雅思阅读动植物类真题及答案ThePearl.docx

雅思阅读动植物类真题及答案ThePearl.docx

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雅思阅读动植物类真题及答案ThePearl

雅思阅读动植物类真题及答案：

ThePearl

做好雅思的阅读题除了把握对的〔方法〕，也离不开我们日常的辛勤练习，下面我给大家带来雅思阅读动〔植物类〕真题及答案：

ThePearl，一起加油吧！

雅思阅读动植物类真题：

ThePearl

ThePearl

A

Throughouthistory,pearlshaveheldauniquepresencewithinthewealthy

andpowerful.Forinstance,thepearlwasthefavoredgemofthewealthy

duringtheRomanEmpire.Thisgiftfromtheseahadbeenbroughtbackfrom

theorientbytheRomanconquests.Romanwomenworepearlstobedso

theycouldberemindedoftheirwealthimmediatelyuponwakingup.Before

jewelerslearnedtocutgems,thepearlwasofgreatervaluethanthediamond.

IntheOrientandPersiaEmpire,pearlsweregroundintopowderstocure

anythingfromheartdiseasetoepilepsy,withpossibleaphrodisiacusesaswell.

Pearlswereonceconsideredanexclusiveprivilegeforroyalty.Alawin1612

drawnupbytheDukeofSaxonyprohibitedthewearingofpearlsbynobility,

professors,doctorsortheirwivesinanefforttofurtherdistinguishroyal

appearance.AmericanIndiansalsousedfreshwaterpearlsfromtheMississippi

Riverasdecorationsandjewelry.

B

Thereareessentiallythreetypesofpearls:

natural,culturedandimitation.A

naturalpearl（oftencalledanOrientalpearl）formswhenanirritant,suchas

apieceofsand,worksitswayintoaparticularspeciesofoyster,mussel,or

clam.Asadefensemechanism,themollusksecretesafluidtocoattheirritant.

Layeruponlayerofthiscoatingisdepositedontheirritantuntilalustrous

pearlisformed.

C

Theonlydifferencenaturalpearlsandculturedpearlsisthattheirritantis

asurgicallyimplantedbeadorpieceofshellcalledMotherofPearl.Often,

theseshellsaregroundoystershellsthatareworth

significantamountsofmoneyintheirownrightas

irritant-catalystsforqualitypearls.Theresulting

coreis,muchlargerthaninanaturalpearl.Yet,

aslongasthereareenoughlayersofnacre（the

secretedfluidcoveringtheirritant）toresultina

beautiful,gem-qualitypearl,thesizeofthenucleus

isofnoconsequencetobeautyordurability.

D

Pearlscancomefromeithersaltorfreshwatersources.Typically,saltwater

pearlstendtobehigherquality,althoughthereareseveraltypesoffreshwater

pearlsthatareconsideredhighinqualityaswell.Freshwaterpearlstendto

beveryirregularinshape,withapuffedriceappearancethemostprevalent.

Nevertheless,itiseachindividualpearlsmeritsthatdeterminesvaluemore

thanthesourceofthepearl.Saltwaterpearloystersareusuallycultivatedin

protectedlagoonsorvolcanicatolls.However,mostfreshwaterculturedpearls

soldtodaycomefromChina.Culturedpearlsaretheresponseoftheshelltoa

tissueimplant.Atinypieceofmantletissuefromadonorshellistransplanted

intoarecipientshell.Thisgraftwillformapearlsacandthetissuewill

precipitatecalciumcarbonateintothispocket.Thereareanumberofoptions

forproducingculturedpearls:

usefreshwaterorseawatershells,transplant

thegraftintothemantleorintothegonad,addasphericalbeadordoitnonbeaded.

Themajorityofsaltwaterculturedpearlsaregrownwithbeads.

E

Regardlessofthemethodusedtoacquireapearl,theprocessusuallytakes

severalyears.Musselsmustreachamatureage,whichcantakeupt03years,

andthenbeimplantedornaturallyreceiveanirritant.Oncetheirritantis

inplace,itcantakeuptoanother3yearsforthepearltoreachitsfullsize.

Often,theirritantmayberejected,thepearlwillbeterrificallymisshapen,or

theoystermaysimplydiefromdiseaseor

countlessothercomplications.Bytheend

ofa5t010yearcycle,only50%ofthe

oysterswillhavesurvived.Andofthepearls

produced,onlyapproximately5%areof

substantialqualityfortopjewelrymakers.

Fromtheoutset,apearlfannercanfigure

onspendingover$100foreveryoyster

thatisfarmed,ofwhichmanywillproduce

nothingordie.

F

Imitationpearlsareadifferentstory

altogether.Inmostcases,aglassbeadis

dippedintoasolutionmadefromfish

scales.Thiscoatingisthinandmay

eventuallywearoff.Onecanusually

tellanimitationbybitingonit.Fake

pearlsglideacrossyourteeth,whilethe

layersofnacreonrealpearlsfeelgritty.

TheIslandofMallorca（inSpain）isknownforitsimitationpearlindustry.

Qualitynaturalpearlsareveryrarejewels.Theactualvalueofanaturalpearl

isdeterminedinthesamewayasitwouldbeforother“precious”gems.

Thevaluationfactorsincludesize,shape,color,qualityofsurface,orient

andluster.Ingeneral,culturedpearlsarelessvaluablethannaturalpearls,

whereasimitationpearlsalmosthavenovalue.Onewaythatjewelerscan

determinewhetherapearlisculturedornaturalistohaveagemlabperform

anx-rayofthepearl.Ifthex-rayrevealsanucleus,thepearlislikelyabeadnucleated

saltwaterpearl.Ifnonucleusispresent,butirregularandsmalldark

innerspotsindicatingacavityarevisible,combinedwithconcentricringsof

organicsubstance,thepearlislikelyaculturedfreshwater.Culturedfreshwater

pearlscanoftenbeconfusedfornaturalpearlswhichpresentashomogeneous

pictureswhichcontinuouslydarkentowardthesurfaceofthepearl.Natural

pearlswilloftenshowlargercavitieswhereorganicmatterhasdriedoutand

decomposed.Althoughimitationpearlslookthepart,theydonothavethe

sameweightorsmoothnessasrealpearls,andtheirlusterwillalsodimgreatly.

Amongculturedpearls,AkoyapearlsfromJapanaresomeofthemostlustrous.

Agoodqualitynecklaceof40Akoyapearlsmeasuring7mmindiametersells

forabout$1,500,whileasuper-highqualitystrandsellsforabout$4,500.Size

ontheotherhand,hastodowiththeageoftheoysterthatcreatedthepearl（the

morematureoystersproducelargerpearls）andthelocationinwhichthepearl

wascultured.TheSouthSeawatersofAustraliatendtoproducethelarger

pearls;probablybecausethewateralongthecoastlineissuppliedwithrich

nutrientsfromtheoceanfloor.Also,thetypeofmusselcommontothearea

seemstopossessapredilectionforproducingcomparativelylargepearls.

G

Historically,theworld’sbestpearlscamefromthePersianGulf,especially

aroundwhatisnowBahrain.ThepearlsofthePersianGulfwerenatural

createdandcollectedbybreath-holddivers.Thesecrettothespeciallusterof

Gulfpearlsprobablyderivedfromtheuniquemixtureofsweetandsaltwater

aroundtheisland.Unfortunately,thenaturalpearlindustryofthePersianGulf

endedabruptlyintheearly1930’swiththediscoveryoflargedepositsof

oil.Thosewhooncedoveforpearlssoughtprosperityintheeconomicboom

usheredinbytheoilindustry.Thewaterpollutionresultingfromspilledoil

andindiscriminateover-fishingofoystersessentiallyruinedtheoncepristine

pearlproducingwatersoftheGulf.Today,pearldivingispracticedonlyas

ahobby.Still,Bahrainremainsoneoftheforemosttradingcentersforhigh

qualitypearls.Infact,culturedpearlsarebannedfromtheBahrainpearl

market,inanefforttopreservethelocation’sheritage.Nowadays,thelargest

stockofnaturalpearlsprobablyresidesinIndia.Ironically,muchofIndia’s

stockofnaturalpearlscameoriginallyfromBahrain.UnlikeBahrain,which

hasessentiallylostitspearlresource,traditionalpearlfishingisstillpracticed

onasmallscaleinIndia.

雅思阅读真题答案解析——pearl珠宝

1A

【原文参考根据-A】第2句话thepearlwasthefavoredgemofthwealthyduringtheRomanEmpire.在罗马帝国时代，珠宝是深受富人宠爱的宝贝。

2E

【原文参考根据-E】第一句话Regardlessofthemethodusedtoacquireapearl,theprocessusuallytakesseveralyears.不管用什么方法去获取珠宝，这个过程通常需要几年。

所以对应题干中的difficulties.

3F

4C

【原文参考根据-c】第一句话TheonlydifferencenaturalpearlsandculturedpearlsisthattheirrtantisasurficallyimplantedbeadorpieceofshellcalledMotherofPearl.自然 珠宝和人工养殖珠宝的唯一差异在于人工养殖珠宝的刺激物是一个通过外科手术植入的珠子或者小块的壳，被称作珠宝母。

5B

【原文参考根据-A】第四句话Romanwomenworepearlstobedsotheycouldberemindedoftheirwealthimmediatelyuponwakingup.罗马女人还戴着珠宝上床睡觉，这样她们一觉醒来看到珠宝的时候，马上就能看到自己是多么的富有。

6J【原文参考根据-A】第6句话IntheorientandPersiaEmpire,pearlsweregroundintopowderstocureanythingfromheartdiseasetoepilepsy,withpossibleaphrodisiacaswell.在亚洲和波斯特帝国，珠宝被磨成珠宝粉用来治疗从心脏病到癫痫的各种疾病。

7K【原文参考根据-F】TheIslandofMallorca（inSpain）isknownforitsimitationpearlindustry.西班牙的马略卡岛以生产人造珠宝首饰而有名

8F【原文参考根据-F】Amongculturedpearls,AkoyapearlsfromJapanaresomeofthemostlustrous.产自日本的珠宝是全部人工养殖珠宝中光泽度最亮的一种。

9C【原文参考根据-F】倒数第二句TheSouthSeawatersofAustraliatendtoproducethelargepearls;probablybecausethewateralongthecoastlineissupplicedwithrichnutrientsfromtheoceanfloor.产自澳大利亚的南海海域的珠宝个头一般更大。

10D【原文参考根据-G末句】UnlikeBahrain,whichhasessentiallylostitspearlresource,traditionalpearlfishingisstillpracticedonasmallinIndia.在印度，小规模的传统〔潜水〕收集珠宝作业仍旧存在。

11TRUE【原文参考根据-C】第三句话Theresultingcoreis,therefore,muchlargerthaninanaturalpearl.因此，人工养殖珠宝的内核比自然 珠宝要大。

12FALSE【原文参考根据-F第10句话】Ingeneral,culturedpearlsarelessvaluablethannaturalpearls,whereasimitationpearlsalmosthavenovalue.总体来说，人工养殖珠宝的价值比不过自然 珠宝，而人造珠宝就更没有价值可言了。

题目中说养殖的珠宝和自然 的珠宝价值是一样的明显是错误的，所以答案是False.

13TRUE【原文参考根据-F倒数第2句话】heSouthSeawatersofAustraliatendtoproducethelargepearls;probablybecausethewateralongthecoastlineissupplicedwithrichnutrientsfromtheoceanfloor.产自澳大利亚的南海海域的珠宝个头一般更大。

14NOTGIVEN

雅思阅读技巧之词汇+〔总结〕

雅思阅读技巧锦囊一：

英语词库

所