雅思阅读动植物类真题及答案ThePearl.docx

雅思阅读动植物类真题及答案ThePearl.docx

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雅思阅读动植物类真题及答案ThePearl

雅思阅读动植物类真题及答案：

ThePearl

雅思阅读动植物类真题：

ThePearl

ThePearl

A

Throughouthistory,pearlshaveheldauniquepresencewithinthewealthy

andpowerful.Forinstance,thepearlwasthefavoredgemofthewealthy

duringtheRomanEmpire.Thisgiftfromtheseahadbeenbroughtbackfrom

theorientbytheRomanconquests.Romanwomenworepearlstobedso

theycouldberemindedoftheirwealthimmediatelyuponwakingup.Before

jewelerslearnedtocutgems,thepearlwasofgreatervaluethanthediamond.

IntheOrientandPersiaEmpire,pearlsweregroundintopowderstocure

anythingfromheartdiseasetoepilepsy,withpossibleaphrodisiacusesaswell.

Pearlswereonceconsideredane某clusiveprivilegeforroyalty.Alawin1612

drawnupbytheDukeofSa某onyprohibitedthewearingofpearlsbynobility,

professors,doctorsortheirwivesinanefforttofurtherdistinguishroyal

appearance.AmericanIndiansalsousedfreshwaterpearlsfromtheMississippi

Riverasdecorationsandjewelry.

B

Thereareessentiallythreetypesofpearls:

natural,culturedandimitation.A

naturalpearl（oftencalledanOrientalpearl）formswhenanirritant,suchas

apieceofsand,worksitswayintoaparticularspeciesofoyster,mussel,or

clam.Asadefensemechanism,themollusksecretesafluidtocoattheirritant.

Layeruponlayerofthiscoatingisdepositedontheirritantuntilalustrous

pearlisformed.

C

Theonlydifferencenaturalpearlsandculturedpearlsisthattheirritantis

asurgicallyimplantedbeadorpieceofshellcalledMotherofPearl.Often,

theseshellsaregroundoystershellsthatareworth

significantamountsofmoneyintheirownrightas

irritant-catalystsforqualitypearls.Theresulting

coreis,muchlargerthaninanaturalpearl.Yet,

aslongasthereareenoughlayersofnacre（the

secretedfluidcoveringtheirritant）toresultina

beautiful,gem-qualitypearl,thesizeofthenucleus

isofnoconsequencetobeautyordurability.

D

Pearlscancomefromeithersaltorfreshwatersources.Typically,saltwater

pearlstendtobehigherquality,althoughthereareseveraltypesoffreshwater

pearlsthatareconsideredhighinqualityaswell.Freshwaterpearlstendto

beveryirregularinshape,withapuffedriceappearancethemostprevalent.

Nevertheless,itiseachindividualpearlsmeritsthatdeterminesvaluemore

thanthesourceofthepearl.Saltwaterpearloystersareusuallycultivatedin

protectedlagoonsorvolcanicatolls.However,mostfreshwaterculturedpearls

soldtodaycomefromChina.Culturedpearlsaretheresponseoftheshelltoa

tissueimplant.Atinypieceofmantletissuefromadonorshellistransplanted

intoarecipientshell.Thisgraftwillformapearlsacandthetissuewill

precipitatecalciumcarbonateintothispocket.Thereareanumberofoptions

forproducingculturedpearls:

usefreshwaterorseawatershells,transplant

thegraftintothemantleorintothegonad,addasphericalbeadordoitnonbeaded.

Themajorityofsaltwaterculturedpearlsaregrownwithbeads.

E

Regardlessofthemethodusedtoacquireapearl,theprocessusuallytakes

severalyears.Musselsmustreachamatureage,whichcantakeupt03years,

andthenbeimplantedornaturallyreceiveanirritant.Oncetheirritantis

inplace,itcantakeuptoanother3yearsforthepearltoreachitsfullsize.

Often,theirritantmayberejected,thepearlwillbeterrificallymisshapen,or

theoystermaysimplydiefromdiseaseor

countlessothercomplications.Bytheend

ofa5t010yearcycle,only50%ofthe

oysterswillhavesurvived.Andofthepearls

produced,onlyappro某imately5%areof

substantialqualityfortopjewelrymakers.

Fromtheoutset,apearlfannercanfigure

onspendingover$100foreveryoyster

thatisfarmed,ofwhichmanywillproduce

nothingordie.

F

Imitationpearlsareadifferentstory

altogether.Inmostcases,aglassbeadis

dippedintoasolutionmadefromfish

scales.Thiscoatingisthinandmay

eventuallywearoff.Onecanusually

tellanimitationbybitingonit.Fake

pearlsglideacrossyourteeth,whilethe

layersofnacreonrealpearlsfeelgritty.

TheIslandofMallorca（inSpain）isknownforitsimitationpearlindustry.

Qualitynaturalpearlsareveryrarejewels.Theactualvalueofanaturalpearl

isdeterminedinthesamewayasitwouldbeforother“precious”gems.

Thevaluationfactorsincludesize,shape,color,qualityofsurface,orient

andluster.Ingeneral,culturedpearlsarelessvaluablethannaturalpearls,

whereasimitationpearlsalmosthavenovalue.Onewaythatjewelerscan

determinewhetherapearlisculturedornaturalistohaveagemlabperform

an某-rayofthepearl.Ifthe某-rayrevealsanucleus,thepearlislikelyabeadnucleated

saltwaterpearl.Ifnonucleusispresent,butirregularandsmalldark

innerspotsindicatingacavityarevisible,combinedwithconcentricringsof

organicsubstance,thepearlislikelyaculturedfreshwater.Culturedfreshwater

pearlscanoftenbeconfusedfornaturalpearlswhichpresentashomogeneous

pictureswhichcontinuouslydarkentowardthesurfaceofthepearl.Natural

pearlswilloftenshowlargercavitieswhereorganicmatterhasdriedoutand

decomposed.Althoughimitationpearlslookthepart,theydonothavethe

sameweightorsmoothnessasrealpearls,andtheirlusterwillalsodimgreatly.

Amongculturedpearls,AkoyapearlsfromJapanaresomeofthemostlustrous.

Agoodqualitynecklaceof40Akoyapearlsmeasuring7mmindiametersells

forabout$1,500,whileasuper-highqualitystrandsellsforabout$4,500.Size

ontheotherhand,hastodowiththeageoftheoysterthatcreatedthepearl（the

morematureoystersproducelargerpearls）andthelocationinwhichthepearl

wascultured.TheSouthSeawatersofAustraliatendtoproducethelarger

pearls;probablybecausethewateralongthecoastlineissuppliedwithrich

nutrientsfromtheoceanfloor.Also,thetypeofmusselcommontothearea

seemstopossessapredilectionforproducingcomparativelylargepearls.

G

Historically,theworld’sbestpearlscamefromthePersianGulf,especially

aroundwhatisnowBahrain.ThepearlsofthePersianGulfwerenatural

createdandcollectedbybreath-holddivers.Thesecrettothespeciallusterof

Gulfpearlsprobablyderivedfromtheuniquemi某tureofsweetandsaltwater

aroundtheisland.Unfortunately,thenaturalpearlindustryofthePersianGulf

endedabruptlyintheearly1930’swiththediscoveryoflargedepositsof

oil.Thosewhooncedoveforpearlssoughtprosperityintheeconomicboom

usheredinbytheoilindustry.Thewaterpollutionresultingfromspilledoil

andindiscriminateover-fishingofoystersessentiallyruinedtheoncepristine

pearlproducingwatersoftheGulf.Today,pearldivingispracticedonlyas

ahobby.Still,Bahrainremainsoneoftheforemosttradingcentersforhigh

qualitypearls.Infact,culturedpearlsarebannedfromtheBahrainpearl

market,inanefforttopreservethelocation’sheritage.Nowadays,thelargest

stockofnaturalpearlsprobablyresidesinIndia.Ironically,muchofIndia’s

stockofnaturalpearlscameoriginallyfromBahrain.UnlikeBahrain,which

hasessentiallylostitspearlresource,traditionalpearlfishingisstillpracticed

onasmallscaleinIndia.

雅思阅读真题答案解析——pearl珍珠

1A

【原文参考依据-A】第2句话thepearlwasthefavoredgemofthwealthyduringtheRomanEmpire.在罗马帝国时代，珍珠是深受富人喜爱的宝物。

2E

【原文参考依据-E】第一句话Regardlessofthemethodusedtoacquireapearl,theprocessusuallytakesseveralyears.不管用什么方法去获取珍珠，这个过程通常需要几年。

所以对应题干中的difficulties.

3F

4C

【原文参考依据-c】第一句话TheonlydifferencenaturalpearlsandculturedpearlsisthattheirrtantisasurficallyimplantedbeadorpieceofshellcalledMotherofPearl.天然珍珠和人工养殖珍珠的唯一差别在于人工养殖珍珠的刺激物是一个通过外科手术植入的珠子或者小块的壳，被称作珍珠母。

5B

【原文参考依据-A】第四句话Romanwomenworepearlstobedsotheycouldberemindedoftheirwealthimmediatelyuponwakingup.罗马女人还戴着珍珠上床睡觉，这样她们一觉醒来看到珍珠的时候，马上就能看到自己是多么的富有。

6J【原文参考依据-A】第6句话IntheorientandPersiaEmpire,pearlsweregroundintopowderstocureanythingfromheartdiseasetoepilepsy,withpossibleaphrodisiacaswell.在亚洲和波斯特帝国，珍珠被磨成珍珠粉用来治疗从心脏病到癫痫的各种疾病。

7K【原文参考依据-F】TheIslandofMallorca（inSpain）isknownforitsimitationpearlindustry.西班牙的马略卡岛以生产人造珍珠首饰而著名

8F【原文参考依据-F】Amongculturedpearls,AkoyapearlsfromJapanaresomeofthemostlustrous.产自日本的珍珠是所有人工养殖珍珠中光泽度最亮的一种。

9C【原文参考依据-F】倒数第二句TheSouthSeawatersofAustraliatendtoproducethelargepearls;probablybecausethewateralongthecoastlineissupplicedwithrichnutrientsfromtheoceanfloor.产自澳大利亚的南海海域的珍珠个头一般更大。

10D【原文参考依据-G末句】UnlikeBahrain,whichhasessentiallylostitspearlresource,traditionalpearlfishingisstillpracticedonasmallinIndia.在印度，小规模的传统潜水收集珍珠作业仍然存在。

11TRUE【原文参考依据-C】第三句话Theresultingcoreis,therefore,muchlargerthaninanaturalpearl.因此，人工养殖珍珠的内核比天然珍珠要大。

12FALSE【原文参考依据-F第10句话】Ingeneral,culturedpearlsarelessvaluablethannaturalpearls,whereasimitationpearlsalmosthavenovalue.总体来说，人工养殖珍珠的价值比不过天然珍珠，而人造珍珠就更没有价值可言了。

题目中说养殖的珍珠和天然的珍珠价值是一样的显然是错误的，所以答案是False.

13TRUE【原文参考依据-F倒数第2句话】heSouthSeawatersofAustraliatendtoproducethelargepearls;probablybecausethewateralongthecoastlineissupplicedwithrichnutrientsfromtheoceanfloor.产自澳大利亚的南海海域的珍珠个头一般更大。

14NOTGIVEN

雅思阅读技巧之词汇+总结

雅思阅读技巧锦囊一：

英语词库

所谓英语词库是英语对英语的词库而非是英语对汉语的词库。

每个烤鸭都清楚雅思是国际性考试而非中国性质考试，单词背其中文意思在考试过程中是无效的，题目和文章都没有中文的出现。

雅