近五年高考英语听力场景词汇大汇总 考前一定要看.docx
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近五年高考英语听力场景词汇大汇总考前一定要看
近五年高考英语听力场景词汇大汇总!
考前一定要看!
高考考试的对话内容场景基本上都是考生所熟悉的,有校园、生活、工作、各种社交场所。
了解一些场景下的常用语和常见表达对解题是很有帮助的。
对这些常用词汇和短语不仅要知道其本身的意思,还要知道它们的同义表达方式。
这是因为现在听力试题一般不会在选项中出现对话中的原词和词组。
以下场景是对话当中所占比例最大的,掌握了这些场景下的常用短语和表达方式,也就从词汇和短语方面抓住了解题的关键。
(1)餐馆场景:
restaurant餐馆;cafeteria 自助餐厅;
buffet 自助餐;canteen;dininghall 食堂,餐厅;
coffeeshop;cafe咖啡屋 ;
snackbar 小吃街、大排挡
【gooutfordinner/dinnerout/eatout 出去吃饭】
waiter/waitress 男/女服务生;
order 点菜 ;serve 上菜 ;
menu 菜单;bill 账单
【paythebill 付账】
tip 小费;change 零钱
【Keepthechange!
不用找零钱了!
】
treat 请客
【Thisismytreat!
、 It’sonme!
我请客!
】
【goDutch ;Let’sgofiftyfifty. AA制】
【Helpyourself. 请随便吃】
knife刀;fork叉;chopsticks筷子;
spoon勺子;plate碟子;tray 托盘;
appetizer 开胃菜;dessert甜品,水果;
soup 汤 ;steak 牛排;cheese奶酪 ;
sandwich 三明治;hamburger 汉堡包;
Frenchfries 炸薯条;pizza 披萨;
bacon 培根 ; chicken鸡肉;
beef牛肉;pork猪肉
drink 喝,饮料;wine 红酒;
coke 可口可乐;
coffee咖啡;dressing 调味酱;
pepper胡椒;ketchup 番茄酱;
delicious、yummy 可口的;rare半熟的
(2)邮局场景:
stamp邮票;envelope 信封;
package/parcel 包裹;
parcelform包裹单;zipcode邮编;
weight重量;overweight 超重;
postage邮费;extrapostage 额外邮资;insurance保险;
send/post/deliveraletter/mail 寄 /发信;
delivery投递,传送;claim领取;
expressmail 快件;EMS特快专递;
airmail 航空信件; surfacemail 平邮;
ordinaryletter平信;
registeredletter挂号信。
(3)图书馆场景:
librarycard借书证;
borrow借入;lend借出;
keep持有,保管,存放;renew续借;return归还;
overdue 借书逾期;payafine 交罚款;
librarian 图书管理员;bookshelf书架;
novel小说;sciencefiction科幻小说;
magazine杂志; periodical期刊;referencebook参考书;
(4)校园场景:
tuition学费; scholarship奖学金;
term/semester 学期;seminar研讨班;
presentation 课堂发言;
assignment/homework作业;register 注册;
beabsent 缺席;finalexam 期末考试;
review/goover复习;fail/pass不及格/通过;
cutaclass逃课;graduate毕业;stationery文具;
essay论文;paper试卷;
attendalecture 听讲座 textbook 课本;
classroom 教师;laboratory实验室;
mark/grade 成绩;course 课程;
subject 学科;playground 操场
(5)医院及健康场景:
doctor医生;dentist牙医;physician内科医生;
surgeon外科医生;nurse护士;
hospital医院;clinic 诊所;
HealthCenter医疗中心;
emergencyroom/department 急诊室;
emergenttreatment急救处理;
firstaid 急救;treatment治疗手段;
checkup 检查;physicalexamination体检;
takeone’stemperature/bloodpressure
测量体温/血压;
showone’stongue伸出舌头;
writeaprescription开处方;
giveaninjection打针;
visitinghours 探视时间
medicine药;pills/tablets药丸/药片;
aspirin 阿司匹林; suffer from受…苦;
pain疼痛;headache头痛;stomachache肚子痛;
backache背痛;sore-throat喉咙痛;
cough咳嗽;fever发烧;cold/flu 感冒/流感
【have/catchacold患感冒】;
heartattack 心脏病;dizzy眩晕的;
——What’sup?
/Howisitgoing?
/Howareyou?
——I’mfine./Ifeelgood/terrific./Icouldn’tbebetter./Nothingisverywrongwithme. 好。
Iamnotfeelinggood./Ifeelterrible/horrible/awful./Iamnotmyselfthesedays. 不好。
(注意听语气:
身体好的时候,语调上扬,语气非常欢快; 身体不好的时候,降调,语气非常郁闷。
)
(6)电话场景:
operator 接线员
【Extensionsixtwotwosix,please.请转6226。
Thelineisbad/busy/engaged.Itkeptabusyline. 电话占线。
】
longdistancecall 长途电话;
collectcall 对方付费电话;putthrough 接通电话;
leaveamessage留口信;
dialthewrongnumber拨错号码;
call/telephone/ring/phonesb.;
givesb.acall/ring给某人打电话;
——Hello!
Thisis…speaking. 您好,我是…。
——Who’sspeaking?
/Whoisthat?
您是谁?
Holdon/Holdtheline,please. 请稍等,别挂断。
I’llcallbacklater/again.I’llringhim/herupagain.我一会儿再打。
Icouldn’tgetthrough.打不通;
Sorry,I’mafraidyouhavethewrongnumber.对不起,您拨错号啦。
(7)酒店场景:
makeareservation 预定房间;
receptiondesk 接待处;
reception服务台;receptionist 服务员;
accommodation住宿;registration登记;
checkin 入住;checkout 结帐;
Identity/IDcard 身份证;filloutaform填表;
singleroom 单间;doubleroom双人间;
suite套间;room number房间号;
roomkey房间钥匙;roomservice客房服务;
wake-upcall叫醒电话
DoyouhaveareservationSir?
先生,您预订了吗?
Haveyougotanyvacantroom?
(=Isthereanyroomavailablehere?
) 有空房间吗?
Alltheroomareoccupied. 房间已满。
CanIhaveasuiteplease?
有套间吗?
Howmuchdoyouchargeforthat?
如何收费?
Smokingornosmoking?
吸烟或不吸烟?
Mealsincluded. 包括饮食。
CanIshowyouyourroom?
我可以带你去你的房间?
CanIcarryyourluggage?
我可以帮你提行李吗?
(8)交通场景:
plane飞机;ship轮船;bus 公交车;
coach长途客车;train火车;
subway/underground 地铁;
railway 铁路;highway 公路;
sidewalk/pavement人行道;
one-waystreet 单行道;
rushhour交通高峰期;crowded拥挤的;
heavytraffic拥挤的交通;trafficjam交通阻塞;
trafficrules交通规则;trafficlights交通灯;
drivinglicense驾照; driver司机;
garage修车厂、车库;
caraccident/crash车祸;speed超速;r
untheredlight闯红灯;flattire爆胎;
scratches刮蹭;fix/repair修理;survive幸存
byplane/air乘飞机;bysea/land水路、陆路;
bysubway/underground 乘地铁;
transfer换乘、转机
MayIseeyourlicense,please?
我可以看看你的驾照,好吗?
Youwillbefinedby$20.
你将处以20元的罚款。
(9)机场场景:
airline航空公司;airway 航线;flight 航班;
book/serve预定; behindschedule 晚点;
cancel取消;customs海关; securitycheck安检;
passport护照;visa签证;
departurelounge 候机室;
departuregate登机口;checkin 办理登机手续;
onboard登机;boardingpass/card 登机牌;
luggage/baggage行李;suitcase行李箱;
takeoff 起飞;land降落;safelanding安全着陆
boundfor…飞往…方向去的;
departureto 前往;destination目的地;
departuretime起飞时间;
seesb.off为某人送行; pickup接机
【在飞机上】
awindowseat靠窗的座位;
anaisleseat靠走道的座位;captain机长;
pilot飞行员;airhostess/stewardess空姐;
fastenthesafety/safebelt系紧安全带;
airsick晕机;jetlag飞机时差反应;
(10)在火车站(Attherailwaystation):
booking/ticketoffice售票处;
conductor售票员; train 火车;
expresstrain特快列车;carriage车厢;
diningcar餐车;waitingroom 候车室;
platform 站台,月台;
onewaytrip/ticket 单程/单程票;
roundtrip/ticket往返/往返票;
ahardseat 硬座;asoftseat软座
(11)购物场景:
store 商店;grocery食品店;
departmentstore 百货商场;
shoppingcenter/mall 购物中心;
shopassistant店员;counter 柜台;
receipt 收据;deliver 送货; refund 退款;
bargain便宜货;outofstock 脱销/缺货;
instock 有货;sellingseason 销售旺季;
onsale打折;50%off 打五折;
a30%discount打七折;
catalogue 产品目录;
Commodityinformation商品信息;
brand 品牌; size尺码;color颜色;
style样式;price价格;
【Whatcolor/size/kinddoyouwant?
您需要什么样的颜色/多大尺寸/哪种?
】
second-hand 二手的;popular/fashionable 流行的;
infashion 流行,时尚;
outoffashion 过时的;
商品论贵贱expensive,cheap;
价格论高低high,low;
payincash 用现金支付;
payincheck 用支票支付;
creditcard 信用卡;
paybyinstallment 分期付款;
【在服装店(Inaclothingstore/shop)】
trousers 裤子 clothes 衣服;skirt裙子;
shirt衬衫;jacket夹克;coat上衣;
abiggersize 稍大一点尺寸;
whatsize 多大尺寸;
thisstyle这种式样;
fityou合你身;tryon试穿;match 相配
(12)天气场景:
fine 晴朗的;sunny/bright/clear 阳光明媚的;
overcast 多云;cloudy 阴;humid 湿润的;
wet 潮湿的; rainy有雨的; clearup 天空放晴;
freezing-cold 冰冷的;hot炎热的;cool凉爽的;
warm暖和的;mild温和的;windy有风的;
calm无风的;breeze微风; moderate 风力不大;
strong/highwinds 大风;tornado 龙卷风;
typhoon 台风;fog雾;snow雪;
drizzle毛毛细雨;light rain小雨;
shower 阵雨;storm 暴风雨;
downpour倾盆大雨;
【Itrainscatsanddogs.(=Therainispouring.)下着倾盆大雨】
thunder 打雷; blizzard大风雪;
snowstorm暴风雪;
【weatherinLondon/Seattle 意指不好的天气;weatherinCalifornia 意指好天气】
经常和天气相联系的情况:
vacation(假期)和 flight(航班)
(bedelayed延误/cancelled取消bythebadweather)。
putawayclothes 下雨收衣服;
(13)银行场景:
businesshour 营业时间;deposit存款;
withdraw 取款;openanaccount 开户;
savingsaccount 储蓄账户;
checkaccount 支票账户;
interestrate 利率;cashacheck兑现支票
(14)常见的身份与职业:
part-timejob 兼职工作; full-timejob 全职工作
psychologist心理学家;principal校长;
professor 教授;postman 邮递员;
driver司机;policeman 警察;
firefighter 消防员;assistant 助手/助教;
receptionist接待员;typist 打字员;
cashier收纳;waiter 服务员;
passenger 乘客;ticketseller 售票员;
conductor 售票员,列车长;
salesman销售员;nurse 护士;
housewife 家庭主妇;lawyer律师;
engineer 工程师;architect建筑师;
chef厨师;guide 导游;
reporter/journalist 记者;editor 编辑;
author作家;pianist钢琴家;
musician音乐家;singer歌手;
photographer 摄影师;artist艺术家;
designer设计师;scientist科学家;
barber理发师;butcher屠夫;tailor裁缝
(15)人物关系relationship:
strangers陌生人;neighbors邻居;
classmates同学;colleagues/co-workers同事;
friends朋友; husband andwife 夫妻;
guest andreceptionist客人与接待员;
doctor and patient医生与病人;
teacher and student师生;
boss and secretary老板和秘书;
policeman anddriver警察与司机;
interviewer andinterviewee面试官与面试者;
employerandemployee 雇主与员工;
shopassistant/waiter and customer营业员与顾客;
parent andchild 父母与子女
(14)工作:
jobopportunity 工作机会;interview面试;
resume简历;educational background教育背景;
applicationletter 求职信;recommendation 推荐信;
certificate 助手;qualification资历;
experience 经验;position 职位;salary 薪水;
allowance津贴;promotion晋升;vacation休假;
break 短暂休息;retire 退休;workovertime加班;
shiftwork 倒班工作;askforleave 请假;
sickleave 病假;haveaweekoff 休一周假;
clerk职员;secretary秘书;manager经理;
HR manager人事经理;general manager总经理;
client客户
(15)兴趣爱好:
hobby 兴趣; entertainment 娱乐;
gotothecinema/movies/theatre 去看电影;
comedy喜剧;tragedy悲剧;
actionmovie 动作片;cartoon 动画片;
documentary 纪录片;thriller 惊悚片;
horrorfilm恐怖片;detectivemovie侦探片;
westernfilm西部片;soapopera 肥皂剧
hiking 徒步旅行;camping野营;
diving潜水;surfing冲浪;skiing滑雪;
seashore 海岸;beach海滩;
sun-burnt 晒黑的;palace宫殿;castle城堡
(16)运动:
competition 竞赛;sportsfield运动场;
club俱乐部;sportsman/athlete/player运动员;
coach教练;champion冠军;
gold/silver/bronzemedal金/银/铜牌;
basketball篮球;football美式足球;
soccer英式足球;volleyball排球;
baseball棒球;tennis网球;
tabletennis乒乓球;golf高尔夫;
jogging慢跑;swimming游泳;
wrestling摔跤;shooting射击;
boxing拳击;weightlifting举重;
relayrace接力赛;
breaktheworldrecord 打破世界纪录
(17)观光旅游:
vacation/holiday 假日;
historicalspots/relics 古迹;scenery 风景;
museum博物馆;mountain山脉;river河流;
lake 湖泊;waterfall瀑布;beach 沙滩;
island 岛屿;lawn 草地;temple寺庙;
zoo动物园;travel/trip/tour/voyage
旅行;travelagency 旅行社;
aguidedtour 有导游的旅行;
gosightseeing观光; hotel 宾馆;
souvenir 纪念品;ticket 票
景点评论:
fascinating/breathtaking 激动人心的;
thrilling 刺激的;refreshing清爽的;
unforgettable难忘的;
terrific/fantastic极好的;
(18)租房:
landlord 房东;landlady女房东;
rent租/租金;deposit押金;contract合同;
furnished 有家具电器的;furniture 家具;
heat暖气;gas煤气;electricity 电;
lift 电梯;stairs 楼梯;balcony阳台;
livingroom起居室;guestroom客厅;
dinningroom 餐厅;kitchen 厨房;
bathroom 浴室;toilet 卫生间;
basement 地下室
(19)日常生活:
housework 家务;channel频道;
cook烹饪;diningtable饭桌;fridge冰箱;
television电视;oven烤箱;cabinet 橱柜;
dishwasher洗碗机;sheet床单;
blanket毯子;carpet地毯;curtain窗帘;
towel毛巾;shampoo洗发水;
soap肥皂;haircut理发;shaver剃须刀