10篇英文文献摘要学习.docx

10篇英文文献摘要学习.docx

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10篇英文文献摘要学习

ABSTRACT

01:

Parent-mediatedsocialcommunicationtherapyforyoungchildrenwithautism（PACT）:

long-termfollow-upofarandomisedcontrolledtrial.

01、针对自闭症幼儿的父母介导的社区沟通疗法（PACT）：

随机对照试验的长期随访

杂志（THELANCET）发表年份（2016）期刊影响因子（）

Background:

Itisnotknownwhetherearlyinterventioncanimprovelong-termautismsymptomoutcomes.Weaimedtofollow-upthePreschoolAutismCommunicationTrial（PACT）,toinvestigatewhetherthePACTinterventionhadalong-termeffectonautismsymptomsandcontinuedeffectsonparentandchildsocialinteraction.

Methods:

PACTwasarandomisedcontrolledtrialofaparent-mediatedsocialcommunicationinterventionforchildrenaged2–4yearswithcoreautism.Follow-upascertainmentwasdoneatthreespecialisedclinicalservicescentresintheUK（London,Manchester,andNewcastle）atamedianofyears（IQR–fromtheoriginaltrialendpoint.Themainblindedoutcomeswerethecomparativeseverityscore（CSS）fromtheAutismDiagnosticObservationSchedule（ADOS）自闭症诊断观察量表,theDyadicCommunicationAssessmentMeasure（DCMA）oftheproportionofchildinitiatiationswheninteractingwiththeparent,andanexpressive-receptivelanguagecomposite.Allanalysesfollowedtheintention-to-treatprinciple.

Findings:

121（80%）ofthe152trialparticipants（59[77%]of77assignedtoPACTinterventionvs62[83%]of75assignedtotreatmentasusual）weretracedandconsentedtobeassessedbetweenJuly,2013,andSeptember,2014.Meanageatfollow-upwasyears（SD.Groupdifferenceinfavourof赞同thePACTinterventionbasedonADOSCSSoflog-oddseffectsize（ES）was（95%CI0·07to1·20）attreatmentendpointandES（95%CI−toatfollow-up,givinganoverallreductioninsymptomseverityoverthecourseofthewholetrialandfollow-upperiod（ES,95%CIto,p=.GroupdifferenceinDCMAchildinitiationsatfollow-upshowedaCohen'sdESof（95%CI−toandwassignificantoverthecourseofthestudy（ES,95%CIto,p=.Therewerenogroupdifferencesinthelanguagecompositeatfollow-up（ES,95%CI−to.

Interpretation:

Theresultsarethefirsttoshowlong-termsymptomreductionafterarandomisedcontrolledtrialofearlyinterventioninautismspectrumdisorder.TheysupporttheclinicalvalueofthePACTinterventionandhaveimplicationsfordevelopmentaltheory.

02：

Burden,riskfactors,andcomorbiditiesofbehaviouralandemotionalproblemsinKenyanchildren:

apopulation-basedstudy

02、肯尼亚儿童的行为和情绪问题的负担、危险因素以及合并症：

一项基于人群的研究

杂志（LANCETPSYCHIATRY）发表年份（2017）期刊影响因子（）

背景：

Three-quartersoftheburdenofmentalhealthproblems精神卫生问题occursinlow-and-middle-incomecountries,butfewepidemiologicalstudiesoftheseproblemsinpreschoolchildrenfromsub-SaharanAfrica撒哈拉以南havebeenpublished.Behaviouralandemotionalproblemsoftenstartinearlychildhood,andthismightbeparticularlyimportantinAfrica,wheretheincidenceofperinatal围产期andearlyriskfactorsishigh.WethereforeaimedtoestimatetheprevalenceandriskfactorsofbehaviouralandemotionalproblemsinyoungchildreninaruralareaontheKenyancoast.

方法：

Wedidapopulation-basedepidemiologicalstudytoassesstheburdenofbehaviouralandemotionalproblemsinpreschoolchildrenandcomorbiditiesintheKilifiHealthandDemographicSurveillanceSystem基利菲健康和人口监测系统（KHDSS,adatabaseformedofthepopulationunderroutinesurveillancelinkedtoadmissionstoKilifiCountyHospital）.WeusedtheChildBehaviourChecklist（CBCL）儿童行为调查表toassessbehaviouralandemotionalproblems.Wethendeterminedriskfactorsandmedicalcomorbiditiesassociatedwithbehaviouralandemotionalproblems.Thestrengthofassociationsbetweentheriskfactorsandthebehaviouralandemotionalproblemswasestimatedusinggeneralisedlinearmodels,withappropriatedistributionandlinkfunctions.

结果：

3539familieswererandomlyselectedfromtheKHDSS.Ofthese,3273childrenwereassessedwithCBCL.Theprevalenceoftotalbehaviouralandemotionalproblemswas13%（95%CI12–14）,forexternalisingproblems外化问题was10%（9–11）,andforinternalisingproblemswas22%（21–24）.ThemostcommonCBCLsyndromewassomaticproblems躯体问题（21%,20–23）,whereasthemostcommonDSM-IV-orientedscale基于精神疾病诊断准则手册（第四版）wasanxietyproblems（13%,12–14）.Factorsassociatedwithtotalproblemsincludedconsumptionofcassava（riskratio5·68,95%CI3·22–10·03）,perinatalcomplications（4·34,3·21–5·81）,seizuredisorders（2·90,2·24–3·77）,andhousestatus（0·11,0·08–0·14）.Seizuredisorders癫痫,burnmarks烧伤,andrespiratoryproblems呼吸道疾病wereimportantcomorbiditiesofbehaviouralandemotionalproblems.

理解：

BehaviouralandemotionalproblemsarecommoninpreschoolchildreninthisKenyanruralareaandareassociatedwithpreventableriskfactors.Behaviouralandemotionalproblemsandassociatedcomorbiditiesshouldbeidentifiedandaddressedinyoungchildren.

03：

Effectofiodinesupplementationinpregnantwomenonchildneurodevelopment:

arandomised,double-blind,placebo-controlledtrial

03、孕妇补碘对儿童神经发育的影响：

一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验

杂志（LancetDiabetes&Endocrinology）发表年份（2017）期刊影响因子（）

Background：

Iodinedeficiencyduringpregnancymightbeassociatedwithreducedintelligencequotient（IQ）scoreinoffspring.Weassessedtheeffectofiodinesupplementationinmildlyiodine-deficientpregnantwomen轻度碘缺乏孕妇onneurodevelopmentoftheiroffspringinareaswhereschoolchildrenwereiodinesufficient.

Methods：

Inthisrandomised,placebo-controlledtrial,pregnantwomeninBangalore班加罗尔,India,andBangkok曼谷,Thailand,wererandomlyassigned（1:

1）toreceive200μgiodineorallyonceadayorplacebountildelivery.Randomisationwasdonewithacomputer-generatedsequenceandstratifiedbysite.Co-primaryoutcomes主要结果wereverbalandperformanceIQscoresontheWechslerPreschoolandPrimaryScaleofIntelligence韦氏学前和小学儿童智力量表ThirdEdition（WPPSI-III）andtheglobalexecutivecompositescorefromtheBehaviourRatingInventoryofExecutiveFunction-PreschoolVersion（BRIEF-P）inthechildrenatage5–6years.Thetrialwasdouble-blinded;someunmasking揭盲tookplaceatage2yearsforaninterimanalysis中间分析,butparticipantsandnearlyallinvestigatorsremainedmaskedtogroupassignmentuntilage5–6years.Analysiswasbyintentiontotreatusingmixed-effectsmodels.

Findings：

BetweenNov18,2008,andMarch12,2011,832womenenteredthetrialatameangestationalageofweeks（SD;medianurinaryiodineconcentrationwas131μg/L（IQR81–213）.Meancompliancewithsupplementationwas87%,assessedbymonthlytabletcounts.313children（iodinegroup,n=159;placebogroup,n=154）wereanalysedforverbalandperformanceIQwithWPPSI-IIIand315（iodinegroup,n=159;placebogroup,n=156）foroverallexecutivefunctionwithBRIEF-P.MeanWPPSI-IIIscoresforverbalIQwere（SD9·8）intheiodinegroupand（9·8）intheplacebogroup（difference−0·7,95%CI−2·9to1·5;p=0·77）,andforperformanceIQwere（12·5）intheiodinegroupand（13·4）intheplacebogroup（difference−1·6,−4·5to1·3;p=0·44）.ThemeanBRIEF-Pglobalexecutivecompositescorewas（26·2）intheiodinegroupand（27·0）intheplacebogroup（difference−0·9,−6·8to5·0;p=0·74）.Thefrequencyofadverseeventsdidnotdifferbetweengroupsduringgestationoratdelivery:

24womenintheiodinegroupand28intheplacebogroupreportedadverseevents（iodinegroup:

abortion,n=20;blightedovum,andn=2;intrauterinedeath,n=2;placebogroup:

abortion,n=22;blightedovum,n=1;intrauterinedeath,n=2;earlyneonataldeath,n=1;andneonataldeath,n=2）.

Interpretation：

Dailyiodinesupplementationinmildlyiodine-deficientpregnantwomenhadnoeffectonchildneurodevelopmentatage5–6years.

04：

IncidenceofandFactorsAssociatedWithMyopiaandHighMyopiainChineseChildren,BasedonRefractionWithoutCycloplegia.

04、基于无睫状肌麻痹屈光度的中国儿童近视和高度近视的发生率及相关因素

杂志（JAMAOphthalmol）发表年份（2018）期刊影响因子（）

IMPORTANCE:

MyopiahasreachedepidemiclevelsamongchildreninregionsofEastandSoutheastAsia.Highmyopia高度近视isassociatedwithmyopicmaculardegeneration近视性黄斑变性,glaucoma青光眼,andretinaldetachment视网膜脱落.

OBJECTIVE:

TodeterminetheincidenceofmyopiaandhighmyopiabasedonrefractionwithoutcycloplegiaamongchildreninprimaryandjuniorhighschoolsinChina.

DESIGN,SETTING,ANDPARTICIPANTS:

ThisobservationalcohortstudywascompletedinGuangzhou,China.Itconsistedofacohortfrom19primaryschools,whowerefollowedupfrom2010to2015,andacohortfrom22juniorhighschools,whowerefollowedupfrom2010to2012.Allschoolswererandomlychosenatratesproportionaltothenumberofschoolsineachofthecity's11districts所有学校都是按照与学校数量成比例的随机选择的.Studentswithorwithoutmyopiaingrade1（primaryschool）orgrade7（juniorhighschool）wereeligibleforinclusion.DataanalysisoccurredfromFebruary2017toOctober2017.

MAINOUTCOMESANDMEASURES:

Myopiawasdefinedasasphericalequivalentrefraction（SER）等效球镜度数ofdiopters（D）orless,asmeasuredbysubjectiverefraction主觉验光withoutcycloplegia睫状肌麻痹;highmyopiawasdefinedasaSERofDorless.Annualincidencesweredefinedastheproportionofparticipantseachyearfoundtohavemyopiaorhighmyopiawhodidnotpreviouslyhavethecondition.Height,weight,axiallength（AL）轴长,cornealradiusofcurvature（CRC）角膜曲率半径,andAL/CRCratiowereexaminedtoassessifthesemeasureswereassociatedwithfuturemyopiaorhighmyopia.

RESULTS:

Atotalof4741studentswithorwithoutmyopiaineithergrade1fortheprimaryschoolcohort（mean[SD]age[]years;932of1975[%]female）orgrade7forthejuniorhighschoolcohort（mean[SD]age[]years;1254of2670[%]female）wereincluded.Baselinemean（SD）SERwasDamong1975studentsingrade1vsDamong2670studentsingrade7.Baselineprevalenceofmyopiawa