高考英语 阅读理解系列训练19.docx

高考英语 阅读理解系列训练19.docx

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高考英语阅读理解系列训练19

高考英语阅读理解系列训练（19）

第三部分　阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

（2012·北京西城期末改编）

TrafficManagement

Trafficlightsarekeytoolsforregulatingtrafficflow.Theyarenot，however，perfect.Driverscomplainthetrafficjamsthatwouldhappenatunmanagedcrossingsforapatternofstopgomovementthatcanstillbeannoying，andwhichburnsmorefuelthanasmoothpassage.

Creatingsuchasmoothpassagemeansadjustingavehicle'sspeedsothatitalwaysarrivesatthelightswhentheyaregreen.Thatistheoreticallypossible，butpracticallyhard.Roadsidesignswiredtotrafficlightscanhelpgetthemessageacrossacouplehundredmetresfromacrossing，butsuchsignsareexpensive，andarenotwidespread.MargaretMartonosiandEmmanouilKoukoumidisatPrincetonUniversity，an

dLiShiuanPehattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology，however，haveanideathatcouldmaketheprocesscheaperandmoreeffective.Insteadofahardwirednetworkofsigns，theyproposetousemobilephoneapplications.

Foradrivertobenefit，hemustloadtheteam'ssoftware，namedSignalGuru，intohisphoneandthenputitonaspecialthingattachedtotheinsideofhiscar'swindscreen，withthecameralens（镜头）pointingforward.SignalGuruisdesignedtodetecttrafficlightsandtracktheirstatusasred，yelloworgreen.Itbroadcaststhisinformationtootherphonesintheareathatarefittedwiththesamesoftware，and—ifthereareenoughofthem—thephonesthuseachknowthestatusofmostofthelightsaroundtown.Usingthisinformation，SignalGuruisabletocalculatethetrafficlightschedulefortheareaandsuggestthespeedatwhichadrivershouldtravelinordertoavoidredlights.

TestsinCambridge，Massachusetts，wherefivedriverswereaskedtofollowthesamerouteforthreehours，andinSingapore，whereeightdriverswereaskedtofollowoneoftworoutesfor30minutes，revealedthatSignalGuruwascapableofpredictingtrafficlightactivitywithanaccuracyof98.2%and96.3%respectively，inthetwocities.Thiswas

particularlyimpressivebecauseinCambridgethelightsshifted，roughlyhalfwaythroughthetest，fromtheirunbusyscheduletotheirafternoontrafficschedule，whileinSingaporelightsareadaptive，usingdetectorsfixedundertheroadtodeterminehowmuchtrafficispresentandthuswhenasignalshouldchange.InneithercasewasSignalGurufooled.

Fuelconsumptionfell，too—byabout20%.SignalGuruthusreducesbothannoyanceandfueluse，andmakesgoingbackandforthtoworkaslightlylesshorribleexperience.

56．Roadsidesignswiredtotrafficlightsarenotthebestwaytocreateasmoothpassagebecause______.

A．theyareexpensiveandeasilybreak

B．theyaretoocostlyandnotwidelyused

C．theyarecomplexandconfusingtodrivers

D．theyaretheoreticallypossiblebutpracticallyuseless

57．SignalGuruisanapplicationusedon______.

A．acameraB．acomputer

C．amobilephoneD．aGPSsysteminone'scar

58．Withtheinformationitcollectsandprocesses，SignalGuruisableto______.

A．helpdriversavoidtrafficaccidentsB．helpdriverstoadjusttheirspeed

C．changethetrafficlightsinadvanceD．sendinformationtoallcellphones

59．ThetestsinCambridgeandSignaporewereimpressivebecauseSignalGuru______.

A．provedtobeunreliableB．operatedatahighspeed

C．functionedratherstablyD．understooddrivers'schedules

56．B　根据文章第二段第三句中的“...butsuchsignsareexpensive，andarenotwidespread.”可知应选B项。

57．C　根据第三段第一句中的“Foradrivertobenefit，hemustloadtheteam'ssoftware，namedSignalGuru，intohisphone...”可知，SignalGuru是一种安装在手机里的应用软件，故选C项。

58．B　根据第三段的最后一句“Usingthisinformation，SignalGuruisabletocalculatethetrafficlightschedulefortheareaandsuggestthespeedatwhichadrivershouldtravelinordertoavoidredlights.”可知，SignalGuru可以帮助司机调整车速，避免等红灯。

59．C　根据第四段中的“ThiswasparticularlyimpressivebecauseinCambridge...InneithercasewasSignalGurufooled.”可知，在这两个试验中，虽然各有干扰因素，但是SignalGuru运作相当稳定，并未受到“愚弄”，因此选C项。

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（2012·陕西师大附中月考）

Increasingly，Americansarebecomingtheirowndoctors，bygoingonlinetodiagnosetheirsymptoms，orderhomehealthtestsormedicaldevices，orevenselftreattheirillnesseswithdrugsfromInternetpharmacies（药店）．Someavoiddoctorsbecauseofthehighcostofmedicalcare，especiallyiftheylackhealthinsurance.Ortheymaystaybecausetheyfinditembarrassingtodiscusstheirweight，alcoholconsumptionorcouchpotatohabits.Patientsmayalsofearwhattheymightlearnabouttheirhealth，ortheydistrustphysiciansbecauseofnegativeexperiencesinthepast.Butplayingdoctorcanalsobeadeadlygame.

Everyday，morethansixmillionAmericansturntotheInternetformedicalanswers—mostofthemaren'tnearlyskepticalenoughofwhattheyfind.A2002surveybythePewInternet&AmericanLifeProjectfoundthat72percentofthosesurveyedbelieveallormostofwhattheyreadonhealthwebsites.Theyshouldn't.Lookup“headache”，andthechancesoffindingreliableandcompleteinformation，freefromamotivationforcommercialgain，areonlyoneinten，reportsanApril2005BrownMedicalSchoolstudy.Ofthe169websitestheresearchersrated，only16scoredas“highquality”．Recentstudiesfoundfaultyfactsaboutallsortsofotherdisorders，causingoneresearchteamtowarnthatalargeamountofincomplete，inaccurateandevendangerousinformationexistsontheInternet.

Theproblemisthatmostpeopledon'tknowthesafewaytosurftheWeb.“TheyuseasearchenginelikeGoogle，get18trillionchoicesandstartclicking.Butthat'srisky.Becausealmostanybodycanputupasitethatlooksauthoritative（权威的），it'shardtoknowwhetherwhatyou'rereadingisreasonableornot，”saysDr.SarahBassfromtheNationalCancerInstitute.

60．Accordingtothetext，anincreasingnumberofAmericans______.

A．aresufferingfrommentaldisordersB．turntoInternetforhelp

C．liketoplaydeadlygameswithdoctorsD．areskepticalaboutsurfingmedicalwebsites

61．AccordingtothestudyofBrownMedicalSchool，______.

A．morethan6millionAmericansdistrustdoctors

B．only1/10ofmedicalwebsitesaimtomakeaprofit

C．about1/10ofthewebsitessurveyedareofhighquality

D．72%ofhealthwebsitesofferincompleteandfaultyinformation

62．Whichofthefollowingistheauthor'smainargument?

A．It'scheaptoselftreatyourownillness.

B．It'sembarrassingtodiscussyourbadhabits.

C．It'sreasonabletoputupamedicalwebsite.

D．It'sdangeroustobeyourowndoctor.

63．AccordingtoDr.SarahBass，whatistheproblemwiththepeopleturningtotheInternetformedicalhelp?

A．Theyhavenoideawhatsearchenginesaresafe.

B．Theyalwaysclicktoomanyauthoritativesites.

C．TheyareeagertoapplywhattheyreadontheNet.

D．Theydon'tknowhowtogetsafeinformationwhilesurfingtheInternet.

60．B　由全文第一句“Increasingly，Americansarebecomingtheirowndoctors，bygoingonlinetodiagnosetheirsymptoms...”可知答案为B项。

61．C　由第二段中的“Ofthe169websitestheresearchersrated，only16scoredas‘highquality’．”可知，169家保健网站，只有16家安全可靠，即占约1/10。

故答案为C项。

62．D　文章首先谈到越来越多的美国人生病不再去看医生，而通过上网买药治病，自己当医生；下文又讲到网上的信息并不安全可靠，许多网站存在不完整、不准确，甚至是危险的信息。

故作者认为自己诊治自己的做法是危险的。

63．D　由最后一段内容尤其是第一句可知Dr.SarahBass认为多数人并不知道如何在网上得到安全可靠的信息。

***********************************************************结束

（2012·山西山大附中月考）

AwardwinningauthorEmmaDonoghue'slatestbook，Room，isauniqueandamazingstoryaboutaboy'sexperiencelivinginasmall，windowlessroomwithhismother.The11squarefootspacebetweenthewallsoftheroomisactuallyalltheboyknowsbecausehewasbornthereandhasneverleft.Roomwillhorrify，surprise，sadden，andfinallydelightyou.Attractedfromthestart，readersofallsortswon'twanttoputRoomdown.

◆FirstpublishedintheU．S.inSeptember2010

◆Publisher：

LittleBrown

◆321pages

LiterarymasterIanMcEwanreturnswithSolar，anovelaboutaNobelPrizewinningphysicist.Thephysicist'spersonallifeisinamessashisfifthmarriagebreaksup，butthistimeheactuallyloveshiswifeandwantstomakethingsbetter.Solarisafunnystory，completelyunusualandasgoodasanythingthewriterhaseverwritten.

◆PublishedinMarch2010

◆Publisher：

KnopfDoubleday

◆304pages

OneDaybyDavidNichollswasaninternationalbestsellerbeforeitwasreleasedintheU．S.inJune.Althoughitiswellwrittenandfunnyattimes，don'tbefooled—thisisn'taromanticcomedy.Ifyoudecidetoreadit，bepreparedforsomeheavymoments.

◆PublishedintheU．S.inJune2010

◆Publisher：

VintageContemporaries

◆437pages

FallofGiantsbyKenFollettisthefirstbookinanewtrilogy（threebooks）thatwilltakereadersthroughthemajoreventsofthetwentiethcenturybyfollowingfivefamilies.InFallofGiants，mostoftheactioncentersonWorldWarⅠandtheBolshevikRevolution.AlthoughFallofGiantsismorethan1,000pagesandhasmanycharacters，thestoryisremarkablyconnected.

◆PublishedinSeptember2010

◆Publisher：

Dutton

◆1008pages

64．Accordingtothetext，thelatestandlongestnovelis______.

A．RoomB．SolarC．OneDayD．FallofGiants

65．Wecanknowfromthetextthat______.

A．themaincharacterofRoomhasawiderangeofknowledge

B．SolaristheonlybookthatIanMcEwanhaseverwritten

C．allthefourbookswerenotpublishedinthesamemonth

D．OneDayisafunnyromanticcomedythatsellsverywell

66．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A．IanMcEwan'sfifthmarriagebrokeup.

B．RoombyEmmaDonoghuehasahappyending.

C．ThepublisherofOneDayisLittleBrown.

D．DuttonandKenFollettarebothpublishers.

64．D　根据四本书的出版时间和页数可知选D项。

65．C　根据四本书的出版时间可知，一本在3月出版，一本是在6月出版，还有两本在9月出版，故C项正确。

66．B　从第一段的“...finallydelightyou.”可知，Room这本书有一个愉快的结局。

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