英语二.docx

英语二.docx

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英语二

2000年下半年高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

专业：

英语

（二）

（公共课）

PARTONE

I.VocabularyandSrtucture（10Points,1poinmtforeach）

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑.

1.Shewasmorethanfrightened.

[A]surprising[B]interested[C]hated[D]surprised

2.Theattentionofthepublicwascontinuallytonewpossibilitiesinscientificfieldsandthediscoveryofnewknowledge.

[A]applied[B]drawn[C]referred[D]thrown

3.Few,any,livetheirliveswithoutsomedegreeofunhappinessandsuffering.

[A]like[B]except[C]if[D]when

4.Manywomenaretooconcernedstayingthinandtheybelievethatvitaminsaresomekindofmagiccuretoreplacefood.

[A]of[B]by[C]with[D]on

5.Ineducation,thereshouldbeagoodbalanceamongthebranchesofknowledgethatcontributeeffectivethinkingandwisejudgment.

[A]at[B]in[C]for[D]to

6.thenumbersinemployment,thehotelindustrywasthesecondlargestindustryinthiscountrylastyear.

[A]Inlinewith[B]Intermsof[C]Inaccordancewith[D]to

7.AirtravelissoquicknowadaysthatwecanleaveLondonafterbreakfastandarriveinNewYorkeighthours.

[A]in[B]for[C]after[D]until

8.Itisalsotruethattheeffectofadrugismuchuponyoungstersthanadults.

[A]bigger[B]fewer[C]greater[D]litte

9.Becausethereadinginmostcollegecoursesareveryheavy,studentsshouldplantoreadeveryday.

[A]assignments[B]schedules[C]activities[D]programs

10.Forlong-timeefficiencyandhappinessitisbesttoobservetheofhealthandsoundworkingconditions.

[A]principles[B]ideas[C]elements[D]factors

II.ClozeTest（10points,1pointfordach）

下列短文中有十个空白,每个空白有四个选项,根据下下文要求选出最佳答案,并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑.

AlthoughAmericaninformality（不拘礼节）iswellknown,manynewvisitorsthinkthatitindicatesa“lackofrespect.”Thisisespeciallytrueinthebusinessworld.Americansoftenusefirstnames11meetingastrangeranddonotalwaysshakehands.Theyoftenjustsmileandsay“Hi”or”Hello”,12thanusingamoreformalhandshake.Itis-goodtorememberthattoanAmericansuchaninformalgreetingreallymeansthe13thingasmoreformalhandshakesomeplaceelse.14,Americansdonotusuallygiveaspecial“farewell”orhandshaketoeachpersonwhentheyleaveapartyorbusinessmeeting.Theywilloftenjustwavegood-byetothewholegrouporperhapssay,”Well,solongeverybody,I’llseeyoutomorrow.”Theythenwillleave.15handshakes.

Americansseem16totallyhurriedandhardworkingortotallyinformalandatease.Oftenyouwillseemenworkingatofficedesks17theirsuitcoatsandties.Theymayleanfarbackintheirchairsandevenputtheirfeetuponthedesk18theytalkonthetelephone.Thisisnotmeanttoberude.

AvisitortotheUnitdeStatesshouldthereforeunderstandthatbeinginagreat19doesnotindicateunfriendlinessandbeinginformalandateasedoesnotshowalackofrespect.Americanshaveagreatrangeofcustomsandhabitsthatatfirstmayseempuzzlingtoavisitor.In20youwilllearnthesenewways.

11.[A]upon[B]for[C]as[D]at

12.[A]more[B]better[C]rather[D]other

13.[A]such[B]some[C]same[D]whole

14.[A]Similarly[B]However[C]Therefore[D]Especially

15.[A]Some[B]Then[C]So[D]Especially

16.[A]both[B]all[C]either[D]neither

17.[A]with[B]without[C]in[D]on

18.[A]while[B]where[C]which[D]because

19.[A]worry[B]trouble[C]pride[D]hurry

20.[A]time[B]case[C]turn[D]vain

III.ReadingComprehension（30points,2pointsforeach）

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案,并在答题纸上将相应的字涂黑.

PassageOne

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Theeconomiccostsofnoisetosocietyareseveral,Airportsarecurrentlyoperatingatlessthancapacitybecauseofnoiseregulationswhichrestricttheirhoursofoperation.Forinstance,atWashington’sNationalAirportnojettrafficisallowedfrom11pmto7am.Otherairportsrestricttheuseofcertainrunways.Oneestimateisthatnoiserestrictionsreducepossibleairportuseby20percent.Theprofitablecargotradeisespeciallyaffectedtoequipallexistingjetengineswithnoisecontroldevices.However,comsideringthecurrentstateoftheart,evengakingthisstepwillnotreducenoiselevelsatallpointstoacceptablevalues.Somecombinationofmethodsisprobablynecessary.

Ifallaircraftweremadequieterbyexistingmethods,therewouldbeanumberofeconomidbenefits.Anincreaseinairportcapacitywouldoccur.Propertyvaluesnearairportsmightrise.Transportationcoststoandfromairportscouldbereducedsincetheairportsnowcouldbelocatedclosertopopulationcenters.Muchresearchstillneedstobedoneontheeconomicaspectsofnoisereductionandnoiseeffects.Althoughsomeoftheeffectsofnoisepollutionareknown,moremustbediscoveredaboutitseffectsonhealth,thecostofnoisepollutioncontroltotheeconomyasawholeneedstobeinvestigated.

Thepublicmustbealertedtothedangersandeconomiccostsofnoisepollutionsothatpeoplemaymakeintelligentchoicesandexertappropriatepressures.

21.ThereisnojettrafficatWashington’sNationalAirportfrom11pmto7ambecause

[A]itisextremelydangeroustoflyinthedark

[B]noiseregulationsrestrictthehoursofairportoperation

[C]someofitsrunwaysarenotingoodconietion

[D]cargoplanesproducedisturbingnoises

22.”Thecurrentstateoftheart”（inPara.2）means

[A]adevelopedsenseofbeauty

[B]ghevolumeofpresent-daytraffic

[C]cargoplanesproducedisturbingnoises

23.Noisereductioncouldleadto

[A]increasedairportcapacity

[B]lowerpropertyvalues

[C]effectivemodificationofexistingjetengines

[D]moretransportationcoststoandfromairports

24.WhatisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

[A]Psychologicalstrain.

[B]Handlingcapacityofcargo.

[C]Measuresfornoisereduction.

[D]Publicpressures.

25.Theauthorofthepassageisconcernedprimarilywith.

[A]theeffectsofnoiseonthequalityoflife

[B]theroleofairtrafficrestrictions

[C]theproductionofquieterengines

[D]theeconomicaspectsofnoisereduction

PassageTwo

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Duringastateofdeeprelaxation,severalphysiologicalchangestakeplaceinthebody:

thebody’soxygenconsumptionisreduced;theheartbeatdecrease;muscletensionandsweatingease,andthereisdecreasedsympathetic（交感的）nervoussystemactivity,Thisrestfulrtatenotonlyallowsthebodytorepairandrestoreitself,butithasacalmingeffectontheconsciousness.

Howtoachievethisstateofrelaxation,however,isamatterofopinion,andinsomemedicalcircles,amatterofcontroversy（争论）.ArecentreportbyDr.DavidHolmesoftheUniversityofKansasinthejournal”AmericanPsychologist”saidthatsimplysittinginanarmchairhasjustasmanybeneficialcharacteristicsforthebodyasmeditation（冥想）dose.Researchersofotherrelaxationtechniquesdisagree.Theseexpertsbelievethatmorestructuredtechniques,suchasmeditation,leadtoaconditionofdeeprelaxation.

Thedebategoeson,butonethingappearstobeclear:

therelaxationresponsecanbereachedbyanumberofmethods,andthemethodsthemselvesarenotasimportantasgettingthere.Oneday,onemethodmayworkbest;onanotherday,analternativemethodmaybemoreappropriate.Onceyouareawareofallthemethods,youcanfindtheonethatworksbestforyou.

Someoftherelaxationtechniquesaremeditation,autoanalysis（自我心理分析）andprogressivemusclerelaxationresponsethanjustsittingquietlyinachair,theyhavetheaddedbenefitofstructureanddiscipline,andforthesereasonsappeartobemoreeffectiveformostindividuals.

26.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtruewhenapersonisinastateofdeeprelaxation?

[A]Thebodytakesinlessoxygen.

[B]Theheartbeatslessfrequently.

[C]Musclesbecometenseandthebodysweatseasily.

[D]Theconsciousnessbecomesmoreorleescalmed.

27.Peopleseemtoagreethat.

[A]sittinginanarmchairbenefitsapersonasmeditationdoes

[B]structuredrelaxationtechniquesaremorebeneficialforaperson

[C]toachieveastateofdeeprelaxationispossiblethroughvariousmeans

[D]whatpeopleareallstrugglingforisastateofdeeprelaxation

28.Inthethirdparagraph,thephrase”gettingthere”means.

[A]arrivingatone’sdestination

[B]gettingwhatonewantsmost

[C]findingoutasuitablerelaxationtechnique

[D]reachingastateofdeeprelaxation

29.Asfarasrelaxationisconcerned,theauthorindicatesthat.

[A]aimsaremoreimportantthanmeans

[B]meansaremoreimportantthanaims

[C]moreandmorepeopleareinterestedinrelaxationtechniques

[D]somerelaxationtechniquesarebetterthanothers

30.Theauthor’sattitudetowardrelaxationdiscussedinthepassageisbestdescribedas.

[A]subjective[B]objective[C]optimistic[D]critical

PassageThree

Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Peopleseldomfeelneutralaboutpoetry（诗）.Thosewholoveitsometimesgivetheimpressionthatitisanadequatesubstituteforfood,shelter,andlove,Itisn’t.Words,nomatterhowsatisfying,areneveranequivalentforlifeitselfanditshumanexperiences.Thosewhodislikepoetryonprinciplesometimesclaim,ontheotherhand,thatpoetryisonlywordsandgoodfornothing.That’snottrueeither.Itiseasytobecomefrustratedbywords-inpoetryorinlife-butwhenwordsrepresentandrecreategenuinehumanfeelings,asgheyoftendoinpoetry,theycanbeveryimportant.Poetryis,infact,morethanjustwords.Itisanexperienceofwords,andthosewhoknowhowtoreadpoetrycaneasilyextendtheirexperienceoflife,theirsenseofwhatotherpeoplearelike,theirawarenessofthemselves,andtheirrangeof