考研英语阅读理解练习题及答案.docx
《考研英语阅读理解练习题及答案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《考研英语阅读理解练习题及答案.docx(10页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
考研英语阅读理解练习题及答案
考研英语阅读理解练习题及答案
要在考研英语考试之前,好好训练自己的阅读能力的话,非做题莫属了。
下面是给大家整理的考研英语阅读理解练习题及答案,供大家参阅!
2002年全国考研英语阅读真题1SectionIIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
Ifyouintendusinghumorinyourtalktomakepeoplesmile,youmustknowhowtoidentifysharedexperiencesandproblems.Yourhumormustberelevanttotheaudienceandshouldhelptoshowthemthatyouareoneofthemorthatyouunderstandtheirsituationandareinsympathywiththeirpointofview.Dependingonwhomyouareaddressing,theproblemswillbedifferent.Ifyouaretalkingtoagroupofmanagers,youmayrefertothedisorganizedmethodsoftheirsecretaries;alternativelyifyouareaddressingsecretaries,youmaywanttocommentontheirdisorganizedbosses.
Hereisanexample,whichIheardatanursesconvention,ofastorywhichworkswellbecausetheaudienceallsharedthesameviewofdoctors.AmanarrivesinheavenandisbeingshownaroundbySt.Peter.Heseeswonderfulaccommodations,beautifulgardens,sunnyweather,andsoon.Everyoneisverypeaceful,politeandfriendlyuntil,waitinginalineforlunch,thenewarrivalissuddenlypushedasidebyamaninawhitecoat,whorushestotheheadoftheline,grabshisfoodandstompsovertoatablebyhimself.Whoisthat?
thenewarrivalaskedSt.Peter.Oh,thatsGod,camethereply,butsometimeshethinkshesadoctor.
Ifyouarepartofthegroup,whichyouareaddressing,youwillbeinapositiontoknowtheexperiencesandproblemswhicharecommontoallofyouanditllbeappropriateforyoutomakeapassingremarkabouttheinediblecanteenfoodorthechairmansnotoriousbadtasteinties.Withotheraudiencesyoumustntattempttocutinwithhumorastheywillresentanoutsidermakingdisparagingremarksabouttheircanteenortheirchairman.YouwillbeonsafergroundifyousticktoscapegoatslikethePostOfficeorthetelephonesystem.
Ifyoufeelawkwardbeinghumorous,youmustpracticesothatitbecomesmorenatural.Includeafewcasualandapparentlyoff-the-cuffremarkswhichyoucandeliverinarelaxedandunforcedmanner.Oftenitsthedeliverywhichcausestheaudiencetosmile,sospeakslowlyandrememberthataraisedeyebroworanunbelievinglookmayhelptoshowthatyouaremakingalight-heartedremark.
Lookforthehumor.Itoftencomesfromtheunexpected.AtwistonafamiliarquoteIfatfirstyoudontsucceed,giveuporaplayonwordsoronasituation.Searchforexaggerationandunderstatements.Lookatyourtalkandpickoutafewwordsorsentenceswhichyoucanturnaboutandinjectwithhumor.
41.Tomakeyourhumorwork,youshould________.
[A]takeadvantageofdifferentkindsofaudience
[B]makefunofthedisorganizedpeople
[C]addressdifferentproblemstodifferentpeople
[D]showsympathyforyourlisteners
42.Thejokeaboutdoctorsimpliesthat,intheeyesofnurses,theyare________.
[A]impolitetonewarrivals
[B]veryconsciousoftheirgodlikerole
[C]entitledtosomeprivileges
[D]verybusyevenduringlunchhours
43.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatpublicservices________.
[A]havebenefitedmanypeople
[B]arethefocusofpublicattention
[C]areaninappropriatesubjectforhumor
[D]haveoftenbeenthelaughingstock
44.Toachievethedesiredresult,humorousstoriesshouldbedelivered________.
[A]inwell-wordedlanguage
[B]asawkwardlyaspossible
[C]inexaggeratedstatements
[D]ascasuallyaspossible
45.Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe________.
[A]UseHumorEffectively
[B]VariousKindsofHumor
[C]AddHumortoSpeech
[D]DifferentHumorStrategies
2002年全国考研英语阅读真题2Text2
Sincethedawnofhumaningenuity,peoplehavedevisedevermorecunningtoolstocopewithworkthatisdangerous,boring,burdensome,orjustplainnasty.Thatcompulsionhasresultedinrobotics--thescienceofconferringvarioushumancapabilitiesonmachines.Andifscientistshaveyettocreatethemechanicalversionofsciencefiction,theyhavebeguntocomeclose.
Asaresult,themodernworldisincreasinglypopulatedbyintelligentgizmoswhosepresencewebarelynoticebutwhoseuniversalexistencehasremovedmuchhumanlabor.Ourfactorieshumtotherhythmofrobotassemblyarms.Ourbankingisdoneatautomatedtellerterminalsthatthankuswithmechanicalpolitenessforthetransaction.Oursubwaytrainsarecontrolledbytirelessrobot-drivers.Andthankstothecontinualminiaturizationofelectronicsandmicro-mechanics,therearealreadyrobotsystemsthatcanperformsomekindsofbrainandbonesurgerywithsubmillimeteraccuracy--fargreaterprecisionthanhighlyskilledphysicianscanachievewiththeirhandsalone.
Butifrobotsaretoreachthenextstageoflaborsavingutility,theywillhavetooperatewithlesshumansupervisionandbeabletomakeatleastafewdecisionsforthemselves--goalsthatposearealchallenge.Whileweknowhowtotellarobottohandleaspecificerror,saysDaveLavery,managerofaroboticsprogramatNASA,wecantyetgivearobotenoughcommonsensetoreliablyinteractwithadynamicworld.
Indeedthequestfortrueartificialintelligencehasproducedverymixedresults.Despiteaspellofinitialoptimisminthe1960sand1970swhenitappearedthattransistorcircuitsandmicroprocessorsmightbeabletocopytheactionofthehumanbrainbytheyear2010,researcherslatelyhavebeguntoextendthatforecastbydecadesifnotcenturies.
Whattheyfound,inattemptingtomodelthought,isthatthehumanbrainsroughlyonehundredbillionnervecellsaremuchmoretalented--andhumanperceptionfarmorecomplicated--thanpreviouslyimagined.Theyhavebuiltrobotsthatcanrecognizetheerrorofamachinepanelbyafractionofamillimeterinacontrolledfactoryenvironment.Butthehumanmindcanglimpsearapidlychangingsceneandimmediatelydisregardthe98percentthatisirrelevant,instantaneouslyfocusingonthemonkeyatthesideofawindingforestroadorthesinglesuspiciousfaceinabigcrowd.ThemostadvancedcomputersystemsonEarthcantapproachthatkindofability,andneuroscientistsstilldontknowquitehowwedoit.
46.Humaningenuitywasinitiallydemonstratedin________.
[A]theuseofmachinestoproducesciencefiction
[B]thewideuseofmachinesinmanufacturingindustry
[C]theinventionoftoolsfordifficultanddangerouswork
[D]theelitescunningtacklingofdangerousandboringwork
47.Thewordgizmos(Line1,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans________.
[A]programs
[B]experts
[C]devices
[D]creatures
48.Accordingtothetext,whatisbeyondmansabilitynowistodesignarobotthatcan________.
[A]fulfilldelicatetaskslikeperformingbrainsurgery
[B]interactwithhumanbeingsverbally
[C]havealittlecommonsense
[D]respondindependentlytoachangingworld
49.Besidesreducinghumanlabor,robotscanalso________.
[A]makeafewdecisionsforthemselves
[B]dealwithsomeerrorswithhumanintervention
[C]improvefactoryenvironments
[D]cultivatehumancreativity
50.Theauthorusestheexampleofamonkeytoarguethatrobotsare________.
[A]expectedtocopyhumanbrainininternalstructure
[B]abletoperceiveabnormalitiesimmediately
[C]farlessablethanhumanbraininfocusingonrelevantinformation
[D]bestusedinacontrolledenvironment
2002年全国考研英语阅读真题3Text3
Couldthebadolddaysofeconomicdeclinebeabouttoreturn?
SinceOPECagreedtosupply-cutsinMarch,thepriceofcrudeoilhasjumpedtoalmost$26abarrel,upfromlessthan$10lastDecember.Thisnear-triplingofoilpricescallsupscarymemoriesofthe1973oilshock,whenpricesquadrupled,and1979-80,whentheyalsoalmosttripled.Bothpreviousshocksresultedindouble-digitinflationandglobaleconomicdecline.Sowherearetheheadlineswarningofgloomanddoomthistime?
TheoilpricewasgivenanotherpushupthisweekwhenIraqsuspendedoilexports.Strengtheningeconomicgrowth,atthesametimeaswintergripsthenorthernhemisphere,couldpushthepricehigherstillintheshortterm.
Yettherearegoodreasonstoexpecttheeconomicconsequencesnowtobelessseverethaninthe1970s.Inmostcountriesthecostofcrudeoilnowaccountsforasmallershareofthepriceofpetrolthanitdidinthe1970s.InEurope,taxesaccountforuptofour-fifthsoftheretailprice,soevenquitebigchangesinthepriceofcrudehaveamoremutedeffectonpumppricesthaninthepast.
Richeconomiesarealsolessdependentonoilthantheywere,andsolesssensitivetoswingsintheoilprice.Energyconservation,ashifttootherfuelsandadeclineintheimportanceofheavy,energy-intensiveindustrieshavereducedoilconsumption.Software,consultancyandmobiletelephonesusefarlessoilthansteelorcarproduction.ForeachdollarofGDP(inconstantprices)richeconomiesnowusenearly50%lessoilthanin1973.TheOECDestimatesinitslatestEconomicOutlookthat,ifoilpricesaveraged$22abarrelforafullyear,comparedwith$13in1998,thiswouldincreasetheoilimportbillinricheconomiesbyonly0.25-0.5%ofGDP.Thatislessthanone-quarteroftheincomelossin1974or1980.Ontheotherhand,oil-importingemergingeconomies--towhichheavyindustryhasshifted--havebecomemoreenergy-intensive,andsocouldbemoreseriouslysqueezed.
Onemorereasonnottolosesleepovertheriseinoilpricesisthat,unliketherisesinthe1970s,ithasnotoccurredagainstthebackgroundofgeneralcommodity-priceinflation