中华人民共和国民法通则英.docx

中华人民共和国民法通则英.docx

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中华人民共和国民法通则英

GENERALPRINCIPLESOFTHECIVILLAWOFTHEPEOPLESREPUBLICOFCHINA

　　（AdoptedonApril12,1986）

　　ChapterIBasicPrinciples

　　Article1ThisLawisformulatedinaccordancewiththeConstitutionandtheactualsituationinourcountry,drawinguponourpracticalexperienceincivilactivities,forthepurposeofprotectingthelawfulcivilrightsandinterestsofcitizensandlegalpersonsandcorrectlyadjustingcivilrelations,soastomeettheneedsofthedevelopingsocialistmodernization.

　　Article2TheCivilLawofthePeoplesRepublicofChinashalladjustpropertyrelationshipsandpersonalrelationshipsbetweencivilsubjectswithequalstatus,thatis,betweencitizens,betweenlegalpersonsandbetweencitizensandlegalpersons.

　　Article3Partiestoacivilactivityshallhaveequalstatus.

　　Article4Incivilactivities,theprinciplesofvoluntariness,fairness,makingcompensationforequalvalue,honestyandcredibilityshallbeobserved.

　　Article5Thelawfulcivilrightsandinterestsofcitizensandlegalpersonsshallbeprotectedbylaw;noorganizationorindividualmayinfringeuponthem.

　　Article6Civilactivitiesmustbeincompliancewiththelaw;wheretherearenorelevantprovisionsinthelaw,theyshallbeincompliancewithstatepolicies.

　　Article7Civilactivitiesshallhaverespectforsocialethicsandshallnotharmthepublicinterest,underminestateeconomicplansordisruptsocialeconomicorder.

　　Article8ThelawofthePeoplesRepublicofChinashallapplytocivilactivitieswithinthePeoplesRepublicofChina,exceptasotherwisestipulatedbylaw.

　　ThestipulationsofthisLawasregardscitizensshallapplytoforeignersandstatelesspersonswithinthePeoplesRepublicofChina,exceptasotherwisestipulatedbylaw.

　　ChapterIICitizen（NaturalPerson）

　　Section1CapacityforCivilRightsandCapacityforCivilConduct.

　　Article9Acitizenshallhavethecapacityforcivilrightsfrombirthtodeathandshallenjoycivilrightsandassumecivilobligationsinaccordancewiththelaw.

　　Article10Allcitizensareequalasregardstheircapacityforcivilrights.

　　Article11Acitizenaged18orovershallbeanadult.Heshallhavefullcapacityforcivilconduct,mayindependentlyengageincivilactivitiesandshallbecalledapersonwithfullcapacityforcivilconduct.

　　Acitizenwhohasreachedtheageof16butnottheageof18andwhosemainsourceofincomeishisownlabourshallberegardedasapersonwithfullcapacityforcivilconduct.

　　Article12Aminoraged10orovershallbeapersonwithlimitedcapacityforcivilconductandmayengageincivilactivitiesappropriatetohisageandintellect;inothercivilactivities,heshallberepresentedbyhisagentadlitemorparticipatewiththeconsentofhisagentadlitem.

　　Aminorundertheageof10shallbeapersonhavingnocapacityforcivilconductandshallberepresentedincivilactivitiesbyhisagentadlitem.

　　Article13Amentallyillpersonwhoisunabletoaccountforhisownconductshallbeapersonhavingnocapacityforcivilconductandshallberepresentedincivilactivitiesbyhisagentadlitem.

　　Amentallyillpersonwhoisunabletofullyaccountforhisownconductshallbeapersonwithlimitedcapacityforcivilconductandmayengageincivilactivitiesappropriatetohismentalhealth;inothercivilactivities,heshallberepresentedbyhisagentadlitemorparticipatewiththeconsentofhisagentadlitem.

　　Article14Theguardianofapersonwithoutorwithlimitedcapacityforcivilconductshallbehisagentallitem.

　　Article15Thedomicileofacitizenshallbetheplacewherehisresidenceisregistered;ifhishabitualresidenceisnotthesameashisdomicile,hishabitualresidenceshallberegardedashisdomicile.

　　Section2Guardianship

　　Article16Theparentsofaminorshallbehisguardians.

　　Iftheparentsofaminoraredeadorlackthecompetencetobehisguardian,apersonfromthefollowingcategorieswhohasthecompetencetobeaguardianshallactashisguardian:

（1）paternalormaternalgrandparent;

（2）elderbrotherorsister;or

　　（3）anyothercloselyconnectedrelativeorfriendwillingtobeartheresponsibilityofguardianshipandhavingapprovalfromtheunitsoftheminorsparentsorfromtheneighbourhoodorvillagecommitteeintheplaceoftheminorsresidence.Incaseofadisputeoverguardianship,theunitsoftheminorsparentsortheneighbourhoodorvillagecommitteeintheplaceofhisresidenceshallappointaguardianfromamongtheminorsnearrelatives.Ifdisagreementovertheappointmentleadstoalawsuit,thepeoplescourtshallmakearuling.

　　Ifnoneofthepersonslistedinthefirsttwoparagraphsofthisarticleisavailabletobetheguardian,theunitsoftheminorsparents,theneighbourhoodorvillage