初中英语形容词副词介词连词综合复习.docx
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初中英语形容词副词介词连词综合复习
专题六形容词副词
I.形容词一、形容词的一般用法
1.作定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面。
It’sacoldandwindyday.
2.作表语,放在系动词的后面。
(look,feel,smell,sound….)Helookshappytoday.
3.放在something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词时之后。
Wouldyoulikesomethinghottodrink?
4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词,应放可在名词之后作后置定语。
Howlongistheriver?
It’sabouttwohundredmetreslong.
5.多作表语的形容词:
afraid;alone;asleep;awake;alive;well健康的;ill;
Themanisill.那个人生病了.Theillmanismyuncle.那个坏人是我叔叔.
6.只能作定语的形容词:
little小的;only唯一的最适当的,最好的唯一的;
wooden僵硬的,不自然的;没有精神的:
木质的;woolen羊毛质的;elder年长的
7.貌似副词的形容词(名词词尾加ly变来的形容词):
lonely;friendly;lively;lovely
8.多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是:
1)冠词或人称代词2)数词3)性质4)大小5)形状
6)表示老少,新旧7)颜色8)事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。
例如:
Hisgrandpastilllivesinthissmallshorthouse.他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。
9.形容词名词化:
有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词,表示一类人,谓语常用复数。
这类词有:
rich/poor;
good/bad;young/old;healthy/ill;living/dead;black/white(表示人种等)。
例如:
Theyoungshouldtakegoodcareoftheold.年轻人应该好好照顾老人。
二、形容词常用句型
1.“It’s+adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。
=Sb+be+adj+todosth
It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.(=Youareverykindtohelpme.)
2.“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。
=Todosthisadjforsb.
It’snoteasyforthemtolearnaforeignlanguage.(=Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasyforthem.)
3.表示感情或情绪的形容词,如glad,pleased,sad,thankful等常接不定式作状语。
I’mverysadtohearthebadnews.
Ⅱ副词一、副词的基本用法:
1).副词是用来修饰形容词、其他副词,一般放在被修饰词之前.Heplaysthepianoverywell.
2).副词是用来修饰动词,常放在动词之后.Hegotupquickly
3).enough修饰adj/adv时,放在其后.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.
二、常见副词,形容词用法辨析
1.already与yet的区别
already用于肯定句句中,表示“已经”;yet用于否定句句末,表示“还”,用于疑问句句末,表示“已经”
Hehad_____leftwhenIcalled.Haveyoufoundyourruler______?
2very,much和verymuch.的区别
very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级;much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级;修饰动词要用verymuch.
Johnis____honest.Thisgardenis_____biggerthanthatone.Thankyou_____.
3.so与such的区别
so修饰形容词或副词;such修饰名词,MybrotherrunssofastthatIcan’tfollowhim.Heissuchaboy.
4.also,too,aswell与either的区别also,aswell,too,用于肯定句,also常用于be动词,情态动词,助动词之后,行为动词之前;aswell,too用于句末;either用于否定句中,置于句末。
例如,Myfatherisateacher.Mymotheris____ateacher.=Myfatherisateacher.Mymotherisateacher______.=Myfatherisateacher.Mymotherisateacher,_____.
Ican’tspeakFrench……Jennycan’tspeakFrench,_____.
5.sometime,sometimes,sometime与sometimes的区别
Sometimeadj:
表示将来的或过去的某一个不确定的时间。
(atanuncertaintimeinthepastorinthefuture)
Sometimesadv:
有时,不时的=attimes,fromtimetotime,occasionally
sometime:
一段时间sometimes:
几次,几倍We’llhaveatest______nextmonth.
_____wearebusyandsometimeswearenot.HestayedinBeijingfor_____lastyear.
6.ago与before的区别ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”,常与一般过去时连用,不可以单独使用。
before指过去或将来的某时刻“以前”,也可泛指以前,常和完成时连用,可以单独使用。
在现在完成时里表在此之前。
Isawhimtenminutes_______.Hetoldmethathehadseenthefilm______.
7.now,just与justnow的区别now:
与一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用,意为“现在”
just:
与现在完成时连用,表示“刚……”justnow:
和过去时连用,表示“刚才”
Wheredoeshelive______?
Wehave_______seenthefilm.Hewashere______.
8.lonely/alone的区别alone独自一人/没有同伴,既可作adj也可作adv.
Ⅲ、形容词,副词的比较级、最高级
一、规则变化
1.一般在词尾直接加er或est,tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest
2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st,nice-nicer-nicest
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est,heavy-heavier-heaviest
4.重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est,big-bigger-biggest
注:
大,红,湿,热,悲,瘦,胖.双写末辅再变级.(big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat)
5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级,beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautifulimportant----lessimportant----leastimportant
EnglishismoreinterestingthanChinese=ChineseislessinterestingthanEnglish.
6.由“形容词+ly”构成的副词,在其前加more/most
slowly---moreslowly----mostslowly;但early—earlier---earliest
二、不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
old
old/elder
old/eldest
bad/badly/ill
worse
worst
far
farther(距离)/further(程度)
farthest/furthest
下列单、双音节词只能加more和most
原级
比较级
最高级
like(想似的)
morelike
mostlike
real(真的)
morereal
mostreal
tired
moretired
mosttired
pleased
morepleased
mostpleased
often
moreoften
mostoften
Ⅳ形容词,副词等级的用法一、原级的用法
1.修饰原级,very,quite,so,tooHeistootiredtowalkon.MybrotherrunssofastthatIcan’tfollowhim.
2.原级常用的句型结构
(1)A=B-----A+as+adj/adv的原级+as+B表示“A和B一样”
TomisasoldasKate.TomrunsasfastasMike.
(2)A<B---A+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B表示“A不如B…”Thisroomisnotas/sobigasthatone.
二、比较级的用法1.可以修饰比较级的词.
much,alot,far,…的多alittle,abit,…一点儿even甚至,still仍然many(more+可数名词复数),
LessonOneismucheasierthanLessonTwo.Tomlooksevenyoungerthanbefore.
2.比较级常用的句型结构“甲+形容词/副词的比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”
TomistallerthanKate.Igotupearlierthanmymotherthismorning.
三.最高级的用法
1).结构:
the+最高级+of+人或物(in+地点)
2).the+序数词+形容词的最高级+单数名词
TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.
3).oneof+the+形容词的最高级+复数名词
Heisoneoftheclevereststudentsinourclass.
4).“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲,乙,or丙?
”用于三者以上的比较。
Whichseasondoyoulike(the)best,spring,summerorautumn?
四.比级别的惯用法1.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
Heisgettingtallerandtaller.
2.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越…,越…”。
Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyou’llmake.
3.“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo+……”表示“甲是两者中较……的”。
Lookatthetwoboys.Mybrotheristhetallerofthetwo.
Heistallerthan_____boyinhisclass.Heistallerthan_____boyinourclass.
例题解析:
()1.Heis________friendsthanI.A.muchmoreB.manymoreC.verymoreD.toomore
()2.Whichisthe_________country,JapanorAustralia?
A.moredevelopedB.moredevelopingC.mostdevelopedD.mostdeveloping
()3.Therewere_______shopsinthecityin1982thanin1990.A.littleB.fewC.fewerD.less
()4.Ifyouarenotfreetoday,comeanotherday__________.A.tooB.soC.insteadD.yet
()5.Hecan’ttellus________,Ithink.
A.importantanythingB.anythingimportantC.importantsomethingD.somethingimportant.
()6.TheHuangRiveristhesecond__________riverinourcountry.
A.longB.longerC.longestD.thelongest
()7.Thelightintheofficewasn’t________forhimtoread.
A.enoughbrightB.brightenoughC.brightlyD.enoughbrightly
()8.Therewasanaccidentatthecorner.________,thegirlwasn’t_________hurt.
A.luckily,badlyB.luck,hardlyC.Lucky,heavilyD.Lucky,strongly
()9.Youmustkeepyoureyes_________whenyoudoeyeexercises.
A.closeB.openC.closedD.,opened
()10.Fivedayshaspassed,butIhaven’tfinishedhalfofthework.________,
A.alreadyB.stillC.tooD.yet
练习与巩固一:
()1.Don’tworry,sir.I’msureIcanrun_________tocatchupwiththem.
A.slowlyenoughB.enoughslowlyC.fastenoughD.enoughfast
()2.Thetextisveryeasyforyou.Thereare________newwordsinit.
A.afewB.alittleC.fewD.little
()3.It’ssuchan________filmthatallthestudentsare______init.
A.interesting;interestedB.interested;interesting
C.interesting;interestingD.interested;interested;interested
()4.Mingminggotupvery_______,sohecametoschoolhalfanhour______.
A.late;latelyB.lately;lateC.lately;latelyD.late;late
()5.Iam________worriedaboutyparents’healthyconditions.
A.sometimesB.sometimeC.sometimesD.sometimes
()6.Wedon’thave________everyday.
A.alotofschoolworksB.manyschoolworkC.anyschoolworksD.muchschoolwork
()7.–Look!
Howfastthetwohorsesarerunning!
--Oh,yes!
Theyarenearly_______.
A.upanddownB.slowerandslowerC.moreorlessD.neckandneck
()8.______childrenthereareinfamily,_______theirlifewillbe.
A.Theless;thebetterB.Thefewer;thebetterC.Fewer;richerD.More;poorer
1-5CCADC6-8DDB
二.形容词()1.Let’sgoandhaveadrink.We’vegot________timebeforethetrainleaves.
A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.afew
()2.The______youeat,thebetteryourhealthwillbe.A.littleB.fewC.lessD.fewer
()3.Theyhavejustcleanedthewindows,sotheroomlooks_______.
A.morebrighterB.morebrightC.lessbrightD.muchbrighter
()4.Whichisthe_______,thetrainstation,thebusstationortheairport?
A.farB.farthestC.fatherD.morefar
()5.Nowtheairinourhometownis________thanitwasbefore.Somethingmustbedone.
A.muchbetterB.moreworseC.morebetterD.muchworse
()6.Iwasfeelingtiredlastnight,soIwenttobed_______thanusual.
A.earlyB.earlierC.lateD.later
()7.Eitherofthemcantakethisjob,butwhatI’minterestediniswhois_______.
A.themostcarefulB.morecarefulC.carefulD.evencareful
()8.Inourcity,it’s_______inJuly,butitiseven_______inAugust.
A.hotter;hottestB.hot;hotC.hotter;hotD.hot;hotter
III.副词
()1.Theyyoungmanis_______carrythatheavybag.
A.strongenoughtoB.enoughstrongtoC.notstrongenoughD.strongenough
()2.Yangwonthewomen’s500metersinthesportsmeeting.Shedid_______ofall.
A.bestB.betterC.wellD.good
()3.–It’ssocoldtoday.–Yes,it’s_______colderthanitwasyesterday.
A.someB.moreC.veryD.much
()4.--_____didit_____theconductortochecktheticketsthismorning.--Halfanhour.
A.Howsoon;takeB.Howlong;costC.Hoeoften;spentD.Howlong;take
()5.–Excuseme,_______isthenearestbookshop?
--Godownthestreetandturnleftatthesecondcorner.
A.howB.whatC.whereD.who
()6.--_______isitfromourschooltoLupuBridge?
--Abouthalfanhour’sbusride.Shallwegoandvisitit?
A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.Howmuch
()7.Tomdoeshishomework_______Lucy.
A.ascarefullyasB.socarefulasC.ascarefulasD.socarefullyas
()8.Passmyglassestome,Jack.Ican_______readthewordsinthenewspapers.
A.hardlyB.real