过去式的不规则变化和规则变化.docx
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过去式的不规则变化和规则变化
规则变化
【过去式的变化规则】
①一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加ed。
如：
want---wanted，play---played
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加d。
如：
hope---hoped，live---lived
③重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。
如：
stop---stopped,prefer---preferred
④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加ed。
如：
study---studied，worry---worried
⑤有些动词不符合上面的规则，需要特殊记忆。
如：
am（is）-was,are-were,go-went,eat-ate,swim-swam,buy-bought,see-saw,teach-taught,bring-brought,think-thought,fall-fell,hurt-hurt,break-broke,win-won,lose-lost
动词过去式变化规则
AAA型（动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形）
cost（花费）costcostcut（割）cutcut
hit（打）hithithurt伤害）hurthurt
let（让）letletput（放）putput
read（读）readread
（2）AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形）
beat（跳动）beatbeaten
（3）ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形）
become（变成）becamebecomecome（来）camecome
run（跑）ranrun
（4）ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）
dig（挖）dugdugget（得到）gotgot
hang（吊死）hangedhangedhang（悬挂）hunghung
hold（抓住）heldheldshine（照耀）shoneshone
sit（坐）satsatwin（赢）wonwon
meet（遇见）metmetkeep（保持）keptkept
sleep（睡）sleptsleptsweep（扫）sweptswept
feel（感觉）feltfeltsmell（闻）smeltsmelt
leave（离开）leftleftbuild（建设）builtbuilt
lend（借出）lentlentsend（传送）sentsent
spend（花费）spentspentlose（丢失）lostlost
burn（燃烧）burntburntlearn（学习）learntlearnt
mean（意思是）meantmeantcatch（抓住）caughtcaught
teach（教）taughttaughtbring（带来）broughtbrought
fight（战斗）foughtfoughtbuy（买）boughtbought
think（想）thoughtthoughthear（听见）heardheard
sell（卖）soldsoldtell（告诉）toldtold
say（说）saidsaidfind（找到）foundfound
have/has（有）hadhadmake（制造）mademade
stand（站）stoodstoodunderstand明白understoodunderstood
（5）ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）
begin（开始）beganbegundrink（喝）drankdrunk
ring（铃响）rangrungsing（唱）sangsung
swim（游泳）swamswumblow（吹）blewblown
draw（画）drewdrawnfly（飞）flewflown
grow（生长）grewgrownknow（知道）knewknown
throw（投掷）threwthrownshow（出示）showedshown
break（打破）brokebrokenchoose（选择）chosechosen
forget（忘记）forgotforgotten（forgot）speak（说，讲）spokespoken
wake（醒）wokewokedrive（驾驶）drovedriven
eat（吃）ateeatenfall（落下）fellfallen
give（给）gavegivenrise（升高）roserisen
take（取）tooktakenmistake（弄错）mistookmistaken
ride（骑）roderiddenwrite（写）wrotewritten
do（做）diddonego（去）wentgone
lie（平躺）laylainsee（看见）sawseen
wear（穿）woreworn
be（am,is,are）（是）was,werebeen
①一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加ed。
如：
wanted，played。
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加d。
如：
hoped，lived。
③重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。
如：
stopped,shipped。
④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加ed。
如：
studied，worried。
⑤有些动词不符合上面的规则，需要特殊记忆。
如：
am（is）-was,are-were,go-went,eat-ate,
swim-swam,buy-bought,see-saw,
teach-taught,bring-brought,think-thought,
fall-fell,hurt-hurt,break-broke,win-won,
lose-lost
不规则变化
一、
原形
过去式
read
读
read/e/
cut
切，割
cut
let
让
let
put
放
put
cost
花费
cost
hit
撞，击
hit
set
安置
set
hurt
伤害
hurt
二、
am/is
是
was
are
是
were
do/does
做
did
go
走
went
have/has
有,吃
had
三、
give
给
gave
become
成为
became
come
来
came
run
跑
ran
begin
开始
began
drink
喝
drank
sing
唱
sang
swim
游泳
swam
ring
打电话
rang
sit
坐
sat
四、
blow
吹
blew
grow
生长
grew
draw
画
drew
fly
飞
flew
know
知道
knew
wake
醒
woke
五、
get
得到
got
forget
忘记
forgot
win
赢
won
ride
骑
rode
write
写
wrote
speak
说
spoke
bear
忍受
bore
wear
穿
wore
freeze
冻结
froze
choose
选择
chose
六、
bring
带来
brought
buy
买
bought
fight
打架
fought
think
思考
thought
catch
捉,抓
caught
teach
教
taught
七、
feed
喂
fed
meet
遇见
met
feel
感到
felt
keep
保持
kept
sleep
睡
slept
sweep
扫
swept
八、
build
建造
built
lose
丢失
lost
send
送,寄
sent
spend
花费
spent
deal
处理
dealt
mean
意思
meant
九、
pay
付钱
paid
say
说
said
sell
卖
sold
tell
告诉
told
stand
站
stood
take
拿
took
十、
eat
吃
ate
see
看见
saw
fall
落下
fell
hear
听见
heard
make
制造
made
find
发现
found
hold
拥有
held
leave
离开
left
hide
躲藏
hid
十二、
can
能
could
may
也许
might
shall
将要
should
will
会
would
十二、
hang
吊死
hanged
挂
hung
learn
学
learned
learnt
lie
说谎
lied
躺
lay
spell
拼写
spelled
spelt
burn
烧
burned
burnt
smell
闻
smelled
smelt
shine
照耀
shined
shone
dream
做梦
dreamed
dreamt
一、过去式和过去分词相同。
A-B-B型
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
意思
1.bring
2.build
3.burn
4.buy
5.catch
6.dig
7.feel
8.fight
9.find
10.get
11.hang
12.have
13.hear
14.hold
15.keep
16.learn
17.leave
18.lend
19.lose
20.make
21.mean
22.meet
23.pay
24.say
25.sell
26.send
27.shine
28.sit
brought
built
burnt（burned）
bought
caught
dug
felt
fought
found
got
hung
hanged
had
heard
held
kept
learnt（learned）
left
lent
lost
made
meant
met
paid
said
sold
sent
shone（shined）
sat
brought
built
burnt（burned）
bought
caught
dug
felt
fought
found
got
hung
hanged
had
heard
held
kept
learnt（learned）
left
lent
lost
made
meant
met
paid
said
sold
sent
shone（shined）
sat
带来
建
燃烧
买
抓
挖
感觉
打架
发现
得到
挂（衣）
绞死（上吊）
有
听到
握
保持
学习
离开
借出
丢失
制造
意思是
遇到
付款
说
卖
送
发光
坐
29.sleep
30.smell
31.spend
32.stand
33.sweep
34.teach
35.tell
36.think
37.understand
38.win
slept
smelt（smelled）
spent
stood
swept
taught
told
thought
understood
won
slept
smelt（smelled）
spent
stood
swept
taught
told
thought
understood
won
睡
嗅
花费
站
扫
教
告诉
想
理解
赢
二、动词的过去分词是在动词原形后面加n或en。
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
意思
39.beat
40.blow
41.draw
42.drive
43.eat
44.fall
45.give
46.grow
47.know
48.mistake
49.ride
50.rise
51.see
52.show
53.take
54.throw
55.write
beat
blew
drew
drove
ate
fell
gave
grew
knew
mistook
rode
rose
saw
showed
took
threw
wrote
beaten
blown
drawn
driven
eaten
fallen
given
grown
known
mistaken
ridden
risen
seen
shown
taken
thrown
written
打
吹
画画
驾驶
吃
下落
给
生长
知道
弄错
乘、骑
升
看见
出示,表现
拿走
抛、掷
写
三、原形、过去式和过去分词相同。
A-A-A型
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
意思
56.cost
57.cut
58.hit
59.hurt
60.let
61.put
62.read
63.shut
cost
cut
hit
hurt
let
put
read
shut
cost
cut
hit
hurt
let
put
read
shut
值（多少）钱
切、割
打
伤害、伤痛
让
放
读
关
四、原形中的i，过去式改为a，过去分词改为u。
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
意思
64.begin
65.drink
66.ring
67.sing
68.swim
began
drank
rang
sang
swam
begun
drunk
rung
sung
swum
开始
饮
响
唱
游泳
五、动词的过去分词是在过去式后加n或en。
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
意思
69.break
70.choose
71.forget
72.speak
73.wake
broke
chose
forgot
spoke
woke
broken
chosen
forgotten
spoken
woken
打碎
选择
忘记
讲
醒
六、动词原形和过去分词相同。
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
意思
74.become
75.come
76.run
became
came
ran
become
come
run
成为
来
跑
七、原形、过去式和过去分词都不同。
A-B-C型
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
意思
77.am，is
78.are
79.do
80.fly
81.go
82.lie
83.wear
was
were
did
flew
went
lay
wore
been
been
done
flown
gone
lain
worn
是
是
做
飞
去
躺
穿
八、没有过去分词的。
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
意思
84.can
85.may
86.shall
87.will
could
might
should
would
/
/
/
/
能
可以
将要
愿、要、将
注意：
1.bring-brought-brought;buy-bought-bought;
Fight-fought-fought;think-thought-thought
而：
Catch-caught-caught;teach-taught-taught
（如里本身动词中已含有字母a,则变过去式和过去分词时，也就带上a）
2.hang的两种变法区别：
当“挂衣服”讲时变hung-hung:
因g像挂衣服的钩；当“上吊”讲时，需要向上扔一个绳，故hanged-hanged：
d像绳一样。
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