

开花结果。

ReadingFocusReadingFocusLanguagePoint5.Freedomofinquiry,whichisoneofourmostcherishedorganizingprinciples,isnotjustamoralimperative,itisapracticalnecessity.（Para4）imperative（n.）:

anessentialorurgentthing需要需要e.g.1）Tacklingmalariaisnowaninternationalimperative.2）Distributingfoodaidisanimportantmoralimperativeinthatsociety.imperative（adj.）:

extremelyimportantandneedingtobedoneordealtwithimmediately急需的急需的e.g.1）Itisimperativethatpoliticiansshouldbegoodcommunicators.2）Itisimperativetomeetfacetofacewiththeclient.ReadingFocusReadingFocusLanguagePoint6.Itconsistsinthepowertodistinguishgoodreasoningfrombad,inthepowertodigestandinterpretevidence,inthehabitofcatholicobservationandapreferenceforthenon-partisanpointofview,inanaddictiontoclearandlogicalprocessesofthoughtandyetaninstinctivedesiretointerpretratherthantosticktotheletterofreasoning,inatasteforknowledgeandadeeprespectfortheintegrityofthehumanmind.（Para6）catholic（adj.）:

includingaverywidevarietyofthings广泛的广泛的,普遍的普遍的e.g.1）Shehasacatholictasteinmusic.2）Youhaveacatholicarrayofbooksonyourbookshelf.ReadingFocusReadingFocusLanguagePointnon-partisan（adj.）:

notsupportingtheideasofanypoliticalpartyorgroup无党派的无党派的翻译：

翻译：

它包括了：

辨别正确推理与错误推理的能力，消化它包括了：

辨别正确推理与错误推理的能力，消化与阐释论据的能力，广泛观察的习惯，对于持客观与阐释论据的能力，广泛观察的习惯，对于持客观见解的偏好，执着