高级英语第二册修辞.docx

高级英语第二册修辞.docx

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高级英语第二册修辞

Lesson1

1Wecanbattendownandrideitout.--metaphor

2Everybodyoutthebackdoortothecars!

--ellipticalsentence

3Telephonepolesand20-inch-thickpinescrackedlikegunsasthewindssnappedthem.-simile

4SeveralvacationersattheluxuriousRichelieuApartmentsthereheldahurricanepartytowatchthestormfromtheirspectacularvantagepoint--transferredepithet

5Stripsofclothingfestoonedthestandingtrees,andblowndownpowerlinescoiledlikeblackspaghettiovertheroads-metaphor,simile

Lesson2

1Thelittlecrowdofmourners–allmenandboys,nowomen—threadedtheirwayacrossthemarketplacebetweenthepilesofpomegranatesandthetaxisandthecamels,wailingashortchantoverandoveragain.—ellipticalsentence

2Acarpentersitscross-leggedataprehistoriclathe,turningchair-legsatlightningspeed.—historicalpresent,transferredepithet

3Still,awhiteskinisalwaysfairlyconspicuous.—synecdoche

4AsthestorksflewnorthwardtheNegroesweremarchingsouthward—along,dustycolumn,infantry,screw-gunbatteries,adnthenmoreinfantry,fourorfivethousandmeninall,windinguptheroadwithaclumpingofbootsandaclatterofironwheels.—onomatopoeticwordssymbolism

5Nothostile,notcontemptuous,notsullen,noteveninquisitive.—ellipticalsentence

6Andreallyitwaslikewatchingaflockofcattletoseethelongcolumn,amileortwomilesofarmedmen,flowingpeacefullyuptheroad,whilethegreatwhitebirdsdriftedoverthemintheoppositedirection,glitteringlikescrapsofpaper.—simile

Lesson3

1Thefactthattheirmarriagesmaybeontherocks,orthattheirloveaffairshavebeenbrokenoreventhattheygotoutofbedonthewrongsideissimplynotaconcern.—metaphor

2TheyarelikethemusketeersofDumaswho,althoughtheylivedsidebysidewitheachother,didnotdelveinto,eachother’slivesortherecessesoftheirthoughtsandfeelings.—simile

3Itwasonsuchanoccasionteotherevening,astheconversationmoveddesultorilyhereandthere,fromthemostcommonplacetothoughtsofJupiter,withoutandfocusandwithnoneedforonethatsuddenlythealchemyofconversationtookplace,andallatoncetherwasafocus.—metaphor

4TheElizabethansblewonitasonadandelionclock,anditsseedsmultiplied,andfloatedtotheendsoftheearth.—simile

5Evenwiththemosteducatedandthemostliterate,theKing’sEnglishslipsandslidesinconversation.—metaphor,alliteration

6WhenE.M.Forsterwritesof“thesinistercorridorofourage,”wesitupatthevividnessofthephrase,theforceandeventerrorintheimage.—metaphor

Lesson4

1Letthewordgoforthfromthistimeandplace,tofriendandfoealike,thatthetorchhasbeenpassedtoanewgenerationofAmericans,borninthiscentury,temperedbywar,disciplinedbyahardandbitterpeace,proudofourancientheritage,andunwillingtowitnessorpermittheslowundoingofthesehumanrightstowhichthisnationhasalwaysbeencommitted,andtowhichwearecommittedtodayathomeandaroundtheworld.—alliteration

2Leteverynationknow,whetheritwishesuswellorill,thatweshallpayanyprice,bearanyburden,meetanyhardship,supporanyfriend,opposeanyfoetoassurethesurvivalandthesuccessofliberty.—parataxisconsonance

3United,thereislittlewecannotdoinahostofco-operativeventures.Divided,thereislittlewecando,forwedarenotmeetapowerfulchallengeatoddsandsplitasunder.—antithsis

4…inthepast,thosewhofoolishlysoughtpowerbyridingthebackofthetigerendedupinside.—metaphor

5Letusnevernegotiateoutoffear,butletusneverfeartonegotiate.—regression

6Allthiswillnotbefinishedinthefirstonehundreddays.—historicalallusion,climax

7Andso,myfellowAmericansasknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou;askwhatyoucandoforyourcountry.—contrast,winding

Lesson5

1CharlesLamb,asmerryandenterprisingafellowasyouwillmeetinamonthofSundays,unfetteredtheinformalessaywithhismemorableOldChinaandDream’sChildren.—metaphor

2Read,then,thefollowingessaywhichundertakestodemonstratethatlogic,farfrombeingadry,pedanticdiscipline,isaliving,breathingthing,fullofbeauty,passion,andtrauma.—metaphor,hyperbole

3Backandforthhisheadswiveled,desirewaxing,resolutionwaning.—antithesis

4What’sPollytome,ormetoPolly?

—parody

5Thisloomedasaprojectofnosmalldimensions,andatfirstIwastemptedtogiveherbacktoPetey.==understatement

6Maybesomewhereintheextinctcraterofhermind,afewembersstillsmoldered.MaybesomehowIcouldfanthemintoflame.—metaphor,extendedmetaphor

Lesson8

1Onespeaksof”humanrelations”andonemeansthemostinhumanrelations,thosebetweenalienatedautomatons;onespeaksofhappinessandmeanstheperfectroutinizationwhichhasdrivenoutthelastdoubtandallspontaneity.—parallism

Lesson10

1Theslightestmentionofthedecadebringsnostalgicrecollectionstothemiddle-agedandcuriousquestioningsbytheyoung:

memoriesofthedeliciouslyillicitthrillofthefirstvisittoaspeakeasy,ofthebravedenunciationgofPuritanmorality,andofthefashionableexperimentationsinamourintheparkedsedanonacountryroad;questionsaboutthenaughty,jazzyparties,theflask-toting”sheik”,andthemoralandstylisticvagariesofthe“flapper”andthe“drug-storecowboy”.—transferredepithet

2Second,intheUnitedStatesitwasreluctantlyrealizedbysome—subconsciouslyifnotopenly—thatourcountrywasnolongerisolatedineitherpoliticsortraditionandthatwehadreachedaninternationalstaturethatwouldforeverpreventusfromretreatingbehindtheartificialwallsofaprovincialmoralityorthegeographicalprotectionofourtwoborderingoceans.—metaphor

3Warornowar,asthegenerationspassed,itbecameincreasinglydifficultforouryoungpeopletoacceptstandardsofbehaviorthatborenorelationshiptothebustlingbusinessmediuminwhichtheywereexpectedtobattleforsuccess.—metaphor

4ThewaractedmerelyasacatalyticagentinthisbreakdownoftheVictoriansocialstructure,andbyprecipitationgouryoungpeopleintoapatternofmassmurderitreleasedtheirinhibitedviolentenergieswhich,aftertheshootingwasover,wereturnedinbothEuropeandAmericatothedestructionofanobsolescentnineteenthcenturysociety.—metaphor

5Theprolongedstalemateof1915-1916,theincreasinginsolenceofGermanytowardtheUnitedStates,andourofficialreluctancetodeclareourstatusasabelligerentwereintolerabletomanyofouridealisticcitizens,andwithtypicalAmericanadventurousnessenhancedsomewhatbythestrenuousjingoismofTheodoreRoosevelt,ouryoungmenbegantoenlistunderforeignflags.—metonymy

6Theirenergieshadbeenwhippedupandtheirnaivetedestroyedbythewarandnow,insleepyGopherPrairiesalloverthecountry,theywerebeingaskedtocurbthoseenergiesandresumetheposeofself-deceivingVictorianinnocencethattheynowfelttobeasoutmodedasthenotionthattheirfightinghad”madetheworldsafefordemocracy”.—metaphor

7Afterthewar,itwasonlynaturalthathopefulyoungwriters,theirmindsandpensinflamedagainstwar,Babbittry,and”Puritanical”gentility,shouldflocktothetraditionalartisticcenter（wherelivingwasstillcheapin1919）topourouttheirnew-foundcreativestrength,toteardowntheoldworld,toflouthtmoralityoftheirgrandfathers,andtogivealltoart,love,andsensation.—metonymysynecdoche

8Youngerbrothersandsistersofthewargeneration,whohadbeenplayingwithmarblesanddollsduringthebattlesofBelleauWoodandChateau-Thierry,andwhohadsufferednorealdisillusionmentorsenseofloss,nowbegantoimitatethemannersoftheireldersandplaywiththetoysofvulgarrebellion.—metaphor

9Thesedefectswoulddisappearifonlycreativeartwereallowedtoshowthewaytobetterthings,butsincethecountrywasblindanddeaftoeverythingsavetheglintandringofthedollar,therewaslittleremedyforthesensitivemindbuttoemigratetoEuropewhere”theydothingsbetter.”—personification,metonymy,synecdoche