完整word版中考完型填空专题复习总结推荐文档.docx
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完整word版中考完型填空专题复习总结推荐文档
完形填空答题技巧（上下文+逻辑+固定搭配+语法+背景知识）
完形填空题篇幅一般150~250个词, 以故事性题材居多, 体裁以记叙文或夹叙夹议文为主。
多数完形填空设10空或15空, 考点主要涉及词汇、语法及对短文内容的理解。
近几年中考完形填空的命题有以下趋势:
1. 在命题角度上体现“突出语篇”的命题原则, 即“突出语意填空, 削减语法填空, 以考查理解能力为主”; 2. 在题材上将更加贴近学生、贴近生活、内容新颖, 富有时代气息。
一．完型填空试题主要特点：
1. 文章中设空15个.首句不挖空；
从历年的试题可以看出，完形填空所采用的短文一般不给标题，且首句往往不设空，通常是个完整的句子。
这个句子往往是全文的关键句，它是了解全文的窗口，常常包含对解题有用的信息，因此要注重细读首句，并据此来判断文章的体裁，题材，推测全文的主旨和大意，推断故事发生的人物、地点、时间、气氛等多方面的特征，争取开局顺利。
2.干扰项设计严密.一般情况下，选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上一般不存在错误，对考生有很大的迷惑作用；
3.突出语篇（语境），强调应用，注重交际；
4.大多富有积极的教育意义，给人以人生的启迪或是充满了生活情趣；
二．完型填空考查内容
1、context（上下文、语境）
2、logic（逻辑）
3、regularcollocation（固定搭配）
4、grammaranalysis（语法分析）
5、backgroundknowledge（背景知识）
三．完形填空的解题总则-------把握整体具体分析
四．完形填空的解题步骤
（1）利用首句提示
（2）在掌握文章大意、弄清作者意图的基础上，根据标志性词汇或句子，推断该语境的未知信息（3）应特别注意空格前后所出现的相关词语，尤其注意找出其中重复出现的暗示性词语。
（4）最后，全面复核检查，合理修正答案。
借助补全的空缺，再次细读全文，反复斟酌。
两忌讳：
忌把完形填空当单项选择（答案不仅要在原句中合理，也要在全文中合理，要有全局观。
）；忌忽略语境。
跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意=2min
瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破=10min
再读全文，反复检查，验证答案=2min
五．完型填空解题口诀：
把握全文明主线，固定搭配记心间，原词再现莫错过，上下求索是关键。
6．完形填空的解题方法
1.充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。
这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。
注意上下文语境
2.注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。
掌握习惯搭配
3.注意同义词的辨义运用词义辨析
４.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词
5.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项运用逻辑分析
6.根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项了解常识背景
7.根据作者的态度，观点，情绪来确定相关选项
+运用语法分析运用排除法
为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多?
1.没有严格遵循答题步骤:
很多考生一拿到完形填空题就急于选择答案，不认真分析通篇文章，单纯求快，忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构。
表面上解题速度挺快，但是这种见树不见林的做法只会影响解题的质量和效率。
切记:
一定要用2-3分钟时间先进行缺词阅读,弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空.
2.不注意积累答题技巧:
a.忽略文章首句的提示作用；
b.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;
c.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.
3.时间安排不当:
在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。
切记:
正确的做法是由易到难，先做会做的，再考虑较难的。
强烈推荐：
如尚有几题题目不确定可将某题的可能的两项填入空格,然后快速地整句整段地默读,选择某一项习惯或短语或动宾搭配读起来较流畅的.
TipstoCloseTest:
1．注重首、尾句。
2．克服畏难、急躁情绪,耐心通读全文。
3．切勿看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。
4．动笔时先易后难,注意从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。
5．如果选项从语法角度无法确定，则必须从语篇（前提示、后暗示）意义上加以鉴别。
2016真题
完形填空 （每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Theworldneedsloveandmanypeopleneedourhelp.Severalyearsago,myteachersaskedmetotakepartinaprogramthathelpsthosewhoare31.Eachweek,Ispendanhourintheclassroomhelpingwithschoolwork,artproject,gamesandother32,includingeating.Mymotherisateacher,soIamusedtohelpingchildren;however,Ifoundthatworkingwithchildrenwithspecialneedswould33mylifeforever.
Atfirst,Ithoughtitwouldbe34tobewiththechildrenwhoaresodifferent,butgraduallyIfoundthere'ssomethingspecialaboutthesestudents.Sotherewasnoneedtoworryaboutit.EachThursdayIwaswelcomedbythesmilingfacesofThomas,JoeyandMissy.Thomashastositonthewheelchair.Hecommunicateswithsimplewords35yesorno.Joey,adeafgirl,alwayswelcomedmewithabigsmile.Missywasbornwithakindof36anditmakesherreallysmallforherage.Inanormalclassroom,itwouldbecommontohearateachercomfortachildwhoistappinghispencil,speaking37ormakingunnecessarynoises.However,here,shouts,cries,andothernoisesare38．They'resignsofexcitementanddifferentwaysofcommunicating.Workingwithchildrenwithspecialneedshaschangedmylife.Ithasmademe39others'needs.Oneofmyteachersbelievesthatweshouldbepartofsomethingbiggerthan40.IneverrealizedhowtruethiswasuntilIworkedwiththesechildren.Ibelieveeveryoneshouldgetoutanddosomethingthatmakesadifference.
31．A．uneducatedB．homelessC．disabled
32．A．coursesB．competitionsC．activities
33．A．changeB．wasteC．save
34．A．nervousB．relaxingC．lively
35．A．exceptB．likeC．against
36．A．abilityB．illnessC．habit
37．A．clearlyB．politelyC．loudly
38．A．mentionedB．stoppedC．encouraged
39．A．refuseB．noticeC．influence
40．A．ourselvesB．yourselvesC．themselves．
2015真题
2、完形填空
YesterdayisFather'sDay.Manythingshappeningbetweenmyfatherandmecrowdedmymind.Butonethingmadeadeepimpressiononme.
ItwasaSundaymorning,andIwasina16mood（情绪）.Twoofmyfriendshadgonetothemoviesthenightbeforeandhadn'tinvitedme.Iwasinmyroom17waystomakethemsorrywhenmyfathercamein."Wanttogoforaridetoday,Beck?
It'sabeautifulday."
"No!
Leavemealone!
"Thosewerethe18wordsIsaidtohimthatmorning.
Myfriendscalledand19metogotothemallwiththemafewhourslater.Iforgottobe20withthemandthenwentwiththem.WhenIcamehome,Ifounda21onthetable.MymotherputitwhereIwouldbesuretoseeit."Dadhashadan22.PleasemeetusatHighlandParkHospital."
WhenIreachedthehospital,mymothercameoutandtoldmeacarhitmyfatherandhisinjurieswereextensive（大面积的）."Yourfathertoldthedrivertoleave23aloneandjustcall911,thankGod!
Ifhehadmoveddaddy…"
Mymothermayhavesaidmore,butIdidn'thear.Ididn'thearanything24thoseterriblewords:
Leavemealone.Mydadsaidtheminorderto25himself.Hedidn'twanttobehurtmore.HowmuchhadIhurthim26Ishoutedoutthosewordsathimearlierintheday?
Itwasseveraldayslaterthathewas27abletohaveatalk.Iheldhishandgently,afraidofhurtinghim.
"Daddy…Iamsosorry…"
"It'sokay,sweetheart.I'llbeokay."
"No,"Isaid,"Imeanabout28Isaidtoyouthatday.Youknow,thatmorning?
"
Helookedatmeandsaid,"Sweetheart,Iremember29aboutthatday,notbefore,duringoraftertheaccident.Iremembertellingyougoodnightthenightbefore,though."Hemanagedaweaksmile.
MyEnglishteacheroncetoldmethatwordshavegreatpower.Theycanhurtortheycanheal（治愈）.Andweallhavethepowerto30ourwords.Iamgoingtodothatverycarefullyfromnowon.
16.A.goodB.terribleC.peaceful
17.A.thinkingupB.givingupC.lookingup
18.A.commonB.lastC.careless
19.A.ledB.encouragedC.invited
20.A.strictB.angryC.pleased
21.A.letterB.diaryC.note
22.A.accidentB.illnessC.examination
23.A.meB.himC.her
24.A.exceptB.amongC.towards
25.A.hideB.saveC.express
26.A.whenB.untilC.before
27.A.reallyB.finallyC.suddenly
28.A.howB.whyC.what
29.A.somethingB.everythingC.nothing
30.A.keepB.chooseC.understand
2014
Eachofusfailsfromtimetotime.Ifwearewise,havingenoughexperienceandknowledge,weregardthesefailures（失败）asanecessaryand 31 partoflearning.Butoftenasparentsandteachers,wedon't 32 thisright（权利）toourchildren.
Donniewasathirdgraderinmyclass.His 33 aboutfailurekepthimfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenenjoyed.He 34 answeredmyquestions — hewasafraidofmakingmistakes.
Itriedmy best tobuild his self-confidence.Butnothingchanged 35 midterm,whenMary,anewteacher,came.Shewasyoungandpretty,andshewaslovedbyeverystudent36 Donnie.ItwasherwhomadeabigdifferencetoDonnielater.
Onemorning,theyweredoingmathproblemsattheblackboard.Donniehadcopiedtheproblemsclearlyand 37 .Buthe'dmissedthefourthproblemsandbegantocrywithhisheadinhisarms.
Ididn'tknowwhattodo.Suddenly,asmile 38 onMary'sface.Fromthedeskshegota box 39 pencil."Look,Donnie,"shesaidgently,kneeling（蹲在）besidehim."I'vegotsomethingto 40 you."Sheremovethepencils,oneatatime,andplacedthemon his desk.
"Seethesepencils,Donnie,"shecontinued."They 41 MrsLandonandme.Seehowtheerasersareworn（磨损）？
That'sbecausewemakemistakestoo.Butweerasethemistakesandtryagain.That'swhatyou 42 learntodo,too."
Shekissedhimandstoodup,"Here,"shesaid,I'llleaveoneofthesepencilson 43desk,soyou'llrememberthateverybodymakesmistakes,eventeachers."Donnielookedupwith 44 in his eyesandasmile.
ThepencilbecameDonnie'sprize.That,togetherwithMary'sencouragement,graduallymadehimunderstand 45 themeaningofmakingmistakesis — it'sallrighttomakemistakes,aslongasyouerasethemandtryagain.
（ ）31.A.similar B.active C.important
（ ）32.A.offer B.pass C.send
（ ）33.A.puzzle B.worry C.complaint
（ ）34.A.always B.usually C.seldom
（ ）35.A.since B.after C.until
（ ）36.A.including B.except C.without
（ ）37.A.simply B.carefully C.casually
（ ）38.A.Appeared B.froze C.disappeared
（ ）39.A.madeof B.coveredby C.filledwith
（ ）40.A.tell B.show C.ask
（ ）41.eto B.referto C.belongto
（ ）42.A.might B.could C.must
（ ）43.A.your B.his C.her
（ ）44.A.hate B.love C.fear
（ ）45.A.how B.why C.what
2013
When I was a young child, my parents often told me that it was time that taught a man everything. I didn’t understand and wondered why _31_ had such a big influence _32_ a person. I thought I could grow up quickly to find it out as an adult. But now, _33_ I come to knock at the door of adulthood, I feel _34_ to express my own opinion on this saying. I know that I am just a high school student with very few experiences. There are still many things waiting for me in the future, yet I would like to express myself in a childish voice.
I once read this sentence, “To make this world a happy place in which to live, you had better _35_ yourself and your heart, instead of the whole world.” I was shocked. It made me think about _36_ itself. There are so many things around us that _37_ our will. We can’t force life to follow our wishes. The earth won’t stop turning no matter whether we _38_ it or not . What we can do is just to make _39_ suit the world. I think we should learn to accept _40_ life gives us, no matter whether it’s the spring sunlight or the winter snowfall, and try to be ha
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