高三英语阅读理解人物故事的技巧及练习题及练习题含答案.docx
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高三英语阅读理解人物故事的技巧及练习题及练习题含答案
高三英语阅读理解（人物故事）的技巧及练习题及练习题（含答案）
一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类
1．阅读理解
AthrillingpolarcompetitionbetweentwoadventurerstocrossAntarcticaalone,unsupportedandunassistedhadahappyendingwithbothexplorersachievingtheunprecedentedfeat（功绩）.AmericanprofessionalathleteColinO'BradyandBritishArmyCaptainLouisRuddsetoffamileapartatthesametimeonNovember3,2018,fromtheAtlanticcoastwiththeaimtobecomethefirstpersontoskiacrosstheremotecontinentalone.
LouisRuddmaintainedtheleadatfirst.However,O'BradycaughtupwithRuddonNovember10andneverlettheBritishmangetclosetohimagain.O'Bradywasthefirsttoconquerthe930mileicyland,arrivingattheRossIceShelfonthePacificcoastbywayoftheSouthPoleonDecember26,2018.The33-year-oldspent54daysskiingtheworld'scoldestcontinentwhilepullinga300-poundsled（雪橇）withsupplies.
Insteadofleavingtheharshenvironmentaftercompletingthehistoricadventure,theexplorersetupatentontheworld'slargesticesheetandwaitedpatientlyforRuddtocompletethegreatundertaking.OnDecember29,justthreedaysafterO'Bradyarrived,theBritishexplorerfinishedhisadventure,becomingtheworld'ssecondpersontocompletethesolocrossingofthefrozencontinent.
Ruddwasnotdisappointedatbeingsecondsinceheneverconsideredittobea "race".Besides,the49-year-oldBritishArmyCaptainhadamoreselflessmotiveforattemptingthefeat.HewasdoingitinmemoryofhisfriendHenryWorsley,whohadintroducedhimtopolarexploration.ThedisasterhappenedwhileWorsleywastryingtocrossthecontinentalonein2016.Ruddsaid,"Ididn'twanttogetdrawnintoarace.AllthatmatteredtomewasthatIcompletedit,andthatIskiedsoloandunsupported,carryingtheflagwithHenry'snameonit."
Afterspendingafewdayscamping10feetawayfromeachother,thetwoadventurerswerepickedupbyahelicoptertotheSouthPolescientificresearchstation.
（1）WhatdoColinO'BradyandLouisRuddhaveincommon?
A. TheybecamethefirstexplorerstocrossAntarcticaalone,unaided.
B. TheybecamethefirstadventurerstoskiacrossAntarctica.
C. ThisisthefirsttimethattheyhavearrivedattheSouthpole.
D. TheycrossedAntarcticainhonoroftheirfriendHenryWorsley.
（2）Whatdoyouknowaboutthefirstleg（第一段賽程）oftherace？
A. O'BradyskiedalongwithLouisRuddsidebyside.
B. O'Brady'ssledwithfoodsuppliesbrokedown.
C. LouisRuddlostthetagwithHenry'snameonit.
D. O'BradyfellbehindLouisRuddforthefirstweek.
（3）WhatcanweinferaboutHenryWorsley?
A. HeusedtoencourageO'BradytoexploretheAntarctic.
B. Helosthislifeinaterribletrafficaccidentin2016.
C. HediedwhilehewasattemptingtocrosstheAntarcticalone.
D. HehelpedLouisRuddcompletethehistoricadventure.
（4）HowdidthetwoadventurersreturntotheSouthPolescientificresearchstation?
A. Onfoot.
B. Byair.
C. Byland.
D. Bywater.
【答案】
（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，两个冒险家在无人帮助的情况下独自滑雪穿越南极大陆，但是两个人的目的不同。
（1）考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“AthrillingpolarcompetitionbetweentwoadventurerstocrossAntarcticaalone,unsupportedandunassistedhadahappyendingwithbothexplorersachievingtheunprecedentedfeat（功绩）.”以及“withtheaimtobecomethefirstpersontoskiacrosstheremotecontinentalone.”可知，两人的目标都是成为滑雪穿越南极洲的第一人，并且两人都获得成功，这是他们的共同之处，故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“LouisRuddmaintainedtheleadatfirst.However,O'BradycaughtupwithRuddonNovember10”以及第一段可知，他们于11月3日出发，O'Brady赶上LouisRudd是11月10日，可以得出，LouisRudd领先时间为一周，故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。
根据倒数第二段中的“ThedisasterhappenedwhileWorsleywastryingtocrossthecontinentalonein2016.”可知，Worsley在2016年独自穿越南极洲的时候遇难，故选C。
（4）考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的“Afterspendingafewdayscamping10feetawayfromeachother,thetwoadventurerswerepickedupbyahelicoptertotheSouthPolescientificresearchstation”可知，最后两人被直升飞机带去的南极科考站，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
UnbelievableStoriesofAnimalsActingJustLikeHumans
Horsesarepickyeaters
Horseshaveanevenbettersenseofsmellthanhumansdo.Whenhorsesraisetheirnosesandopentheirnostrils（鼻孔）,theirnervoussystemallowsthemtosensesmellswecan'tsense.Thismightexplainwhytheyrefusedirtywaterandcarefullymovearoundmeadows,eatingonlythetastiestgrasses,expertssay.
Whalesaysthanks
In2011,awhaleexpertspottedahumpbackwhaletrappedinafishingnetandspentanhourfreeingit.Afterward,inanhour-longdisplayofthanks,thewhaleswamneartheirboatandleapedintotheairabout40times.
Pandasliketobenaughty
Isthereanythingmorelovelythanababypanda,exceptmaybeahumanbaby?
Infact,babypandassometimesbehavelikehumanbabies.Theysleepinthesamepositionsandvaluetheirthumbs.Pandasareshybynatureforitsshybehaviorssuchascoveringitsfacewithapawofduckingitsheadwhenconfrontedbyastranger.
Acathonorsitsowner
Papertowels,andaplasticcuparejustafewofthegiftsthatToldo,adevotedthree-year-oldgray-and-whitecat,hasplacedonhisformerownerIozzelliRenzo'sgraveeverydaysincethemandiedinSeptember2011.RenzoadoptedToldofromashelterwhenthecatwasthreemonthsold,andthetwoformedaninseparablebond.AfterRenzopassedaway,Toldofollowedthecoffintothecemetery,andnow"standsguard"atthegraveforhoursatatime.
（1）Whatcanhorsesdotopickdeliciousgrasses?
A. Feelthem.
B. Tastethem.
C. Smellthem.
D. Observethem.
（2）Whatdothewhaleandthecathaveincommonaccordingtothepassage?
A. Theyareclever.
B. Theyhaveagratefulheart.
C. Theyareactiveandlovely.
D. Theyhaveagoodsenseofsmell.
（3）Whichofthefollowingactslikeahumanbabyaccordingtothepassage?
A. Thewhale. B. Thecat. C. Thehorse. D. Thepanda.
【答案】
（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了4个令人难以置信的动物与人类行为类似的故事。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据Horsesarepickyeaters部分介绍的内容可知，马的嗅觉比人类还要强。
当马抬起鼻子打开鼻孔时，它们的神经系统让它们感觉到我们感觉不到的气味。
因此它们能够拒绝脏水，只吃最美味的草。
这说明马靠嗅觉辨别草的好坏。
故选C。
（2）考查推理判断。
根据Whalesaysthanks可知，这条鲸鱼通过跳跃表达对拯救它的救命恩人的感激。
根据Acathonorsitsowner的内容可知，这只猫到墓地去怀念自己的主人。
由此可知，两者共同之处在于都有一颗感恩之心。
故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。
根据Pandasliketobenaughty中的“Infact,babypandassometimesbehavelikehumanbabies”可知，熊猫宝宝的行为与人类的婴儿相似。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
JonHoffmanwassittingataredlightwhenhesawamanrunoutofastorecarryingaplasticdonationjarfullofcash.ThePlano,Texas,detective,dressedinplainclothesbutwearinghisbadge（徽章）andgun,caughtthemanandpinnedhimtothehoodofhiscar.ButHoffmanhadtroublecontainingthethief,andtheygotintoastruggle.
"Thedetectivehasamartialartsbackground,andhesaidhethoughtthesuspectmusthaveamartialartsbackground,too,becausehewasabletobreakawaysoeasily,"aPlanopolicespokespersonsaid.
Thedetectivecalledoutforhelpasacrowdgathered.Amongthosewatching:
AndreHarveyandKirbySample,twodaylaborers.Harveydidwhathasbecomecommonthesedays—hetookouthisphoneandhitrecord."Ihatetosayit,butIthoughtthatthispolicemanwasdoingsomethingillegal,"Harveysaid."Butwhenheaskedforhelp,Ithought,well,therewon'tbeashootingifIgetoverthereintime.”Harveyjumpedintoaction—whilehewasstillrecordingthevideo—asdidSample.
"Harveycaughtholdofthesuspect'sarms,whileKirbyseizedhislegs,andtheywereabletogetthesuspecttothegroundtohelpDetectiveHoffmanputthehandcuffs（手铐）on,"saidthepolicespokesperson.The27-year-oldsuspectwaschargedwithresistingarrestandotheroffenses.Thecharityjarhestoleheldlessthan$50.
"I'vebeenonthewrongsideofthelawseveraltimesinmylife,"HarveytoldWFAA."Itfeelsgoodtobeontherightsideanddosomethingpositive."
Afterthearrest,thethreemengottoknoweachotheroversteaksandribsatalocalsteakhouse—Hoffman'streat,asathank-you.ButtherescuerssayHoffmandeservescredittoo."Itcouldhaveturnedrealugly."Sampletoldthemedia"Hehandledhimselflikearealprofessional."
（1）WhatmadeHoffmancallforhelpwhenarrestingthesuspect?
A. Hewasnotonduty.
B. Heneededwitnessestosupporthim.
C. Hewantedtopushthethiefintothecar. D. Hecouldn'tcontrolthesuspect.
（2）WhydidHarveyandKirbyrecordthesceneatthebeginning?
A. Tofollowthefashion.
B. Tokeeptrackofthecriminal.
C. Torecordthedetective'sviolence.
D. Toavoidbeinginvolvedintheincident.
（3）WhatcanbeinferredaboutHarvey?
A. Hewasreadytoviolatethelaw. B. Hemighthavehadsomeillegalbehaviour.
C. Hewasoutofworkatthattime. D. Hehadagoodmartialartsbackground.
（4）WhatisHarveyandSample'sattitudetowardsHoffman?
A. Appreciative.
B. Prejudiced.
C. Skeptical.
D. Cautious.
【答案】
（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，侦探JonHoffman在捉偷善款的小偷时遇到困难寻求帮助，AndreHarvey和KirbySample帮助了他。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“ButHoffmanhadtroublecontainingthethief,andtheygotintoastruggle.”可知，Hoffman控制住那个嫌疑人有困难，并且他们扭打在一起。
故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“hetookouthisphoneandhitrecord.“Ihatetosayit,butIthoughtthatthispolicemanwasdoingsom
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