英语 高中英语阅读理解教育文化试题有答案和解析.docx

英语 高中英语阅读理解教育文化试题有答案和解析.docx

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英语高中英语阅读理解教育文化试题有答案和解析

（英语）高中英语阅读理解（教育文化）试题（有答案和解析）

一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类

1．阅读理解

   It'sacommonbeliefthattherolesactorsplaymightsomehowreflecttheirtruepersonalities.It'susuallynottrue,butBritishactressPhoebeWaller-Bridge,34,isanexception.

   JustlikeFleabag,thecharactersheplayedinthecomedy-dramaseriesofthesamename,Waller-Bridgefeelsthatherlifeisamess."It'sjustreallywonderfultoknowthatadirtyandmessedupwomancanmakeittotheEmmys,"shesaid.Shemaybe"messedup",butVarietymagazinecallsheran"all-aroundicon".

   Lastmonth,Waller-BridgetookhomethreeEmmyawardsforherworkonFleabag—bestwritinginacomedyseries,bestleadactress,andbestcomedyseries.

   Hersuccessispartlybecauseofherfamily.Waller-Bridgewasbroughtupinafreeenvironment.Hermotheralwaystoldher,"Youcanbewhateveryouwantifyouimagineit."SoWaller-Bridgebrokealltherulesaboutwhata"good"girlshoulddo."Ourlawsandmoralcodesdon'tapply—sheliveswithoutfearofconsequence,"TheSunnoted.

   Thatfearlessnessextendstobeingauthentic（真实的）inherwritingandacting.Unlikethecan-doheroinesandstrong,successfulwomeninmanyTVdramas,Waller-Bridgeshowsaflawedbutrealcharacter.ThecharacterFleabagwasascrew-upwhoalwaysfoundawaytosayordothewrongthing."Itresonatedwiththelivesofstressed-outwomeneverywhereinreality—doingtheirbesttofindbalanceintheirlives,"aviewerwroteonUSmoviewebsite.

   VillanelleinKillingEve,anotherhitTVseriesdevelopedbyWaller-Bridge,wasalittlebitviolentbutshowednointerestfortherulesotherscreated,whichmakemanypeopleseethemselvesinher.

   "Peoplehavebeenscaredtowritecharacterslikethese.ButIthink,now,womenaresorelievedtohavethisnewtemplate（样板）.And,aren'tweallabitofeverything?

"Waller-BridgesaidinaninterviewwithIndianExpress.

   Withsuchcourageandsincerity,Waller-Bridgeis,withoutadoubt,a"goldengirl"inHollywood,AustraliannewswebsiteTheNewDailycommented.

（1）Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?

A.WhathelpedWaller-Bridgesucceedincomedy.

B.Thepopularityofthecomedy-dramaseriesFleabag.

C.WhatinspiredWaller-Bridgetotakeupwritingandacting.

D.ThesimilaritiesbetweenPhoebeWaller-BridgeandthecharactersheplaysonFleabag.

（2）HowdidWaller-Bridge'sparentsinfluencehergrowth?

A.Theypushedhertofollowsocialcodes.

B.Theyconstantlyencouragedhertobeherself.

C.Theyalwaysremindedhertobecuriousandfearless.

D.Theytaughthertowriteandactwhenshewasyoung.

（3）Theunderlinedphrase"resonatedwith"inParagraph7probablymeans"__________".

A.messedup

B.paidattentionto

C.hadgreateffectson

D.wasinagreementwith

（4）WhatdoVillanelleinKillingEveandFleabaginFleabaghaveincommon?

A.Botharecourageousandorganized.

B.Botharemuchalikeincharacter.

C.Bothsuccessfullyfindbalanceintheirlives.

D.Botharerebelliousbutstrongandsuccessful.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了喜剧演员沃勒·布里奇，因其真诚的个性特点在喜剧上获得了成功，说明了勇于表达真实的自己更为人们欣赏。

（1）考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，本文介绍了喜剧演员沃勒·布里奇，因其真诚的个性特点在喜剧上获得了成功，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Hermotheralwaystoldher,‘Youcanbewhateveryouwantifyouimagineit.’SoWaller-Bridgebrokealltherulesaboutwhata‘good’girlshoulddo.”可知，她的父母不断鼓励她做自己想做的。

故选B。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据第七段中的“ThecharacterFleabagwasascrew-upwhoalwaysfoundawaytosayordothewrongthing.”可知，沃勒·布里奇在剧中表演的角色总是说错话或做错事；以及“thelivesofstressed-outwomeneverywhereinreality—doingtheirbesttofindbalanceintheirlives”可知，生活中压力大的女性在平衡她们生活时，也总是会犯错。

由此推测“resonatedwith”与“wasinagreementwith”有相近含义，可解释为“产生共鸣”。

故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第三段中的“VillanelleinKillingEve,anotherhitTVseriesdevelopedbyWaller-Bridge,wasalittlebitviolentbutshowednointerestfortherulesotherscreated,whichmakemanypeopleseethemselvesinher.”可知，Villanelle有点暴力，对其他人创造的规则毫无兴趣；根据倒数第四段中的“ThecharacterFleabagwasascrew-upwhoalwaysfoundawaytosayordothewrongthing.”可知，Fleabag是个捣蛋鬼。

两者的人物性格都有缺陷，有相似之处。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Deareditor（编辑）,

   Can'tyournewspaperdosomethingaboutthecustom（习惯）ofhitchhiking?

   Ashorttimeago,onacartravelIcountedatleast50peoplestandingbesidetheroad,askingforrides.Manyofthemwereyoungwomen.

   Don'ttheyunderstandhowdangerousitistogetintothecardrivenbyastranger?

Howmuchdotheyknowaboutthedriver?

Isheagooddriverornot?

Theyknownothing!

   Manyoftheseyounghitchhikersmaycomefromgoodfamilies.Don'ttheirparentsteachthemanythingabouttheworld?

Ialwaystaughtmychildrennottotalktostrangers.Ineverletthemtakeridesfrompeopletheydidn'tknow.

   Isn'tthereenoughcrime（犯罪）todaywithoutaskingfortroublebyhitchhiking?

Ontheotherhand,hitchhikingmaybringsometraffictrouble.Don'tyouthinkwhatIsaidistrue?

   AWorriedGrandfather

（1）Theword"hitchhiking"means        .

A. waitingforabusatthebusstop

B. drivingtosomewhereinadangerousway

C. goingsomewherebygettingfreeridesinothers'car

D. askingastrangerthewaywhoisinacar

（2）TheWorriedGrandfather           .

A. doesn'tlikeyoungwomentodrivecars

B. thinksitisdangerousforayoungwomantogetintoastranger'scar

C. likesdriverstobecarefulandstrictintheirwork

D. neverletshischildrengetintootherpeople'scar

（3）TheWorriedGrandfather           .

A. washitbyacarwhenhewasstandingbytheroad

B. isagooddriverandoftengivesfreeridestostrangers

C. isintroublenowandhewantstogetsomehelpfromthenewspaper

D. hasseenmuchoftheworldandheisverycareful

（4）TheWorriedGrandfatherwrotethelettertotell        .

A. thenewspapertoletitsreadersknowthedangerofhitchhiking

B. youngwomennevertogoonalongtravelalone

C. youngpeopletolistentotheirparentsathome

D. hischildrennottotalktostrangersontheroad

（5）Whatdoyouthinkagoodeditorisgoingtodoafterhegetstheletter?

A. Hewilleitherreturnthelettertotheoldmanorgiveittothepolicestation.

B. HewillwritebacktotheWorriedGrandfatherandtellhimnottohitchhike

C. Hewillwritesomethingaboutthedangerofhitchhikinginthenewspaper.

D. Hewillholdameetingtotellthedriverstomakelessthetraffictrouble.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）A

（5）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者认为搭便车，尤其是女性搭便车存在安全隐患。

他向报社求助，希望他们可以让公众意识到这个问题。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“onacartravelIcountedatleast50peoplestandingbesidetheroad,askingforrides.”在车上我看到至少有50个人站在路边请求搭车；以及第三段中的“Don'ttheyunderstandhowdangerousitistogetintothecardrivenbyastranger?

”难道他们不知道上陌生人的车有多危险吗？

可推测hitchhiking的意思是“免费乘坐陌生人的车去某地”。

故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“”Manyofthemwereyoungwomen.”；以及第三段中的“Don'ttheyunderstandhowdangerousitistogetintothecardrivenbyastranger?

”可知，作者认为女性搭便车非常危险。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“Ialwaystaughtmychildrennottotalktostrangers.Ineverletthemtakeridesfrompeopletheydidn'tknow.”和第五段中的“Isn'tthereenoughcrime（犯罪）todaywithoutaskingfortroublebyhitchhiking?

Ontheotherhand,hitchhikingmaybringsometraffictrouble.”可知作者一直教育他的孩子不要和陌生人讲话更不能坐陌生人的车，他认为即使没有搭便车所造成的麻烦，当今的犯罪已经够多了，而且搭便车还会给交通带来麻烦。

故推测作者是一个很细心而且见过很多事的人。

故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Don'ttheyunderstandhowdangerousitistogetintothecardrivenbyastranger?

Howmuchdotheyknowaboutthedriver?

Isheagooddriverornot?

Theyknownothing!

”可知作者认为很多人不知道搭便车很危险，故推测他写信的目的是让报纸提醒人们搭便车危险。

故选A。

（5）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Can'tyournewspaperdosomethingaboutthecustom（习惯）ofhitchhiking?

”作者反问报纸“难道你们的报纸不能为搭便车的习惯做些事吗？

”可推测，如果是一个好的编辑，在看到信后会写一篇关于搭便车会有安全隐患的文章刊登到报纸上。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Stressisoneofthemostcommoncausesofhealthproblemsinmodernlife.Toomuchstressresultsinphysical,emotional,andmentalhealthproblems.

   Therearenumerousphysicaleffectsofstress.Stresscanaffecttheheart.Itcanincreasethepulserate,maketheheartmissbeats,andcancausehighbloodpressure.Stresscanaffecttherespiratory（呼吸的）system.Itcanleadtoasthmaandcauseapersontobreathetoofast,resultinginalossofimportantcarbondioxide.Stresscanaffectthestomach.Itcancausestomachachesandproblemsofdigestingfood.Theseareonlyafewexamplesofthewiderangeofillnessesandsymptomsresultingfromstress.

   Emotionsarealsoeasilyaffectedbystress.Peoplesufferingfromstressoftenfeelanxious.Theymayhavepanicattacksandfeeltiredallthetime.Whenpeopleareunderstress,theyoftenoverreacttolittleproblems.Forexample,anormallygentleparentunderalotofstressatworkmayyellatachildfordroppingaglassofjuice.Stresscanmakepeopleangry,moody,ornervous.

   Long-termstresscanleadtoavarietyofseriousmentalillnesses.Depression,anextremefeelingofsadnessandhopelessness,canbetheresultofcontinuedandincreasingstress.Alcoholismandotheraddictionsoftendevelopasaresultofoveruseofalcoholordrugstotrytorelieve（释放）stress.Ifstressisallowedtocontinue,thenone'smentalhealthisputatrisk.

   Itisobviousthatstressisaseriousproblem.Itattacksthebody.Itaffectstheemotions.Untreated,itmayeventuallyresultinmentalillness.Stresshasagreatinfluenceonthehealth,ourfeelingsandourminds.So,reducestress:

stoptheworldandrestforawhile.

（1）Whatphysicaleffectsdoesstressresultin?

A.Overreactingtolittleproblems.

B.Makingbloodpressurelow.

C.Sufferingfromdepression.

D.Increasingthe