0181《语言学导论》 在线作业及参考答案.docx

1、0181语言学导论 在线作业及参考答案0181语言学导论 第1批作业单选题When language is used for establishing an atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas, it serves a _ function.A:expressiveB:evocativeC:performativeD:phatic参考答案：D判断题The distinction between competence and performance was

2、 proposed by F. de Saussure.参考答案：错误单选题_ is the study of meaning in language.A:SyntaxB:Applied linguisticsC:MorphologyD:Semantics参考答案：D单选题By _, we mean language can refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker.A:cultural transmissionB: interchangeabilityC:displacementD:creat

3、ivity参考答案：C单选题Which of the following statements is FALSE:A:Language is just for communication.B:Language is one of many ways in which we experience the world.C: Language is a sign system.D:Language is arbitrary and conventional.参考答案：A单选题Of the following sounds, _ is a rounded vowel.A:auB: u:C:ju:D:e

4、参考答案：B单选题There are _ morphemes in the word policemen.A: twoB:threeC:fourD:five参考答案：B单选题The syllabic structure of the word children is _.A:CVCCVCB:CCVCCCVCC:CCVCCVCD:CVVCCVC参考答案：A单选题_ are produced when the nasal passage is opened by lowering the soft palate ant the back of the throat and the air is a

5、llowed to pass through it.A:Semi-vowelsB:AffricatesC:NasalsD:Glides参考答案：C单选题_ studies the changes in language and language use with respect to social factors.A:SociolinguisticsB:Comparative linguisticsC:SyntaxD:Computational linguistics参考答案：A单选题A _ is any morpheme or combination of morphemes to whic

6、h an affix can be added.A:rootB:free morphemeC:stemD:suffix参考答案：C单选题Which one of the following statements does not account for the primacy of speech over writing in linguistic analysis? _A:Speech existed long before writing systems came into being.B:Speech is more complex than writing.C:Genetically

7、children learn to speak before learning to write.D: Written forms just represent in this way or that the speech sounds.参考答案：B单选题Foreign language learners errors may be caused by _.A:borrowing patterns from the mother tongueB:extending patterns form the target language, e.g. by analogyC:expressing me

8、anings using the words and grammar which are already knownD:all the above three参考答案：D单选题Language serves the _ function when it is used to express the speakers feeling or attitude or to arouse a certain feeling or attitude in the hearer.A: phaticB:informativeC:emotiveD:directive参考答案：C单选题Linguistics i

9、s generally defined as the scientific study of language.A：FalseB：True参考答案：B判断题Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.参考答案：错误单选题If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be _.A：prescriptiveB：analyticC：descriptiveD：lingui

10、stic参考答案：C单选题Modern linguistics regards the written language as _.A：primaryB：betterC：secondaryD：unchangeable参考答案：C单选题Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between _ and meanings.A：senseB：soundsC：objectsD：ideas参考答案：B单选题Which of the following is not a design feature o

11、f human language?A：ArbitrarinessB：DisplacementC：DualityD：Meaningfulness参考答案：D判断题A diachronic study of language is the description of language at some point in time.参考答案：错误判断题Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar.参考答案：正确单选题The branch of linguistic study called _ is concerned with h

12、ow speakers use the sentences of a language to achieve effective and successful communication.A:sociolinguisticsB:pragmaticsC:syntaxD:computational linguistics参考答案：B第2批作业判断题A persons social backgrounds do not exert a shaping influence on his choice of linguistic features.参考答案：错误判断题Componential analy

13、sis is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features.参考答案：正确判断题The standard language is a better language than nonstandard languages.参考答案：错误判断题Derivation refers to the process by which new words are formed by the addition of affixes to the ro

14、ots, stems, or words.参考答案：正确判断题Pragmatics treats the meaning of language as something intrinsic and inherent.参考答案：错误判断题The distinction between competence and performance is proposed by Halliday.参考答案：错误判断题Bilingualism and diglossia mean the same thing.参考答案：错误判断题Hyponymy refers to the phenomenon that

15、words having different meanings have the same form.参考答案：错误判断题What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning the context of use is considered.参考答案：正确判断题“alive” and “dead” are complementary antonyms.参考答案：正确判断题Language use varies from one speech community to

16、another, from one regional group to another, from one social group to another, and even from one individual to another.参考答案：正确判断题Both semantics and pragmatics study how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication.参考答案：错误判断题Some languages are inferior, or superior, to othe

17、r languages.参考答案：错误判断题For the vast majority of children, language development occurs spontaneously and requires little conscious instruction on the part of adults.参考答案：正确判断题Observations of children in different language areas of the world reveal that the developmental stages are similar, possibly un

18、iversal, whatever the nature of the input.参考答案：正确判断题Pidgins are linguistically inferior to standard languages.参考答案：错误判断题The kind of name or term speakers use to call or refer to someone may indicate something of their social relationship to or personal feelings about that individual.参考答案：正确判断题“Smog”

19、 is a word formed by the word-forming process called acronymy.参考答案：错误判断题The Cooperative Principle is advanced by Paul Grice.参考答案：正确判断题Two speakers of the same language or dialect use their language or dialect in the same way.参考答案：错误第3批作业填空题 The _ relation is a relation holding between elements repla

20、ceable with each other at a particular place in a structure, or between one element present and the others absent.参考答案：paradigmatic填空题Poor John and ran away are the_ constituents of the sentence Poor John ran away.参考答案：immediate填空题 Michael A. K. Halliday has developed the _ grammar.参考答案：systemic-fun

21、ctional填空题 The transformational-generative grammar was proposed by the American linguist Noam _.参考答案：Chomsky填空题 The word brunch is formed by way of _ from breakfast and lunch.参考答案：blending填空题_ is the study of teh formation of sentences in a language.参考答案：Syntax填空题_ is the smallest unit of language i

22、n terms of relationship between expression and content.参考答案：Morpheme填空题 A _ is any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an affix can be added.参考答案：stem填空题Morphemes that may constitute words by themselves are _.参考答案：free morphemes填空题A _ is the base form of a word that cannot further be analy

23、zed without total loss of identity.参考答案：root填空题_ affixes do not change the word class of the word they attach to.参考答案：Inflectional填空题WTO is an _ made up from teh first letters of the name of the organization World Trade Organization.参考答案：acronym第4批作业判断题All normal children have equal ability to acqui

24、re their first language.参考答案：正确单选题In first language acquisition, imitation plays _.A：a minor roleB：a significant roleC：a basic roleD： no role参考答案：A单选题The syllabic structure of the word achieved” is _.A:VCCVCCB:VCVCCC:VCVVCVCD:VCCVCVC参考答案：B单选题_are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separa

25、te words.A:RootsB:StemsC:AffixesD:Compounds参考答案：C单选题The relation between the two words buy” and sell” can be described as_.A: gradable antonymyB:converse antonymyC:complementary antonymyD:synonymy参考答案：B单选题Many Chinese English learners may, at the beginning stage, produce mans” and photoes” as the pl

26、ural forms of man” and photo”. This is most likely the result of _ in the process of foreign language learning.A:Negative transferB:OvergeneralizationC:Positive transferD:mother tongue interference参考答案：B单选题Which of the following qualities is not the requirement of a good test? _.A:ObjectivityB:Relia

27、bilityC:ValidityD:Both A and C参考答案：A单选题Which of the following statements about machine translation is likely to be wrong? _.A: Machine translation has always been a chief concern in computational linguistics.B:There are areas where machine translation surpasses human translations.C:Sooner or later,

28、machine translation will replace human translation completely.D:In some areas, human translations surpasses machine translation.参考答案：C单选题Teaching culture in our language classes can _.A:get the students familiar with cultural differencesB:help the students transcend their own culture and see things

29、as the members of the target culture willC:emphasize the inseparability of understanding language and understanding culture through various classroom practicesD:All of the above.参考答案：D单选题According to Grices theory, a conversational implicature arises when the cooperative principle and its maxims are _.A:strictly observedB:secretly and deliberately violatedC:blatantly or apparently violatedD:Both A and B参考答案：C单选题The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are _ sounds.A：voicelessB：voicedC：vowelD：consonantal参考答案：A单选题Since /p/ and /b/ are phonetically similar, occur in