中考英语《句型分类》知识点祈使句的分类及应用.docx

中考英语《句型分类》知识点祈使句的分类及应用.docx

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中考英语《句型分类》知识点祈使句的分类及应用

中考英语《句型分类》知识点：

祈使句的分类及应用

）。

中考英语《句型分类》知识点：

祈使句的分类及应用

一般祈使句

句型[（呼语），（Dont）动词原形+（宾语）+其他]

1.Study,studyandoncemorestudy.2.Workingmenofallcountries,unite!

3.LearnfromcomradeLeiFeng.4.Dontforgetit.5.Comehere.

6.Stopcryingandwipeawayyourtears.

句型[（Dont）Be+表语+（其他）]

1.Beredandexpert.2.Bebrave,dontbeafraid.3.Dontbeshy!

4.Becareful,whencrossthestreet.5.Beanhonestperson,speakandacthonestly.

3.Dontbeafraid,speakout.

句型[Get+过去分词/副词虚助词+（其他）]

1.Getorganized!

2.Getdonewithit.3.Getaway!

4.Getalongwithyou.

5.Getoutofhere.6.Getback.

[附注]祈使句一般不用主语，如系多数人而须指示任务时可以有主语，这个主语相当于呼语。

如：

1.Youtalk;wehaveheardenoughfromtheothers.

2.Everybodyshuttheireyes.

3.Yousweepthefloor,XiaoWang;youcleanthedesks,XiaoLi,andothersfetchwater.

其次，大人对孩子说话，或含有急躁、厌烦等情绪，也可加主语you

1.Nowyoulistentome.2.Youmustnottalksoloud!

3.Nowyougetabitofpaperandwritedown.4.Yourmindyourownbusiness!

第三，当句中的副词虚助词在句首时，须用主语，如：

Inyougo!

（=Goin,please.）

强语势祈使句

句型62[（肯定句）Do+动词原形+（其他）]/[（否定句）Never+动词原形+（其他）]

1.Dotellme!

2.Dobecareful!

3.Docome!

4.Dostaywithus!

5.Nevertellalie.

6.Neverstandrightinthemiddleofyourwork.

7.Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.

句型[No/Noneof+名词!

]

1.Nofalsehood!

Ourstrengthliesinstatingthetruth.

2.TheKingsaid:

hehasstudiedtoomuch,Nobooksandnoteachersanymore!

...

3.Noneofyourlittlegames!

4.Noneofyournonsense!

5.Noneofyourimpudence

[注1]no是泛指，none所指有一定的范围

[注2]旧时有用forGodssake或forgoodnesssake等来加强语气的。

ForGodssakedontfirethatgun!

委婉祈使句

句型[Please+动词原形+（其他）]

1.Pleasepassmethedictionary.2.Lendmeyourknife,please.

3.Dontstandpleaseonceremony.4.Movealong,please.5.Pleasehelpyourself!

[注]文学作品中please可用pray替代，如：

1.Praygohome.2.Pray,goonwithyournextstory.

句型[Willyou/Wontyou/Wouldyou+动词原形+（其他）]

1.Willyoucomehere?

（=Pleasecomehere.）2.Willyoudothebeds,whileIdothewindows?

3.Helpmewiththisluggage,willyou?

4.Wontyoustayalittlelonger?

5.Wontyouhavesomemore?

6.Wouldyoudomeafavor?

-Why,ofcourse.

7.Wouldyoulikeanotherdrink?

8.Wouldyoukindlyshowmetheway?

[注]疑问句的祈使句还有could,can,may,might,如：

Couldyoulendmefiveshillingsuntiltomorrow?

Might（May）Iborrowyourpen（for）amoment?

句型[Wouldyoumind（not）+动名词+（其他）]/[Doyoumind（not）+动名词+（其他）]

1.Would（或Do）youmindlendingmeyourdictionary?

-Certainlynot.

2.Wouldyoumindbeinghereatnineoclock?

3.Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?

-Oh,no,please.

4.Doyoumindnotsmokinginthedining-room,please?

句型[Whatabout+动名词+（其他）]/[Howabout+动名词+（其他）]

1.Whataboutstartingworktomorrow?

2.Whataboutgoingoutforawalk?

3.Howabouttryingtodoitmyway?

句型[Be+sogood/kindas+不定式+（其他）]/[Be+good/kindenough+不定式+（其他）]

1.Besogoodastocomeandjoinusat5oclock.

2.Besokindas（=kindenough）toshutthedoor.

3.Begoodenoughtoletmeknowwhenyouwillreturnfromyourholiday.

4.BekindenoughtocomeandhelpmetostudyEnglish.

[注1]句型60,61可与本句型结合使用，如：

1.Willyoubebackearlythisevening,please?

2.Willyoubekindenough/sokindastoclosethedoor?

3.Wouldyoubesogoodastoposttheletterforme?

[注2]有时可以在这些句型前加上just,使语气更缓和，如：

Justlistentoher,please!

Justshutthedoor,willyou?

建议祈使句

句型[Letus/Lets或Let+第三人称宾语+动词原形+其他]

1.Letusknowthetimeofyourarrival.2.Oh,doletusbefriends.

3.Letsgo.-yes,letsgo.4.Letsstartearly,shallwe?

5.Shallhecomein?

-lethimwait!

6.Lethimhavehissay.

7.NatureandNatureslawslayhidinnight,godsaidLetNewtonbeandallwaslight.

[注]let可用于句型55，如：

Letmesee.Letmealone.Pleaseletmeintothehouse.

句型[Let+宾语+not}+动词原形+其他][Dontlet+宾语+动词原形+其他]

1.Letusnotgo.2.Letsnotwasteouttimearguingaboutit.3.Letsnotdiscussitinclass.

4.Dontletthefireout.5.Dontletthechildrencomeneartheedge.

6.Pray（please）dontletusbesplittinghairs…,ortherellneverbeanendofthecause.

[注1]古英语中可采用Letnot+宾语…的形式，如：

1.Letnotsuccesselateyou.（=youshouldnotbeelatedbysuccess.）2.Letnotfailuredejectyou

[注2]以上三种否定式不可用于间接引语中，如：

（误）Tellhimdontletthefireout.

（误）Tellhimletthefirenotout.（误）Tellhimletnotthefireout.（正）Tellhimnottoletthefireout.

句型[Suppose/Supposing+主语+谓语（动词原形、过去时）+其他]

1.Supposeyouringmeup.2.Supposingwegoforaswim.

3.Suppose（Supposing）wetrytodoitmyway.4.Supposingwelooked（look）himuptoday.

句型[主语+hadbetter+动词原形+其他]

1.Wedbetterstartearly.（=Itwouldbebetterforustostartearly.）

2.Youdbetterdoasthedoctorsaysandstayinbed.

3.Youhadbettergotothefieldsandhavealook.4.Hadntyoubettertakeanumbrella?

[注]相当于本句型的还有以下二式：

1.…wouldbewell+不定式…Itwouldbewelltostartearly.

2.…mayaswell+原形动词…Wemayaswellgo.

[附注]建议祈使句还可以用以下动词来表达

1）allow,如：

Allowme,Sir,tointroduceyoutomyfellow-travelers.

Prayallowmetodetainyouforamoment..

2）permit,多用于正式场合，如：

Permitmetoexplainfurther.

Pleasepermitme,onbehalfofourschool,toextendmyheartfeltgreetingstoyou.

其次，也可用陈述句来表达这种概念。

如：

Youhavetoknockbeforeyouentermyroom.

1.Youarenottocomeintomyroomwithoutknocking.

2.Yououghttoshowhonortoyourteachers.3.WeshouldbethemastersofScience.

4.Youaretowriteyournameatthetopofeachsheetofpaper.

祝愿句

句型[Longlive+第三人称主语]

1.Longliveoursocialistmotherland.

2.Longlivethegreat,gloriousandcorrectCommunistPartyofChina.

句型[May+第二、三人称主语+动词原形+其他]

1.Mayyoureturnsoon!

2.Mayheneverrepentthisact!

3.Mayyousucceedinbuildingupastrongandprosperouscountry!

4.Mayourtwopeoplesachieveevengreatersuccessesinoursocialistconstruction!

[注]句型69，70可结合使用。

如：

Longmayshelivetoenjoyhergoodfortune!

有时可用might代替may,如：

Rathermighttheyliveinfriendshipforthefuture!

句型[（祝愿内容）名词+to+名词或代词（被祝愿对象）]

1.Eternalglorytothepeoplesheroes!

2.Solutetoyou!

3.Successtoyou!

4.Alonglifetoyou!

5.Atoasttoourfriendship!

6.Ahappyjourneytoyou!

7.Goodlucktoyou!

句型[Ifonly/But+主语+虚拟式谓语+其他]

1.IfonlyMarxwerestillbymysidetoseethiswithhisowneyes!

2.IfonlyIhadknownthenwhatIknewlongafterwards!

3.Ah,ifonlyithadlifeandmovement!

4.IfIcouldonlygetsomethingtodo.

句型[Oh/O/Ah）名词+that+主语+虚拟式谓语+其他][Oh/O/Ah）名词+tobe+表语+其他]

[Oh/O/Ah）名词+虚拟式谓语+主语+其他]

1.Oh!

Thatshecouldcomebacktolifeagain!

2.Othathewerealiveandcouldseethefruitsofhislabor.

3.Ah,thatIhadbutknown!

4.OthatIhadlistenedtohim!

5.Oh,tobeinEnglandnowthatAprilsthere!

6.Otobeaboyagain!

7.Owereheonlyhere!

8.OhadIwings!

句型[Be+主语+表语+其他]/[表语+Be+主语+其他]

1.Behisbannerunconquered,resistlesshisspear.

2.Beoursahappymeeting!

3.Lightbeherheartandgayhermerryeyes!

4.Sobeit!

（=Somayitbe!

=Beitso!

）

5.GoodfriendforJesussake,forbear

Todigthedustenclosedhere,

Blessedbehethatsparesthesestones

Andcurstbehethatmovesmybones.（EpitaphwrittenbyShakespeare）

句型[Would（that）+主语+虚拟式谓语+其他]

1.Would（that）itwereotherwise!

2.Wouldthattheyweresafehomeagain!

3.Wouldyouwerewithus!

（=Iwishyouwerewithus!

）4.WouldIwereascientist!

5.Would（that）Iwereyoungagain.6.WouldIwereasstrongasyou.

[注]口语中还有各种表示祝愿的说法，如：

Goodmorning!

AHappyNewYear!

AHappyHoliday!

Happyjourney!

Manyhappyreturns（oftheday）!

Goodluckineverything!

Mybestwishestoyou!

揭示句

句型[No+动名词或名词!

]/[（修饰语）+名词]

1.NoSmoking!

2.NoParkingHere!

3.NoScribbling（onthewall）!

4.NoPassage!

2.NoAdmittance!

6.NoAdmittanceexceptonbusiness.7.NoSpitting!

8.NoTalking!

9.NoThoroughfare.10.NoBill（或PostNoBill）.11.NottoBeTakenAway!

12.Order!

13.Interval-10Min.14.TheEnd.15.NightBell.16.Holiday.

17.Poison!

18.Danger!

19.HighTension!

20.Attention!

（或Lookout!

）

[注]这种句型还可以用副词，形容词，分词，动词，词组或句子来表达，如：

Slow;KeepRight;

Handsoff;WetPaint;BewareofFire;Upstairs;Downstairs;Push;Pull;ChildrennotAllowed;Engaged;Full,AllFull;Timesover;Entrance;Exit;Wayout等。

口号口令式祈使句

句型[副词虚助词+with+名词（或代词）]

1.Downwiththeslavementality!

Burydogmatism!

2.Awaywithsuperstitionandemancipatethemind.

3.Downwiththelandlords!

4.Upwiththepoor!

5.Upwithit!

6.Inwithyou!

7.Outwithit!

8.Offwithyourhat.9.Offwiththeirheads!

10.Onwithyourshoes!

句型[名词+副词虚助词!

][副词或比较级副词!

]

1.Handsup!

2.Handsoff!

3.Skatesoff!

4.Forwardtonewvictories!

5.Louder!

6.Higher!

7.Forward,men,forwardcriesPakenham.8.Away!

-away!

criedshewildly.