英语十大基础常考词汇.docx
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英语十大基础常考词汇
英语十大基础常考词汇
（一）go
goup\down上升\下降Thepriceskeepgoingup\downthesedays.
goaway离开Hewentawayfromhomelastyear.
goon继续let’sgoonwiththereading.\goondoingthereading.
goahead用吧--Wouldyoumindmysmokinghere?
--No,goahead.
goafter追求Whilemanypeoplegoafterfame,hegoesafterhappiness.
goby（时间）流逝Astimewentby,hecametoknowthevalueoflife.
goinfor参加--Whichsportdoyougoinfor?
--Football.
gooff（枪支等）走火Thegunwentoffquickly.
gothrough经历Hehasgonethroughalotofhardships.
goagainst违背Anyonewhogoesagainstnaturewillbepunished.
goover复习let’sgooverwhatwehavelearntsofar.
gowith与…相配Heboughtanewtietogowithhisnewsuit.
go+adj.\done：
gobad\crazy\hungeryFoodgoesbadeasilyinsummer.
gowithout在没有…继续Lifewon’tgowithoutwater.
gobackto追溯到…Thebuildinggoesbackto19thcentury.
（二）come
comein进来Comein,please.
comeup出现Manyproblemscameupatthemeetingyesterday.
comeout出来，出版Whenwillhisnewbookcomeout?
comeback回来HecamebackfromShanghaiyesterday.
comeabout发生Howdidtheaccidentcomeabout?
comeacross偶遇
1.Refertoyourdictionaryifyoucomeacrossanewword.
2.Icameacrossanoldfriendofmineonthestreetyesterday.
comedown下来Comedownquickly!
Itisdangerous!
comeoff脱落Abuttonhascomeoffmycoat.
comeon别担心，加油…
eg.Comeon,Don’tbesosad!
Everythingwillbeok.
cometooneself苏醒Hecametohimselftwohourslater.
cometrue（梦想）实现Mydreamhascometrue.
comeintopower掌权Hecameintopowerlastyear.
comeupwith想出Hecameupwithagoodidea.
（三）take
takeup占据（时间、空间）；从事（事业、爱好）；拿起
eg.1.Thetabletakesuptoomuchroom.
2.Hetookupgardeningafterheretired.
3.Theytookuptheirgunstofightfortheirfreedom.
takeon呈现；雇佣eg.1.Ourschoolhastakenonanewlook.
2.Theytook20moreworkersthisyear.
takeout拿出eg.Pleasetakeoutyourbook.
takesomethingforgranted认为…理所当然
eg.Don’ttakeeverythingyourparentsdoforyouforgranted.
takepainstodosomething努力做某事
eg.Theytookgreatpainstofinishtheworkontime.
takesomethingintoconsideration把….考虑在内
eg.Beforeyoumakethefinaldecision,youmusttakeeverythingintoconsideration.
takemeasurestodosomething采取措施做某事
eg.Measureshavebeentakentoprotectourenvironment.
takeafter（在长相或性格上）像某人（常之父母）
Hetookafterhisfathernotonlyinlooksbutalsoincharacter.
take…as把…理解成Wetookwhathesaidasagreement.
takeadvantageof利用
eg.Theytakeadvantageofthenewlibrarytoreadmorebooks.
takeinterestin对…感兴趣eg.Hetookgreatinterestinacting.
e
takepridein对…感到骄傲
eg.Hetookprideinhisson’sachievement.
takeplace发生
eg.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourhometown.
takein吸收；理解；包括；欺骗
eg.1.Eatmorevegetablestotakeinmorevitamins.
2.Don’tbetakeninbyhisappearance.
3.Theprofessor’slecturetookinmanysubjects.
4.Ididn’ttakeinwhatyousaidjustnow.
takedown写下，记下eg.Theytookdowneverythingtheteachersaid.
takeoff（飞机）起飞；（事业）腾飞
eg.1.Theplanetakesoffat6thisafternoon.
2.Afterthefilm,hiscareerbegantotakeoff.
takeAforB错把A当成B
eg.ItookMaryforhertwinsisterjustnow.
takenoticeof注意到Hetooknonoticeofthewarning.
takeover接管
eg.HongkonghasbeentakenoverbytheChinesegovernment.
taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事Theytookturnstocleantheroom.
（四）make
makeup弥补；化妆；组成；和好
1. Shemadeherselfupbeforegoingtotheparty.
2. Youmustmakeupforthelosttime.
3. Fiftystudentsmakeupourclass.
4. Theysoonmadeupafterthequarrel.
makeout看出,听出，辨认出
eg.Hedidn’tmakeouthervoiceoverthephone.
makesense有道理，讲得通
1. Whatyousaidjustnowdidn’tmakeanysensetome.
2. Canyoumakesenseofwhathesaidjustnow?
makeuseof利用Youshouldmakebetteruseofyourfreetime.
make….into把…制成Theyfinallymadethewoodintoanewdesk.
makeone’sbed整理床铺Shemadeherbedbeforeleavingtowork.
makeupone’smindtodosomething下定决心做某事
Wehavemadeupourmindtoachieveourgoal.
makealiving谋生Thefishermenmakealivingbyfishing.
makeone’sfortune发财
eg.Manypeoplewentsouthtomaketheirfortune.
makesomebodydo让某人做某事Theymadeussignournameshere.
makean….impressiononsomebody对某人留下…印象
ThefirsttimeImethim,hemadeadeepimpressiononme.
makeit做成某事
eg.Hepromisedtomakehisdreamcometrue,andhemadeit.
makeadecisiontodosomething决定做某事
eg.Adecisionhasbeenmadetocarryouttheplanatonce.
makeitaruletodosomething通常做某事
eg.Theymakeitaruletogetupearlyeverymorning.
makeoneselfheard\understood让自己被听到|被理解
eg.Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimselfheard.
（五）get
getup起床eg.Heusedtogetupearly.
getintoa\thehabitof养成…习惯
eg.Hehasgotintothehabitofgettingupearly.
getintotrouble陷入麻烦Heissaidtohavegotintotrouble.
getsomethingdone使某件事被做
eg.Hegothiswatchrepairedyesterday.
getpaid\changed\burnt得到付款|换衣服|烧伤
1.Hegotburntinthebigfire.2.Shegotchangedquickly.
getonwellwithsomebody与…相处融洽
getawayfrom离开
eg.Iwon’tbeabletogetawayfromtheofficebefore7.
getdowntodoingsomething开始做某事
eg.Let’sgetdowntoreadingnow.
getsomebodytodosomething让某人做某事
eg.Theygothimtorepairthemachinequickly..
getover克服Hegotoveralotofdifficulties.
getthrough完成；接通电话；花光
1. Wehavefinallygotthroughthework.
2. Couldyoupleasegetmethroughtothemanager.
3. Hehasgotthroughallthemoneyhegot.
geton\offabus上|下公汽
getin收割Thefarmersarebusygettinginthecrops.
getsb\sthdoing使某人|某物….起来
eg.Theymanagedtogetthecargoing.
（六）have
havesb.do让某人做某事
eg.ThebosshadTomdotheworkbyhimself.
havesth.done使某事被做
eg.1.Hehadhishaircutyesterday.
2.Hehadhislegbrokenintheaccident.
won’thavesb.doing不容许某人做某事
eg.Wewon’thaveyoutalkingsoloudlyinclass.
havesth.todo有事要做（主语就是动作的执行者）
eg.Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.
havesth.tobedone有事让别人做（主语不是动作的执行者）
eg.Hehadseveralletterstobetyped.
havesomethingtodowith与….有关
eg.Ihavenothingtodowiththecase.
havesomethingincommon有共同之处
eg.Theyhavealotincommonwitheachother,sotheybecomegoodfriends.
haveago\try要试一试
eg.Iwanttohaveago\try.
haveawordwithsb.与…聊天
eg.Iwanttohaveawordwithyou.
havewordswithsb.与…争吵
eg.Theyhadwordswitheachother,butsoonmadeup.
（七）set
setup建立
eg.TheyhavesetupanewbranchofficeinShenzhen.
setout动身，出发setouttodo着手做某事
eg.Whenwillyousetoutforshanghainextweek?
setoff出发；突然引起
1. TheysetoffforDalianyesterday.
2. Thequestionsetoffaheateddiscussion.
besetin以…为背景
eg.Thestorywassetinthe19thcentury.
setaside忽视；拨出….备将来之用
1.Let’ssetasideourpersonalfeelingsfirst,andgetdowntoworkimmediately.
2.Hesetsasideasumofmoneyeveryweekforfutureuse.
setaboutdoing开始做某事
eg.Theysetaboutrepairingthehouse.
setfireto放火烧（set….onfire使….着火）
eg.Whosetfiretothehouse?
|Whosetthehouseonfire?
setfree释放
eg.Theslavesweresetfreeatlast.
setthetable摆桌子
eg.Hehelpsetthetableandtheywerereadytohavedinner.
setadatefor为…确定日期
eg.Adatehasbeensetforthemeeting.
setsailfor起航前往
eg.TheydecidedtosetsailforDalianthenextday.
setsb.agoodexample为某人树立榜样
eg.Leifengsetagoodexampletous|Leifeisetusagoodexample.
（八）break
breakup（物理）碎裂；（关系）结束；驱散（人群）
1. Theirrelationshipbrokeupafterthequarrel.
2. Thepolicearetryingtobreakupthecrowd.
3. Theshipbrokeupontherocks.
breakdown（化学）分解；（车）抛锚；（计划）中途停止
1. Sugarbreaksupeasilyinthestomach.
2. Ourplanshavebrokenupbecauseofthemoney.
3. Thecomputerbrokedownsuddenly.
4. Mycarbrokedownhalfwayontheroad.
5. Shebrokedowncompletelyafterhearingthenews.
breakin插话；突然闯入（in是副词，后不带宾语）
1. Don’tbreakinwhileothersaretalking.
2. Hebrokeinsuddenlyandtoldustheexcitingnews.
breakinto突然闯入（into是介词，后带宾语）;突然开始（笑、哭）等
1. Whenhereachedhome,hefoundhishousebrokenintoandmanythingsstolen.
2. Thecrowdbrokeintoalaughterathisamusingstory.
breakout（战争、洪水、大火、疫病等）突然爆发（不及物动词短语）
1. Afirebrokeoutinthebuildinglastnight,causing10deathsand12injuries.
2. Hewas19whenthewarbrokeout.
breakawayfrom摆脱，挣脱
1. Thethiefistryingtobreakawayfromthepolice.
2. Hemanagedtobreakawayfromthebadhabit.
breakthrough突破;冲破（防线）
1. Scientistshavebrokenthroughintheirfightagainstcancer.
2. Thesoldiershavesucceededinbreakingthroughtheenemy’sdefense.
breakoff中途休息；折断（及物）
1. Shebrokeoffinthemiddleofthesentence.
2. Shebrokeoffapieceofchocolateandgaveittome.
breakone’sheart使某人伤心
eg.Hewenthome,withhisheartbroken.
breakthelaw违法
eg.Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.
breakone’sword\promise违背某人的诺言
eg.Hehasbrokenhiswordthathewillbuymeapresent.
breakaworldrecord破一项世界纪录
About16worldrecordshavebeenbrokensofar.
haveone’slegbroken腿折了Unfortunately,hehadhislegbrokenintheaccident.
（九）put
putup张贴；搭建；举起;忍受;留某人临时住宿
1. Theyputupanoticeonthewall.
2. Theyputupasmalltentonthecoast.
3. Pleaseputupyourhandifyouhaveaquestiontoask.
4. Icouldn’tputupwithhimanylonger.
5. Theoldmanputusupinthesmallvillage.
putaway把…收起来eg.Putthoseclothesaway,please.
putoff推迟eg.Themeetingwasputoffbecauseofthebadweather.
putforward提出（意见或建议）
eg.Theplanyouputforwardatthemeetingisprac
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