一轮复习高考英语任务型阅读试题附答案.docx
《一轮复习高考英语任务型阅读试题附答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《一轮复习高考英语任务型阅读试题附答案.docx（109页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
一轮复习高考英语任务型阅读试题附答案
一轮复习高考英语任务型阅读试题（附答案）
一、高中英语任务型阅读
1．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.________
Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.________Weknowthat,whileawake,freshmemoriesarerecordedbyreinforcing（加强）connectionsbetweenbraincells,butthememoryprocessesthattakeplacewhilewesleephavebeenunclear.
Supportisgrowingforatheorythatsleepevolvedsothatconnectionsbetweenneurons（神经元）inthebraincanbeweakenedovernight,makingroomforfreshmemoriestoformthenextday.________
Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthatheisright.________Thesynapsesinthemicetakenattheendofaperiodofsleepwere18percentsmallerthanthosetakenbeforesleep,showingthattheconnectionsbetweenneuronsweakenwhilesleeping.
IfTononi'stheoryisright,itwouldexplainwhy,whenwemissanight's,wefinditharderthenextdaytoconcentrateandlearnnewinformation—ourbrainsmayhavesmallerroomfornewexperiences.
Theirresearchalsosuggestshowwemaybuildlastingmemoriesovertimeeventhoughthesynapsesbecomethinner.Theteamdiscoveredthatsomesynapsesseemtobeprotectedandstayedthesamesize.________"Youkeepwhatmatters,"Tononisays.
A.Weshouldalsotrytosleepwellthenightbefore.
B.It'sasifthebrainispreservingitsmostimportantmemories.
C.That'swhystudentsdobetterintestsiftheygetachancetosleepafterlearning.
D.Similarly,whenpeoplegoforafewdayswithoutsleeping,theygetsick.
E.Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwithmemories.
F.Tononi'steammeasuredthesizeoftheseconnections,orsynapses,inthebrainsof12mice.
G."Sleepisthepricewepayforlearning,"saysGiulioTononi,whodevelopedtheidea.
【答案】D；C；G；F；B
【解析】文章大意：
这是一篇说明文。
主要介绍了睡觉对神经元的影响。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据上一句的Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.实验室的小老鼠若不让它睡觉，它不到一个月就死了，可知，D项“同样，人若几天不睡觉就会生病。
”最切题。
故答案选D。
（2）考查细节理解。
结合上文提到睡眠帮助我们加强记忆，而C项中说“这就是为什么学生在学习之后有机会睡一觉的话，考试的成绩会更好。
”由此可知，C项最切题。
故答案选C。
（3）考查推理判断。
结合上文，上文提及的是一个理论，选项G中的“GiulioTononi,whodevelopedtheidea.朱莉奥是提出这个理论的人”正好呼应，故答案选G。
（4）考查推理判断。
根据下文可知，老鼠在睡眠结束时，突触会变小18%，表明睡眠时神经元会变弱，F项“托诺尼的团队测量了12只老鼠的大脑”与下文最呼应，故答案选F。
（5）细节理解。
根据上文讲述神经元虽然会变弱，但有些神经元会保持不变，再结合下文说，你记住了最重要的事，由此可知，B项“大脑似乎会保护最重要的记忆”与上下文的衔接最好。
故答案选B。
【点评】七选五题型解题技巧：
在答题中，应首先略读一下短文，了解一下短文的大致意思，然后把几个选项含义理解透，尤其注意意思相近，表达有交叉的选项之间的区别。
然后再细读短文，把答案填入合适位置。
答题时可以把含义相近的几个选项轮流填入同一处位置，反复阅读，反复体会，找出最佳选项，对于实在没有把握的小题可以留待最后完成。
完成短文后，再认真通读一遍全文，看看上下语意是否通顺，是否符合逻辑关系。
2．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Mostofusleadunhealthylives;wespendfartoomuchsittingdown.Ifinadditionwearecarelessaboutourdiets,ourbodiessoonbecomelooseandfattyandoursystemsslowmoving.
________Iamthinkingofsuchfeaturesofmoderncitylifeaspollution,noise,rushedmealsandstress.Butkeepingfitisawaytoreducetheeffectsoftheseevils.Theusualsuggestiontoapersonwhoislookingforawaytokeepfitistotakeupsomesportorother.Whileitistruethateveryweekendyouwillfindpeopleplayingfootballandhockeyinthelocalpark,theyareoutnumberedahundredtoonebythepeoplewhoaresimplywatchingthem.
Forthosewhodonotparticularlyenjoycompetitivesports—________—therearesuchseparateactivitiesascycling,walking,joggingandswimming.Whatoftenhappensthoughisthatyoudotheminsuchaleisurelyway,soslowly,thatitisdoubtfulifyouaredoingyourselfmuchgood,exceptforthefactthatyouhaveatleastmanagedtogetupoutofyourarmchair.
Evenafteryouhavefoundawayforkeepinginshape,throughsportorgymnastics,________,because,accordingtotheexperts,youmustalsomastertheartofcompletementalandphysicalrelaxation.________Yoga,aspracticedintheWest,isthemostwidelyknownandpopularofthesystemsforachievingthenecessarystateofrelaxation.Itseemsironical（讽刺性的）,though,thatasourliveshaveimprovedinamaterialsensewehavefounditincreasinglynecessarytogobacktoformsofactivity—________—whichwerethenaturalwayoflifeofourforefathers.
A.beactiveandpractiseYoga
B.Therearesomeaspectsofourunhealthylivesthatwecannotavoid.
C.anditisespeciallydifficulttodosoifyouarenotgoodatthem
D.physicaleffortontheonehandandrelaxationontheother
E.theyspentmostofthetimeoutofdoors
F.youarestillonlyhalfwaytogoodhealth
G.Ithastodowithdeepbreathing,emptyingyourmindofallthoughts,meditation,andsoon.
【答案】B；C；F；G；D
【解析】文章大意：
这是一篇说明文。
主要讲述作者针对如何保持身体健康这一问题给出了一些建议。
（1）考查上下文的语境理解。
由Iamthinkingofsuchfeaturesofmoderncitylifeaspollution,noise,rushedmealsandstress.Butkeepingfitisawaytoreducetheeffectsoftheseevils.可知这里意思是我们不健康的生活中，有些方面是无法避免的，故答案选B。
（2）考查上下文的语境理解。
由Forthosewhodonotparticularlyenjoycompetitivesports—以及—therearesuchseparateactivitiesascycling,walking,joggingandswimming.可知如果你不擅长它们，做这些运动将特别困难，故答案选C。
（3）考查上下文的语境理解。
由because,accordingtotheexperts,youmustalsomastertheartofcompletementalandphysicalrelaxation.可知这里意思是你仍然在身体健康的半路上，故答案选F。
（4）考查上下文的语境理解。
Yoga,aspracticedintheWest,isthemostwidelyknownandpopularofthesystemsforachievingthenecessarystateofrelaxation.这里提到了怎么做瑜伽，故答案选G。
（5）考查上下文的语境理解。
由Itseemsironical（讽刺性的）,though,thatasourliveshaveimprovedinamaterialsensewehavefounditincreasinglynecessarytogobacktoformsofactivity—以及—whichwerethenaturalwayoflifeofourforefathers.可知这里意思是一方面体力耗费，另一方面放松，故答案选D。
【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤
1）分析选项，串联主题：
了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。
2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。
3）复读短文，核对答案：
为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。
3．任务型阅读
Greenisnotalwaysreferringtothecolor.Insomecases,itisthetermusedforbeingenvironmentallyfriendly.Ifyou'vebeenlookingtoreplaceyourfurniture,considergoinggreenbecauseenvironmentallyfriendlyfurnitureoffersmanybenefits.Hereareafewtipstogetyoustartedonyourhuntfortheperfecteco-friendlyfurniture.
First,environmentallyfriendlyfurnitureisn'tharmfultoyourhealth.Alsoitsmanufacturingprocessdoesn'tcausedamagetotheenvironmentinanyway.Besides,bypurchasingeco-friendlyproducts,youpreventdeforestationandglobalwarmingtosomeextentinyourownway.Youdoyourpartinprotectingtheenvironment.Environmentallyfriendlyfurnitureiscost-effectiveaswell.
Thematerialsthatareusedinfurniturearewhatmakethemgreen.Materialscanbegoodfortheenvironmenteitherbecausetheyarematerialsthatareconsideredrenewableresourcesortheyareallnatural.Alackofchemicalsandtoxins（毒素）ingreenfurniturealsomeansitisabetterchoicefortheenvironment.Itmaybehardtoimaginethatasofaoratablecouldactuallybeagreenproductbuttheyreallycanbedependingonwhatthey'remadeof.
Therearealotofrenewablesourcesthatmanufacturerscouldusewhenbuildingthefurniture,soyoushouldbekeepinganeyeoutforthem.Bamboocanbeanexcellentreplacementforwoodandcanalsoreplaceplasticsandmetalsinsomefurnishing.Cottonisasofafabricthatissafefortheenvironmentanditcanbereplenished（补充）often.Hempisalsoarenewablesourcethatcanbeusedforfabricandtwine.
Recycledmaterialsalsocanbemadeintogreenfurniture.Metalscanberecoveredandremadeintonewthingssuchasframesandfoundationsforsofas.Recycledplasticcanalsobemadeintofurnituresuchastablesandchairs.Touchingupoldfurnitureinsteadofbuyingnewitemsisverycheapwaytobegreen.Yardsalesandsecond-handstoressellfurnituretooandbuyingtheusedmeansnewthingswon'tbemade,sonomoredamagehastohappentotheearth.
Therefore,whenyouwanttohuntfortheperfectenvironmentallyfriendlyfurniture,youshouldtrytoknowthetypeofmaterialswhichareusedinbuildingthefurniture.
Environmentallyfriendlyfurniture
________
●Itis________ toyourhealth
●Itsmanufacturingprocess________damagingtheenvironmentinanyway.
●Itpreventsdeforestationandglobalwarmingtosomeextent
●Ithelpsyou________somemoneyaswell.
Requirementsofthematerials
●Thematerialsshouldberenewableandnatural
●Thematerials________fewerchemicalsandtoxins.
Materialsoftenusedingreenfurniture
Renewablematerials
●Bamboocanbeusedto________wood,plasticsandmetals.
●Cottonisasoftfabricwhichcanbeoftenreplenished.
●Hempisalsoagoodmaterial.
Recycledmaterials
●Metalscanberecoveredand________tomakenewthings________framesandfoundationsforsofas.
●Recycledplasticscanbemadeintotablesandchairs.
●Purchasing________furnitureisalsoagoodidea
conclusion
Itis________toknowthetypeofmaterialsusedinthefurniturewhileyou'rehuntingfortheperfecteco-friendlyfurniture.
【答案】Benefits/Advantages；harmless/beneficial；avoids；save；contain/have；replace；reused/recycled/used；like；second-hand/used/old；better/necessary/important/vital/essential
【解析】【分析】如果你想换家俱，可以考虑选择绿色环保家俱，本文主要介绍了环保家俱的优势以及这种家俱材料的选择等有关事宜。
（1）根据右栏中可知，所列内容都是Environmentallyfriendlyfurniture的优势，可知答案为Benefits/Advantages。
（2）根据第二段第一句environmentallyfriendlyfurnitureisn'tharmfultoyourhealth.（环保家俱对你的身体是没害的。
）可知，答案为harmless/beneficial。
（3）根据第二段第二句Alsoitsmanufacturingprocessdoesn'tcausedamagetotheenvironmentinanyway.（在某种程度上它的制作过程也没有对环境引起伤害。
）可知，答案为avoids。
（4）根据第二段最后一句Environmentallyfriendlyfurnitureiscost-effectiveaswell.（环保家具也能帮助你节约钱。
）可知，答案为save。
（5）根据第三段中Alackofchemicalsandtoxins（毒素）ingreenfurniturealsomeansitisabetterchoicefortheenvironment.（这种材料含有较少的化学物质和毒素。
）可知，答案为contain/have。
升级会员 