李世默ted英文演讲稿.docx

李世默ted英文演讲稿.docx

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李世默ted英文演讲稿

李世默ted英文演讲稿

　　篇一：

李世默TED演讲稿（中英文）

　　李世默TED：

　　中国崛起与“元叙事”的终结

　　Goodmorning.MynameisEricLi,andIwasbornhere.Butno,Iwasn’tbornthere.ThiswaswhereIwasborn:

Shanghai,attheheightoftheCulturalRevolution.Mygrandmothertellsmethatsheheardthesoundofgunfirealongwithmyfirstcries.WhenIwasgrowingup,IwastoldastorythatexplainedallIeverneededtoknowthathumanity.Itwentlikethis.Allhumansocietiesdevelopinlinearprogression,beginningwithprimitivesociety,thenslavesociety,feudalism,capitalism,socialism,andfinally,guesswhereweendupCommunism!

Soonerorlater,allofhumanity,regardlessofculture,language,nationality,willarriveatthisfinalstageofpoliticalandsocialdevelopment.Theentireworld’speopleswillbeunifiedinthisparadiseonearthandlivehappilyeverafter.Butbeforewegetthere,we’reengagedinastrugglebetweengoodandevil,thegoodofsocialismagainsttheevilofcapitalism,andthegoodshalltriumph.That,ofcourse,wasthemeta-narrativedistilledfromthetheoriesofKarlMarx.AndtheChineseboughtit.Weweretaughtthatgrandstorydayinanddayout.Itbecamepartofus,andwebelievedinit.Thestorywasabestseller.Aboutonthirdoftheentireworld’spopulationlivedunderthatmetanarrative.Then,theworldchangedovernight.Asforme,disillusionedbythefailedreligionofmyyouth,IwenttoAmericaandbecameaBerkeleyhippie.Now,asIwascomingofage,somethingelsehappened.Asifonebigstorywasn’tenough,Iwastoldanotherone.Thisonewasjustasgrand.Italsoclaimsthatallhumansocietiesdevelopinalinearprogressiontowardsasingularend.Thisonewentasfollows.Allsocieties,regardlessofculture,beitChristian,Muslim,Confucian,mustprogressfromtraditionalsocietiesinwhichgroupsarethebasicunitstomodernsocietiesinwhichatomizedindividualsarethesovereignunits,andalltheseindividualsare,bydefinition,rational,andtheyallwantonething:

thevote.Becausetheyallrational,oncegiventhevote,theyproducegoodgovernmentandlivehappilyeverafter.Paradiseonearth,again.Soonerorlater,electoraldemocracywillbetheonlypoliticalsystemforallcountries

　　andallpeoples,withafreemarkettomakethemallrich.Butbeforewegetthere,we’reengagedinastrugglebetweengoodandevil.Thegoodbelongstothosewhoaredemocraciesandarechargedwithamissionofspreadingitaroundtheglobe,sometimesbyforce,againsttheevilofthosewhodonotholdelections.Now.Thisstoryalsobecameabestseller.AccordingtotheFreedomHouse,thenumberofdemocracieswentfrom45in1970to115inXX.Inthelast20years,Westernelitestirelesslytrottedaroundtheglobesellingthisprospectus:

multiplepartiesfightforpoliticalpowerandeveryonevotingonthemistheonlypathtosalvationtothelong-sufferingdevelopingworld.Thosewhobuytheprospectusaredestinedforsuccess.Thosewhodonotaredoomedtofail.Butthistime,theChinesedidn’tbuyit.Foolmeonce…Therestishistory.Injust3pyears,Chinawentfromoneofthepoorestagriculturalcountriesintheworldtoitssecond-largesteconomy.Sixhundredfiftymillionpeoplewereliftedoutofpoverty.Eightypercentoftheentireworld’spovertyalleviationduringthatperiodhappenedinChina.Inotherwords,allthenewandolddemocraciesputtogetheramountedtoamerefractionofwhatasingle,one-partystatedidwithoutvoting.See,Igrewuponthisstuff:

foodstamps.Meatwasrationedtoafewhundredgramsperpersonpermonthatonepoint.Needlesstosay,Iatemygrandmother’sportions.SoIaskedmyself,what’swrongwiththispictureHereIaminmyhometown,mybusinessgrowingleapsandbounds.Entrepreneursarestartingcompanieseveryday.Middleclassisexpandinginspeedandscaleunprecedentedinhumanhistory.Yet,accordingtothegrandstory,noneofthisshouldbehappening.SoIwentanddidtheonlythingIcould.Istudiedit.Yes,Chinaisaone-partystaterunbytheChineseCommunistParty,theParty,andtheydon’tholdelections.Thereassumptionsaremadebythedominantpoliticaltheoriesofourtime.Suchasystemisoperationallyrigid,politicallyclosed,andmorallyillegitimate.Well,theassumptionsarewrong.Theoppositesaretrue.Adaptability,meritocracy,andlegitimacyarethethreedefiningcharacteristicsofChina’sone-partysystem.Now,mostpoliticalscientistswilltellusthataone-partysystemisinherentlyincapableofself-correction.Itwon’tlastlongbecauseitcannotadapt.Nowherearethefacts.In64yearsofrunningthelargestcountryintheworld,therangeoftheparty’spolicies

　　hasbeenwiderthananyothercountryinrecentmemory,fromradicallandcollectivizationtotheGreatLeapForward,thenprivatizationoffarmland,thentheCulturalRevolu