届高考英语人教必修四精析讲义Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Warming UpReadingPrereading含答案.docx

届高考英语人教必修四精析讲义Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Warming UpReadingPrereading含答案.docx

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届高考英语人教必修四精析讲义Unit2SectionⅠWarmingUpReadingPrereading含答案

　　EstablishingahumancolonyontheMoonandtravellingtoMarshasbeenthestuffofdreamssincethedawnofthespaceage.

Butthesevisionsfacemanyhurdles（障碍）.Howcanhumanssurviveformonthsoryearsintheultrahostile（极端恶劣的）environmentofspace?

What,forinstance,willtheyeat?

AgriculturalresearchersataDutchuniversitysaytheyaretakingthefirststepstowardsprovidingananswer.

TheyaregrowingvegetablesinsoilssimilartothosefoundontheMoonandMars,lookingforwaysofhelpingspacepioneersgrowtheirowncrops.“WhenpeoplegototheMoonandMarstheyalsohavetoeat,andit’seasiestforthemtogrowtheirownfood，”saidWiegerWamelink,surroundedbyseveraldozenplantsinaspecialgreenhouseatWageningen,anagriculturaluniversityincentralNetherlands.

“WewantedtouserealMartianandlunarsoil,toseeifplantswouldactuallygrowinit，”Wamelinktoldreporters.

Ofcourse,gettingreallunarandMartianpottingsoilisanimpossibletask.ButanInternetsearchrevealedanunlikelysupplier:

NASA.

“TheUSspaceagencymakesgroundsimilartothatontheMoonfromsandfoundinanArizonadesert,whileMars’crimson’soil’isscooped（舀；掏）fromavolcanoinHawaii，”Wamelinktoldreporters.

Thefirstexperimentsstartedin2013afterWageningenreceivedanorderof100kilograms（220pounds）ofNASA’simitation“spacesoil”—ataheftypriceof2,000euros（D|S2,285）.

“Toworkinthissoilwasveryspecial.Nobody,notevenNASA,couldtelluswhatwouldhappen,evenjustbysimplyaddingwater，”hesaid.Theimitationgroundatfirstwasalittle“reluctant”toabsorbwater,butsoonturnedouttobegoodpottingsoil.

“EspeciallyintheMartiansoil,plantsweregrowingveryfastandverygood.Theyevenstartedtoflower,somethingthatweneveranticipated（预料，预见），”Wamelinksaid.

Section_Ⅰ

WarmingUp&Reading—Prereading

APIONEER①FORALLPEOPLE

AlthoughheisoneofChina’smostfamousscientists,YuanLongpingconsidershimselfafarmer,forheworkstheland②todohisresearch.Indeed,hissunburnt③faceandarmsandhisslim,strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers,④forwhomhehasstruggled⑤forthepastfivedecades⑥.YuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuper⑦hybrid⑧rice⑨.In1973,hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowrice⑩thathasahighoutput⑪.Thisspecialstrain⑫ofricemakesitpossibletoproduce20%moreofthecrop⑬inthesamefields⑭.Nowmorethan60%ofthericeproducedinChina⑮eachyearisfromthishybridstrain.

Bornin1930,YuanLongpinggraduatedfromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953.Sincethen,findingwaystogrowmorerice⑯hasbeenhislifegoal.Asayoungman,hesawthegreatneedforincreasingthericeoutput.Atthattime,hunger⑰wasadisturbing⑱probleminmanypartsofthecountryside.YuanLongpingsearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpanding⑲theareaofthefields.In1950,Chinesefarmerscouldproduceaboutfiftysixmilliontonsofrice.Inarecentharvest,however,nearlytwohundredmilliontonsofricewasproduced.Theseincreasedharvests⑳meanthat22%oftheworld’speoplearefedfromjust7%ofthefarmlandintheworld.YuanLongpingisnowcirculating

hisknowledgeinIndia,Vietnam

andmanyotherlessdevelopedcountriestoincreasetheirriceharvests.Thanksto

hisresearch,theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattle

toridtheworldof

hunger.Usinghishybridrice

，farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeas

before.

①pioneern．开拓者；先锋；先驱

②worktheland耕种土地

work在此处意为“管理，经营，耕种”，是及物动词。

③sunburnt/’sʌnbɜːnt/adj.晒黑的

④forwhomhehasstruggled＝whomhehasstruggledfor。

⑤struggle/’strʌɡl/vi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力

⑥decade/’dekeId/n.十年；十年期

forthepastfivedecades在过去的50年里，与现在完成时连用。

⑦super/’sjuːpə/adj.特级的；超级的

常用来构成合成名词，如：

supermarket“超市”，superman“超人”。

⑧hybrid/’haIbrId/adj.混合的；杂种的n．杂交种；混血儿

⑨whatiscalledsuperhybridrice是what引导的宾语从句，what意为“……的东西；……的事情”。

⑩动词不定式togrowrice作定语，修饰pioneer。

当词前有序数词或最高级修饰时，多用动词不定式而非分词短语作定语。

⑪output/’aʊtpʊt/n.产量；输出（反义词：

input）

⑫strain/streIn/n.（植物的）品种；种类

⑬crop/krɒp/n.庄稼；农作物；产量

⑭makesitpossible是“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，其中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是toproduce20%moreofthecropinthesamefields。

⑮过去分词短语producedinChina作后置定语，修饰rice。

⑯动名词短语findingwaystogrowmorerice在句中作主语，动词不定式短语togrowmorerice作定语，修饰ways。

⑰hunger/’hʌŋɡə/n.饥饿；欲望vt.&vi.（使）饥饿

haveastronghungerforsth.有得到某物的强烈欲望

⑱disturbing/dI’stɜːbIŋ/adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的

⑲expand/Ik’spænd/vt.&vi.使变大；伸展

⑳过去分词increased作定语，修饰harvests。

circulate/’sɜːkjʊleIt/vt.&vi.循环；流传

circulateknowledge传播知识

Vietnam/ˌvjet’næm/n.越南（东南亚国家）

thanksto幸亏；由于；因为

battle/’bætl/n.战役；战斗；较量；斗争vt.&vi.搏斗；奋斗

rid...of使……摆脱或除去

rid/rId/vt.摆脱；除去

现在分词短语usinghishybridrice作原因状语。

twiceaslargeas……的两倍大

造福全人类的先驱

[第1～2段译文]

尽管他是中国最著名的科学家