DNA实验免疫细胞表面抗原分子CD家族对照表CD1CD24.docx

DNA实验免疫细胞表面抗原分子CD家族对照表CD1CD24.docx

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DNA实验免疫细胞表面抗原分子CD家族对照表CD1CD24

免疫细胞表面抗原分子CD家族对照表（CD1-CD247）

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Note:

 noinformationisavailableonCDw145,CD181,CD182,CD185-194,CD196-199,CD211,CD214-216,CD218-220, CD237

Background

CD:

 clusterdesignationofmonoclonalantibodies（clustersofdifferentiation）

Designatedatthe1stto7thWorkshopsonInternationalHumanLeukocyteDifferentiationAntigens 

Thelastconferencewasin2000.Thenextconferenceisin2004. 

HLDAWorkshopsaretheprimarymechanismtocharacterizeleukocytesurfaceantigenicmoleculesandepies;erythroidantigensarenowincluded 

For1stto6thworkshops,antibodiesweresubmittedtotheorganizinglaboratory,codedandsenttoparticipatinglaboratoriesfortestingagainst various cell types.Forthe7thworkshop,aCDdesignationcouldbeestablishedforamoleculeifitsgenehas beenclonedandatleastonespecificmonoclonalantibodyhad beenstudiedintheWorkshop

Interpretationshouldbebasedoncellulardistributionofstaining,proportionofpositivelystainedcells,stainingintensityandcutofflevels.

CD1

Familyofnon-polymorphicMHCclassI-likeglycoproteins

Alsomemberofimmunoglobulinsuperfamily

Onchromosome1q22-23（notMHClinked）

Has5differentsubsets,allnoncovalentlyassociatedwith12kdbeta2microglobulin

Function:

 restrictTcellresponsestocertainantigens;maymediatethymicTcelldevelopment

Positivestaining（normal）:

 corticalthymocytes（70%）,activatedTcells,Langerhanscells,interdigitatingdendriticcells

Positivestaining（disease）:

 preTALLwithcorticalthymocytephenotype;Langerhanscellhistiocytosis

Negativestaining:

 matureperipheralTcells

CD1a

Positivestaining（normal）:

 Dendriticcellsindermis/epidermisofbenigninflammatoryskindisorders

Positivestaining（disease）:

 Langerhanscellhistiocytosis（fairlyspecific）,myeloidleukemias,someBcellmalignancies;dendriticcellsinmostperipheralcutaneousTcelllymphomas, AJCP2001;116:

72

Negativestaining:

 normalBcells,mostcutaneousperipheralBcelllymphomas（?

reflectsreplacementofreactivepatterncontainingdendriticcellswithaneoplasticpatternofBcells）

Microimages:

 Langerhanscellhistiocytosis

Microimages（AJSPsubscribers）:

 pulmonaryLangerhanscellhistiocytosis

Microimages（HumPathsubscribers）:

 Langerhanscellhistiocytosis

References:

 AJSP2001;25:

630

CD1b

Positivestaining（disease）:

 myeloidleukemiasandsomeBcellmalignancies

Negativestaining:

 normalBcells

CD1c

Positivestaining（normal）:

 subsetofnormalperipheralBcells

Positivestaining（disease）:

 myeloidleukemiasandsomeBcellmalignancies 

Negativestaining:

 normalBcells

CD1d

Positivestaining（normal）:

 thymus（lowlevels）,bowel

CD1e

CD2

AkaErosettereceptor,LFA-2（leukocytefunctionantigen）

Function:

 bindsCD58/LFA-3onantigen-presentingcells,andinducescostimulatorysignalsinTcells

AlsoregulatesTandNK-mediatedcytolysis,inhibitsapoptosisofactivatedperipheralTcells,mediatesTcellcytokineproduction,regulatesTcellanergy

Positivestaining（normal）:

 thymocytes（95%）,matureperipheralTcells（almostall）,NKcells（80-90%）,thymicBcells（50%）

Microimages:

 extranodalNK/Tcelllymphoma,nasaltype

CD2R

CD2epiesrestrictedtoactivatedTcells

Positivestaining:

 activatedTcells,?

NKcells

CD3

AkaOKT3

Function:

 complex（5chains）ofintegralmembraneglycoproteinsassembledasacomplex;haslongcylasmictailwithantigenrecognitionactivationmotif;complexisthendownregulated

Alsosubdividedintodelta,epsilon,gammasubtypes

CylasmicexpressionatearlyTcelldifferentiation,thenmembranousexpression

MostspecificTcellantibody

Positivestaining（normal）:

 thymocytes,peripheralTcells,NKcells;alsoPurkinjecellsofcerebellum

Positivestaining（disease）:

 80%ofTcelllymphomas

Negativestaining:

 gammadeltaTcellreceptors,mostBcelllymphomas

Microimages:

 CD3epsilon-testicularNK/Tcelllymphoma（figure3D）

Microimages（AJSPsubscribers）:

 achalasia,post-transplantlymphoproliferativediseaseinliver

References:

 AJSP2001;25:

1413

CD4

AkaOKT4,Thelper/inducer

Onchromosome#12p

Nonpolymorphousglycoproteinsbelongingtoimmunoglobulinsuperfamily

ServesasHIVreceptoronTcells（asdochemokinereceptorsCCR5andCXCR4）,macrophages,brain

CD4+TcellsarekilledbyHIV

CoreceptorinMHCclassII-restrictedantigeninducedTcellactivation

BindstononpolymorphicregionofclassImolecules;mayincreaseavidityofcell-cellinteractions

Positivestaining（normal）:

 thymocytes（80-90%）,matureTcells（65%,ThelperandCD4/CD8+thymocytes）,macrophages,Langerhanscells,dendriticcells,granulocytes

Positivestaining（disease）:

 pityriasislichenoides

Microimages:

 acutedemyelinatingdisease,extranodalNK/Tcelllymphoma,nasaltype

CD5

Belongstoancientscavengerreceptorfamily 

IsphysicallyandfunctionallycoupledwithTcellreceptor-zeta-CD3signaltransducercomplex

CD5+Bcellsproduce“generalistantibodies”-polyreactivelowaffinity“natural”antibodiestoexogenousantigens（tetanustoxoid,lipopolysaccharide）aswellasautoreactiveantibodies（ssDNA,thyroglobulin,insulin）

Note:

sharksonlyhavepolyreactiveIgM

Note:

monoreactiveIgGisproducedby<0.1%ofcirculatingBcells,frompositiveselectionandsomatic 

pointmutation

Firstlineofdefenseagainstantigens;havealowactivationthreshold;aretheonlylineofdefenseforthosewhocannotproducespecificantibody

Produceantibodiesusinggermline（nonmutated）configurationofgenesegments,usuallyIgM

Productionelevatedinrheumatoidarthritis（27-52%ofcirculatingBcellsvs.20%normal）

CD5mayserveasadualreceptor,givingeitherstimulatoryorinhibitorysignalsdependingbothonthecelltypeandthedevelopmentstage

Positivestaining（normal）:

 Bcellsofmantlezoneofspleenandlymphnodes;Bcellsinperitonealandpleuralcavities;almostallTcells;

Infetus,mostBcellsinspleenandcordbloodareCD5positive

Positivestaining（disease）:

 BcellCLL/SLL,mantlecelllymphoma,mostTmalignancies,thymiccarcinomas（70%）

Negativestaining:

 spindlecellthymomas,MALTlymphoma,follicularlymphoma

Microimages:

 extranodalNK/Tcelllymphoma,nasaltype,mantlecelllymphoma（figure3D）

CD6

Adhesionmoleculemediatingthebindingofdevelopingthymocyteswiththymicepithelialcells 

Maybeinvolvedinautoimmunityandgraftvs.hostdisease（GVHD）

AntibodiestoCD6areusedtodepleteTcellsfrombonemarrowtransplantstopreventGVHD

Positivestaining（normal）:

 lowlevelsonimmaturethymocytes,highlevelsonmaturethymocytes 

CD7

MembraneglycoproteinandFcreceptorforIgM 

HomologoustoTCRgamma,Igkappa

MembraneexpressionearlyduringTontogeny,beforeTCRrearrangement,persistsuntilterminalstagesofTcelldevelopment

LowerexpressioninmemoryTcellsvs.naiveTcells

Positivestaining（normal）:

 matureperipheralTcells（85%）,post-thymicTcells（majority）,NKcells（majority）,somemyeloidcells

Positivestaining（disease）:

 TcellALL;AML（especiallyM4/M5）,chronicmyelogenousleukemia,blastsintransientmyeloproliferativedisorder

Negativeexpression:

 BcellALL,Sezarysyndrome,adultTcellleukemia/lymphoma

Microimages:

 extranodalNK/Tcelllymphoma,nasaltype

CD8

AkaOKT8,Tcellsuppressor/cytotoxiccells

Onchromosome#2

MHCclassIrestrictedreceptor;bindstononpolymorphicregionofclassImolecules;mayincreaseavidityofcell-cellinteractions

Associatedwithlymphoepithelioma-likecarcinomaoflung（AJSP2002;26:

715）

Positivestaining（normal）:

 Tcells（25-35%ofmatureperipheralTcells,mostcytotoxicTcells,CD4/CD8+thymocytes）;NKcells（30%-whicharealsoCD3negative）;corticalthymocytes（70-80%）,epidermotrophiclymphocytesinmycosisfungoides（AJSP2002;26:

450）

Microimages:

 lymphoepithelioma-likecarcinomaofcervix-figure3,acutedemyelinatingdisease

Microimages（ModPathsubscribers）:

 nodalcytotoxicTcelllymphoma

Reference:

 ModPath2002;15:

1131

CD9

Maymediateplateletactivationandaggregation

Antibodiesareusedtopurgebonemarrowpriortoperipheralstemcellbonemarrowtransplant

Viralco-receptor

Positivestaining（normal）:

 preBcells,Bcellsubset,Tcells,macrophages,platelets,eosinophils,basophils,megakaryocytes,endothelialcells,brain,peripheralnerve,vascularsmoothmuscle,cardiacmuscle,epithelia

CD10

Aka Common Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Antigen（CALLA）,neutralendopeptidase24.11,neprilysin,enkephalinase

Cellmembranemetallopeptidase,characteristicmarkeroffollicularcentercellsandfollicularlymphoma,butalsowidelydistributedinnormaltissueandneoplasms;alsolocalizedtobrushborderinsmallbowelmucosa

Inactivatesbioactivepeptides

Uses:

Acutelymphoblasticleukemia:

 oneoffirstmarkerstoidentifyleukemiccellsinchildren（henceitsname）

Breast:

 markerofmyoepithelialcells, ModPath2002;15:

397

Burkittlymphoma:

 confirmdiagnosis

Coloniccarcinogenesis:

 increasein