0181《语言学导论》 在线作业及参考答案.docx
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0181《语言学导论》在线作业及参考答案
[0181]《语言学导论》
第1批作业
[单选题]Whenlanguageisusedforestablishinganatmosphereormaintainingsocialcontactratherthanforexchanginginformationorideas,itservesa_____function.
A:
expressive
B:
evocative
C:
performative
D:
phatic
参考答案：
D
[判断题]ThedistinctionbetweencompetenceandperformancewasproposedbyF.deSaussure.
参考答案：
错误
[单选题]_____isthestudyofmeaninginlanguage.
A:
Syntax
B:
Appliedlinguistics
C:
Morphology
D:
Semantics
参考答案：
D
[单选题]By_____,wemeanlanguagecanrefertocontextsremovedfromtheimmediatesituationsofthespeaker.
A:
culturaltransmission
B:
interchangeability
C:
displacement
D:
creativity
参考答案：
C
[单选题]WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSE:
A:
Languageisjustforcommunication.
B:
Languageisoneofmanywaysinwhichweexperiencetheworld.
C:
Languageisasignsystem.
D:
Languageisarbitraryandconventional.
参考答案：
A
[单选题]Ofthefollowingsounds,______isaroundedvowel.
A:
[au]
B:
[u:
]
C:
[ju:
]
D:
[e]
参考答案：
B
[单选题]Thereare______morphemesintheword"policemen".
A:
two
B:
three
C:
four
D:
five
参考答案：
B
[单选题]Thesyllabicstructureoftheword"children"is______.
A:
CVCCVC
B:
CCVCCCVC
C:
CCVCCVC
D:
CVVCCVC
参考答案：
A
[单选题]_____areproducedwhenthenasalpassageisopenedbyloweringthesoftpalateantthebackofthethroatandtheairisallowedtopassthroughit.
A:
Semi-vowels
B:
Affricates
C:
Nasals
D:
Glides
参考答案：
C
[单选题]_____studiesthechangesinlanguageandlanguageusewithrespecttosocialfactors.
A:
Sociolinguistics
B:
Comparativelinguistics
C:
Syntax
D:
Computationallinguistics
参考答案：
A
[单选题]A______isanymorphemeorcombinationofmorphemestowhichanaffixcanbeadded.
A:
root
B:
freemorpheme
C:
stem
D:
suffix
参考答案：
C
[单选题]Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsdoesnotaccountfortheprimacyofspeechoverwritinginlinguisticanalysis?
_______
A:
Speechexistedlongbeforewritingsystemscameintobeing.
B:
Speechismorecomplexthanwriting.
C:
Geneticallychildrenlearntospeakbeforelearningtowrite.
D:
Writtenformsjustrepresentinthiswayorthatthespeechsounds.
参考答案：
B
[单选题]Foreignlanguagelearners'errorsmaybecausedby________.
A:
borrowingpatternsfromthemothertongue
B:
extendingpatternsformthetargetlanguage,e.g.byanalogy
C:
expressingmeaningsusingthewordsandgrammarwhicharealreadyknown
D:
alltheabovethree
参考答案：
D
[单选题]Languageservesthe________functionwhenitisusedtoexpressthespeaker'sfeelingorattitudeortoarouseacertainfeelingorattitudeinthehearer.
A:
phatic
B:
informative
C:
emotive
D:
directive
参考答案：
C
[单选题]Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.
A：
False
B：
True
参考答案：
B
[判断题]Modernlinguisticsismostlyprescriptive,butsometimesdescriptive.
参考答案：
错误
[单选题]Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobe______.
A：
prescriptive
B：
analytic
C：
descriptive
D：
linguistic
参考答案：
C
[单选题]Modernlinguisticsregardsthewrittenlanguageas_____.
A：
primary
B：
better
C：
secondary
D：
unchangeable
参考答案：
C
[单选题]Languageissaidtobearbitrarybecausethereisnologicalconnectionbetween_____andmeanings.
A：
sense
B：
sounds
C：
objects
D：
ideas
参考答案：
B
[单选题]Whichofthefollowingisnotadesignfeatureofhumanlanguage?
A：
Arbitrariness
B：
Displacement
C：
Duality
D：
Meaningfulness
参考答案：
D
[判断题]Adiachronicstudyoflanguageisthedescriptionoflanguageatsomepointintime.
参考答案：
错误
[判断题]Modernlinguisticsisdifferentfromtraditionalgrammar.
参考答案：
正确
[单选题]Thebranchoflinguisticstudycalled_____isconcernedwithhowspeakersusethesentencesofalanguagetoachieveeffectiveandsuccessfulcommunication.
A:
sociolinguistics
B:
pragmatics
C:
syntax
D:
computationallinguistics
参考答案：
B
第2批作业
[判断题]Aperson'ssocialbackgroundsdonotexertashapinginfluenceonhischoiceoflinguisticfeatures.
参考答案：
错误
[判断题]Componentialanalysisisawayinwhichthemeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponents,calledsemanticfeatures.
参考答案：
正确
[判断题]Thestandardlanguageisabetterlanguagethannonstandardlanguages.
参考答案：
错误
[判断题]Derivationreferstotheprocessbywhichnewwordsareformedbytheadditionofaffixestotheroots,stems,orwords.
参考答案：
正确
[判断题]Pragmaticstreatsthemeaningoflanguageassomethingintrinsicandinherent.
参考答案：
错误
[判断题]ThedistinctionbetweencompetenceandperformanceisproposedbyHalliday.
参考答案：
错误
[判断题]Bilingualismanddiglossiameanthesamething.
参考答案：
错误
[判断题]Hyponymyreferstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.
参考答案：
错误
[判断题]Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaningthecontextofuseisconsidered.
参考答案：
正确
[判断题]“alive”and“dead”arecomplementaryantonyms.
参考答案：
正确
[判断题]Languageusevariesfromonespeechcommunitytoanother,fromoneregionalgrouptoanother,fromonesocialgrouptoanother,andevenfromoneindividualtoanother.
参考答案：
正确
[判断题]Bothsemanticsandpragmaticsstudyhowspeakersofalanguageusesentencestoeffectsuccessfulcommunication.
参考答案：
错误
[判断题]Somelanguagesareinferior,orsuperior,tootherlanguages.
参考答案：
错误
[判断题]Forthevastmajorityofchildren,languagedevelopmentoccursspontaneouslyandrequireslittleconsciousinstructiononthepartofadults.
参考答案：
正确
[判断题]Observationsofchildrenindifferentlanguageareasoftheworldrevealthatthedevelopmentalstagesaresimilar,possiblyuniversal,whateverthenatureoftheinput.
参考答案：
正确
[判断题]Pidginsarelinguisticallyinferiortostandardlanguages.
参考答案：
错误
[判断题]Thekindofnameortermspeakersusetocallorrefertosomeonemayindicatesomethingoftheirsocialrelationshiptoorpersonalfeelingsaboutthatindividual.
参考答案：
正确
[判断题]“Smog”isawordformedbytheword-formingprocesscalledacronymy.
参考答案：
错误
[判断题]TheCooperativePrincipleisadvancedbyPaulGrice.
参考答案：
正确
[判断题]Twospeakersofthesamelanguageordialectusetheirlanguageordialectinthesameway.
参考答案：
错误
第3批作业
[填空题]
The_______relationisarelationholdingbetweenelementsreplaceablewitheachotherataparticularplaceinastructure,orbetweenoneelementpresentandtheothersabsent.
参考答案：
paradigmatic
[填空题]"PoorJohn"and"ranaway"arethe _____constituentsofthesentence"PoorJohnranaway".
参考答案：
immediate
[填空题]
MichaelA.K.Hallidayhasdevelopedthe______grammar.
参考答案：
systemic-functional
[填空题]
Thetransformational-generativegrammarwasproposedbytheAmericanlinguistNoam______.
参考答案：
Chomsky
[填空题]
Theword"brunch"isformedbywayof_____from"breakfast"and"lunch".
参考答案：
blending
[填空题]_______isthestudyoftehformationofsentencesinalanguage.
参考答案：
Syntax
[填空题]____isthesmallestunitoflanguage intermsofrelationshipbetweenexpressionandcontent.
参考答案：
Morpheme
[填空题]
A____isanymorphemeorcombinationofmorphemestowhichanaffixcanbeadded.
参考答案：
stem
[填空题]Morphemesthatmayconstitutewordsbythemselvesare______.
参考答案：
freemorphemes
[填空题]A____isthebaseformofawordthatcannotfurtherbeanalyzedwithouttotallossofidentity.
参考答案：
root
[填空题]______affixesdonotchangethewordclassofthewordtheyattachto.
参考答案：
Inflectional
[填空题]"WTO"isan ______madeupfromtehfirstlettersofthenameoftheorganization"WorldTradeOrganization".
参考答案：
acronym
第4批作业
[判断题]Allnormalchildrenhaveequalabilitytoacquiretheirfirstlanguage.
参考答案：
正确
[单选题]Infirstlanguageacquisition,imitationplays___.
A：
aminorrole
B：
asignificantrole
C：
abasicrole
D：
norole
参考答案：
A
[单选题]Thesyllabicstructureoftheword"achieved”is______.
A:
VCCVCC
B:
VCVCC
C:
VCVVCVC
D:
VCCVCVC
参考答案：
B
[单选题]_______areboundmorphemesbecausetheycannotbeusedasseparatewords.
A:
Roots
B:
Stems
C:
Affixes
D:
Compounds
参考答案：
C
[单选题]Therelationbetweenthetwowords"buy”and"sell”canbedescribedas____.
A:
gradableantonymy
B:
converseantonymy
C:
complementaryantonymy
D:
synonymy
参考答案：
B
[单选题]ManyChineseEnglishlearnersmay,atthebeginningstage,produce"mans”and"photoes”asthepluralformsof"man”and"photo”.Thisismostlikelytheresultof_______intheprocessofforeignlanguagelearning.
A:
Negativetransfer
B:
Overgeneralization
C:
Positivetransfer
D:
mothertongueinterference
参考答案：
B
[单选题]Whichofthefollowingqualitiesisnottherequirementofagoodtest?
_______.
A:
Objectivity
B:
Reliability
C:
Validity
D:
BothAandC
参考答案：
A
[单选题]Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutmachinetranslationislikelytobewrong?
_______.
A:
Machinetranslationhasalwaysbeenachiefconcernincomputationallinguistics.
B:
Thereareareaswheremachinetranslationsurpasseshumantranslations.
C:
Soonerorlater,machinetranslationwillreplacehumantranslationcompletely.
D:
Insomeareas,humantranslationssurpassesmachinetranslation.
参考答案：
C
[单选题]Teachingcultureinourlanguageclassescan_______.
A:
getthestudentsfamiliarwithculturaldifferences
B:
helpthestudentstranscendtheirowncultureandseethingsasthemembersofthetargetculturewill
C:
emphasizetheinseparabilityofunderstandinglanguageandunderstandingculturethroughvariousclassroompractices
D:
Alloftheabove.
参考答案：
D
[单选题]AccordingtoGrice'stheory,aconversationalimplicatureariseswhenthecooperativeprincipleanditsmaximsare_______.
A:
strictlyobserved
B:
secretlyanddeliberatelyviolated
C:
blatantlyorapparentlyviolated
D:
BothAandB
参考答案：
C
[单选题]Thesoundsproducedwithoutthevocalcordsvibratingare____sounds.
A：
voiceless
B：
voiced
C：
vowel
D：
consonantal
参考答案：
A
[单选题]Since/p/and/b/arephoneticallysimilar,occurin
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