国际商务英语课后问答题.docx

国际商务英语课后问答题.docx

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国际商务英语课后问答题答案〔多写多练〕

Unit1课后问答题

1、WhatdoesinternationalbusinessrefertoPleasetellthedifferencebetweeninternationalbusinessanddomesticbusiness.P3

Internationalbusinessreferstotransactionsbetweenpartiesfromdiffirentcountries.

Therearefourmajordiffrencesbetweeninternationalbusinessanddomesticbusiness:

〔1）differencesinlegalsystem

〔2）differencesincurrencies

〔3）differencesincuturalbackground

〔4）differencesinnaturalandeconomicconditions

2、Pleaseexplainthedifferencesbetweenvisibletradeandinvisibletrade.WhichisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantandaccountsforanincreasingproportionininternationaltradeP4

Commoditytrade,i.e，exportingandimportinggoodsproducedormanufacturedinonecountryforconsumptionorresaleinanother.Thiskindoftradeisalsoreferredtovisibletrade.Invisibletradeisintheformoftransportation,communication,banking,insurance,consulting,informationetc.

Invisibletradeisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantandaccountsforanincreasingproportionininternationaltrade.

3、CanyoucitesomeexamplestoillustrateculturaldifferencesininternationalbusinessP3

Culturaldifferencesincludinglanguage,customs,traditions,religion,value,behavioretc.

4、Pleaseelaborateonthetwocategoriesofinternationalinvestment.WhatistheirmajordifferenceP4

ForeigndirectinvestmentsorFDIforshortismadeforreturnsthroughcontrollingtheenterprisesorassetsinvestedininahostcountry.

Portfolioinvestmentreferstopurchasesofforeignfinancialassetsforapurposeotherthancontrolling.

5、WhatislicensingWhydofirmssometimeschooseitasmeansofenteringaforeignmarketP5

Inlicensing,afirmleasestherighttouseitsintellectualpropertytoafirminanothercountry.Firmschooselicensingbecausetheydonotwanttomakecashpaymentstostartbusiness,andcansimplyreceiveincomeintheformofroyalty.Besides,theycanbenefitfromlocationaladvantegesofforeignoperationwithoutanyobligationsinownershipormanagement.

6、WhatisfranchisingHowisitdifferentfromlicensingP5

Underfranchising,afim,calledthefranchisee,isallowedtooperateinthenameofanother,calledthefranchiserwhoprovidestheformerwithtrademarks,brandname,logos,andoperatingtechniquesforroyalty.

Incomparisionwiththerelationbetweenthelicenserandthelicensee,thefranchiserhasmorecontroloverandprovidesmoresupportforthefranchisee.

7、WhatisamanagementcontractUnderwhatconditionsisitmostapplicableP5

Underamanagementcontract,onecompanyoffersmanagerialorotherspecializedservicestoanotherwithinaparticularperiodforaflatpaymentorapercentageoftherelevantbusinessvolume.

Whenagovernmentforbidsforeignownershipincertainindustriesitconsiderstobeofstrategicimportancebutlackstheexpertiseforoperation,managementcontractsmaybeapracticalchoiceenablingaforeigncompanytooperateintheindustrywithoutowningtheassets..

8、WhatisaninternationalturnkeyprojectInwhatwayisitsvariantBOTdifferentfromitP6

Foraninterantionalturnkeyproject,afirmsignsacontractwithaforeignpurchaserandundertakesallthedesigning,contractingandfacilityequipingbeforehandingitovertothelatteruponcompletion.ForaBOTproject,afirmoperateafacilityforaperiodoftimeafterbuildingitupbeforefinallytransferringittoaforeigncompany.

MakingprofitfromoperatingtheprojectforaperiodisthemajordifferencebetweenBOTandthecommonturnkeyproject.

Unit2课后问答题答案

1.ExplaintheconceptsofGNPandGDPrespectivelyandpointouttheirmajordifference.CanweusetheminterchaeablyP18

GNPreferstothemarketvalueofgoodsandservicesproducedbythepropertyandlaborownedbytheresidentsofaneconomy.

GDPmeasuresthemarketvalueofallgoodsandservicesproducedwithinthegeographicareaofaneconomy.

ThedifferencebetweenGNPandGDPisthattheformerfocusesonownershipofthefactorsofproductionwhilethelatterconcentratesontheplacewhereproductiontakesplace.

ThedifferencebetweenGNPandGDPcanbeignoredsinceitisverysmallinmostcases,sowecanusetheminterchangeably.

2、Whataremeantbyhighincome,middleincome,andlowincomecountriesaccordingtotheWorldBankCitesomeexaplesforeachgroup.P20

Thoseenjoyingannualpercapitaincomeof$9386andaboveareclassifiedashigh-incomecountries.

Thisgroupcomprisesthreetypesofcountries.

〔1〕MostmembersoftheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment（OECD）

（2）Richoilproducingcontriesofthemiddleeast（Kuwait,SaudiArabia,UnitedArabEmirates）.

（3）Small-industrializedcountriesorregionssuchasIsrael,Singapore,HongKongandTaiwan.

Countrieswithannualpercapitaincomebelow$9386butabove$765areregardedasmiddle-incomecountries.

（1）MostEastEuropeancountriesandmostmembersoftheCommonwealthofIndependentStates,sixOECDmembers.（Czech,Greece,Hungary,Mexico,Turkey）

（2）QuiteanumberofLatinAmericancountriesandsomecomparativelydevelopedcountriesinAsia.（Indonesia,Malaysia,thephilippines,Thailand）

（3）AmongtheAfricancountries,SouthAfricaandoil-producingLibya,NigeriaandAlgeria.Lowerincomecountriesarethosethathavepercapitaincomesofonly$765orevenless.

MostAfricancontries,someAsiancountriesandafewLatinAmericancountries.

3.WhyarehighincomecountriesimportanttotradeandinvestmentShouldweneglectlowincomecountriesininternationalbusinessP20-21

High-incomecountriesoftenhavegoodinfrastructure,highpurchasingpower,advancedtechnology,efficientmanagement,andfavorableenvironmentfortradeandinvestment.Theyofferprimemarketsforexpensiveconsumergoodsandarebothattractivesourcesanddestinationsofinvestment.

Weshouldnotneglectlowincomecountriesininternationalbusiness,becausetheyconstitutemarketsforlower-pricedstaplegoods,providecheaplaborandareoftenrichinresources.Whatismoreimportant,marketissomethingtobedeveloped.Oncetapped,thebusinesspotentialofthesecountrieswillonedaybecomerealbusinessopportunities.

4、InwhatdifferentwaysareGDPandpercapitaincomesignificantinassessingthepotentialofaparticularmarketP19

TotalGDPindicatestheoverallsizeofaneconomywhichisimportantinmarketassessmentfordurableequipmentorbulkgoodssuchasgrain,steel,orcement.

PercapitaGDPrevealstheaverageincomelevelofconsumers,whichisimportantwhenmarketingconsumerdurables.

5、Waschinaalow-incomecountryafewyearsagoHowaboutnowP21

Chinawithapercapitaincomeofover$1100isamiddle-incomecountrythoughitwasalowincomecountryjustafewyearsago.

6、Whatdoestheterm“Traid〞refertoWhatismeanttyQuadP23

ThetermTriadreferstothethreerichestregionsoftheworldtheUnitedStates,theEuropeanUnionandJapanthatofferthemostimportantbusinessopportunities.SomepeopleextendthescopeofTriadtoincludeCanadaandnamethebroadenedgroupingQuad.

7、HowmuchdoyouknowaboutOECDPleasemakeabriefaccount.

OECDmeansOrganizationofEconomicCooperationandDevelopmentwasestablishedin1961bythemajorcapitalismcountrieswiththeheadquarterinParis.Ithas29membercountries,amongwhich,23ofthemarehigh-incomecountriesandtheothersaremiddle-incomecountries.

8、WhatisthebestpolicyforChinatodevelopbusinessopportunitesP23

Thebestpolicyistodevelopbusinessopportunitieswhereveradvantageouswhilekeepinginmindthekeymarkets.

Unit3课后问答题答案

1.WhatisafreetradeareaMakeabriefaccountofthemostnotablefreetradeareaintheworld.P35

Membersofafreetradearearemovesbarriestotheflowofgoodsandservicessmongthemselveswhileeachmemberstilladoptsitsownpolicyasregardstotradewithoutsiders.ThemostnotablefreetradeareaistheNorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement（NAFTA）,thelargestfreemarketformedbytheUnitedStates.

2.InwhatwayisacustomsuniondifferentfromafreetradeareaP35

CustomsUnionthatgoesastepfurtherbyadoptingthesametradepolicyforallthememberstowardcountriesoutsidetheirorganizationinadditiontoabolishingtradebarriersamongthemselves.

3.WhatarethecharacteristicsofacomonmarketWhichorganizationremainedacommonmarketforsomeyearsinthepastP36

Besidesfreemovementofgoodsandservicesandadoptionofcommonexternaltradepolicy,factorsofproductionsuchaslabor,capitalandtechnologyarefreetomoveamongmemberssothattheycanbeutilizedinamoreefficientandproductiveway.Inthepast,theEuropeanCommunityremainedacommonmarketforsomeyears.

4.HowmuchdoyouknowaboutaneconomicunionCanmembersofaneconomicunionkeepalloftheirnationalsovereigntyP36

Economicunionischaracterizedbyintegrationofthedomesticpoliciesofitsmembersinrespectofeconomy,financeetc.inadditiontoabsenceoftradebarriers,practiceofcommonexternalpolicyandfreeproductionfactormobility.

Themembercountriesofaneconomicunionarerequiredtosurrendersomeoftheirnationalsovereignty.

5.MakeabriefaccountoftheoriginanddevelopmentoftheEU.P37

Itshistorydatesbacktotheearlypost-waryears.Thefirstcommunity,theEuropeanCoalandSteelCommunity（ECSC）wasestablishedin1952whichsetthestageformoreambitiousintegrationefforts.ThesigningofthemonumentalTreatyofRomein1957markstheestablishmentoftheEuropeanEconomicCommunitywiththeaimo