全国职称英语等级考试卫生类A级试题及答案.docx
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全国职称英语等级考试卫生类A级试题及答案
2008年全国职称英语等级考试
卫生类(A级)试题
第1部分:
词汇选项(第1~15题,每题l分,共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线,请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1 Withimmenserelief,Istoppedrunning.
Asome B enormousC little Dextensive
2 Thescientistsbegantoaccumulatedata.
A collectB handle C analyze Dinvestigate
3 Jackeventuallyovertookthelasttruck.
A h-l B passed C reachedDled
4 Sometimesitisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance.
ApossibleB profitableC easyDwise
5 Thereasonfortheirunusualbehaviorremainsapuzzle.
A factB mysteryC statementDgame
6 Thatguyisreallywitty.
A smartB uglyC honorableDpopular
7 Theworldchampion,sufferedasensationaldefeat.
A reasonableB dramaticC humiliatingDhorrifying
8 ItseemsthatonlyMaryiseligibleforthejob.
A preparedB trainedC qualified Dguided
9 ThispoemdepictsthebeautifulsceneryofatownintheSouth.
A praisesB writesC imitatesDdescribes
10Themeaningisstillobscure.
A vagueB transparentC alienDsignificant
11Dumpedwastemightcontaminatewatersupplies.
A destroyB decreaseC delayDpollute
12OnetheorypostulatesthattheancientFilipinoscamefromIndiaandPersia.
A assumesB expectsC predictsDconsiders
13Itisverydifficultforachildtoadheretorules.
A rememberB followC understandDlearn
14Ihopethatldidn’tdoanythingabsurdlastnight.
A awkwardB strangeC stupidDawful
15Thereshouldbelawsthatprohibitsmokingaroundchildren.
A forbidB advocateC inheritDwithdraw
第2部分:
阅读判断(第16~22题,每题l分,共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C。
SleepProblemsPlaguetheOlderSet
OlderAmericansoftenhavedifficultygettingagoodnight’srest.It'sahugequality-of—lifeproblem,expertssay,becausecontrarytopopularbelief,seniorsrequireaboutthesameamountofsleepasyoungeradults.
"Sleepproblemsandsleepdisordersarenotaninherent(固有的)partofaging,"saidDr.HarrisonG.Bloom,anassociateclinicalprofessorofgeriatrics(老年病学)andmedicineattheMountSinaiSchoolofMedicineinNewYorkCity."It'sprettymuchofamyththatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungerpeople."
Yet,inastudypublishedrecentlyinTheAmericanJournalofMedicine,researchersfoundthatmorethanhalfofolderAmericanshaveproblemsgettingthesleeptheyneed.
Olderpeopletendtohave"sleepfragmentation."meaningtheywakeupmoreoftenduringthenight,saidstudyauthorDr.JulieGammack,anassistantprofessorofmedicineintheDivisionofGeriatricMedicineatSt.LouisUniversity.
Theyalsoseemtogetless"REM"sleep,thetypeofsleepduringwhichrapideyemovementoccurs,Bloomadded.
It'sunclearwhatrolethesenaturallyoccurringchangesinsleeppatternshaveonaperson’squalityoflife,Bloomsaid."Whatisimportant,though,isthatolderpeopleoftenhaveactualsleepdisordersandproblemswithsleep."hesaid.
And,expertssay,thereisusuallymorethanonecause.
"Sleeptroubleinolderadultsistypicallyassociatedwithacuteandchronicillnesses.includingspecificsleepdisorderslikesleepapnea(呼吸暂停)andrestlesslegsyndromethatappearwithgreaterfrequencyinolderpopulations,"saidMichaelV.Vitiello,aprofessorofpsychiatryandbehavioralsciencesandassociatedirectoroftheUniversityofWashington'sNorthwestGeriatricEducationCenter.
Takingmultiplemedications,asmanyolderpeopledo,canalsoleadtofatigueand"hypersomnia,"orbeingtiredallthetime,Bloomadded.
Anotherbigproblem,henoted,isdepressionandanxiety."Thoseareverycommonlyassociatedwithsleepproblems."
Despitetheprevalence(流行)ofsleepdifficultiesinolderadults,manypatientsaren'tgettingthehelptheyneed.Asaresult,problemslikeinsomnia(失眠),restlesslegsyndromeandsleepapneaareunder-diagnosedandundertreated.Bloomsaid.
16 Sleepproblemscanseriouslyaffectone’squalityoflife.
ARightB WrongCNotmentioned
17 Itistruethatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungerpeople.
ARightB WrongCNotmentioned
18 YoungerpeopleinAmericaseldomcomplainofsleepdisorders.
ARightB WrongCNotmentioned
19ThenumberofolderAmericanswithsleepproblemsisnotsmall.
ARightB WrongCNotmentioned
20〝Sleepfragmentation〞referstoamarkedlackof〝REM〞sleep.
ARightB WrongCNotmentioned
21Thecausesofsleepproblemsinolderpeopleremainunidentified.
ARightB WrongCNotmentioned
22ActionswillsoonbetakeninAmericatobetterhelppeoplewithsleepproblems:
ARightB WrongCNotmentioned
第3部分:
概括大意与完成句子(第23~30题,每题l分,共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第l~4段每段选择1个最佳标题;
(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
DepressionandtheElderly
1Weallfeelsadattimes.However,clinicaldepressionisaseriousmatter.Clinicaldepressionsometimescalledmajordepression,isabiologicallybasedbraindisorderthataffectsone’sthoughts,feelings,behavior,andphysicalhealth.WhenpeoplecomplainthattheyfeelterribletheyhavenoInterestortakenopleasureinthings,havetroublesleeping,lackenergy,havepoorappetite,orcannotconcentrate,depressionisadefinitepossibility.
2Depressioninitsmanyformsaffectsmorethan6.5millionofthe35millionAmericanswhoare65yearsorolder.Mostolderpeoplewithdepressionhavebeensufferingfromepisodes(发作)oftheillnessduringmuchoftheirlives.Forothers,depressionhasafirstonset(起病)inlatelife-evenforthoseintheir80sand90s.Depressioninolderpersonsiscloselyassociatedwithdependencyanddisabilityandcausesgreatsufferingfortheindividualandthefamily.
3Manyolderpeopleandtheirfamiliesdon'trecognizethesymptomsofdepression,aren’tawarethatitisamedicalillness,anddon'tknowhowitistreated.Othersmaymistakethesymptomsofdepressionassignsofdementia(痴呆).Also,manyolderpeoplethinkthatdepressionisacharacterflaw(缺陷)andareworriedaboutbeingstigmatized(给…带来耻辱),sotheyblamethemselvesfortheirillnessandaretooashamed(羞耻的)togethelp.Othersworrythattreatmentwouldbetoocostly.
4Olderpersonswithdepressionrarelyseektreatmentfortheillness.Unrecognizedanduntreateddepressionhasfatalconsequencesintermsofbothsuicideandnon—suicidemortality(死亡率).ThehighestrateofsuicideintheUSisamongolderwhitemen.Depressionisthesinglemostsignificantriskfactorforsuicideinthatpopulation.Tragically,manyofthosepeoplewhogoontocommitsuicidehavereachedoutforhelp-20%seeadoctorthedaytheydie.40%theweektheydie。
and70%inthemonththeydie.Yetdepressionisfrequentlymissed.
23 Paragraphl
24 Paragraph2
25 Paragraph3
26 Paragraph4
AHowcommonisdepressioninlaterlife?
BWhatisdepression?
CWhatrelievesdepressioninolderpeople?
DWhydoesdepressioninolderpeopleoftengountreated?
ECandepressioninolderpeoplebetreated?
FWhataretheconsequencesofuntreateddepressioninolderpeople?
27 Clinicaldepressionisdifferentfrom .
28 Depressioninolderpeopleisstronglylinkedwith .
29 Depressionisregardedbymanyolderpeopleas .
30 Manyolderpeoplecommitsuicideasaresultof .
A acharacterflaw
B normalsadnessandgrief
C adefinitepossibility
D dependency;anddisability
E asignificantriskfactor
F unrecognizedanduntreateddepression
第4部分:
阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,共45分)
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题。
请根据短文内容,为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇
CentersoftheGreatEuropeanCities
ThecentersofthegreatcitiesofEuropearemeetingplacesbytradition.Peoplegathertheretodrinkcoffeeandchatlateintothenight.Amixtureoflocalsandtouristsmakeforanexciting,metropolitanatmosphere.
Squares,plazas(广场)andarcades(拱廊)formtheheartofEurope'scities.
VeniceinItalyhasthePiazzaSanMarco-abeautifulsquaresurroundedbyshops,ChurchesrestaurantsandcafesinBarcelona.Spain.LaBosqueriaisalivelymarketwithhundredsofstallssellingallkindsofgoods.London’sCoventGardenisfilledwithfruitandvegetablestallsbydayandmusicians,acrobats(杂技演员)andartistsbynight.Thegovernmentbuildingsatthecenterofmanycitiesoftenarearchitecturallyimpressive.InLondon,theyserveasabeautifulbackdrop(背景)tothecoffeetablesthatlinethestreetsandthebanksoftheThames.
Thesevibrant(有活力的)heartsaretheproductofcenturiesofevolution,SocialhistorianJoelGarreautoldUSNewsandWorldReportrecently,"ThereasonpeoplethinkVeniceissogreattodayisyoudon'tseeallthemistakes."saidGarreau,"Thosehaveallbeenremoved."MostEuropeancitieswerelaidoutbeforetheinventionofthecar,sobars,restaurantsandcafeswereneartopeople’shomes.TodaythefocusofmanyEuropeans'lifehasmovedawayfromthecenters.Theyliveinthesuburbsandoutskirtsdrivingtosupermarketstogettheirsupplies.Butonacontinentwherepeopletreasureconvention,therearestillthosewhoholdontotraditionalways,livingandshoppinglocally.Thesepeople,togetherwithtourists,providethecitycenterswiththeirreasonforexistence.
Coffeecultureplaysapartinkeepingthesecitycentersflourishing.ThisisparticularlytrueofPariswhosecitizensarefamousenthusiasticconversationalists.Thisskillisdevelopedovermanyhoursspentchattingoverespressos(浓咖啡)andcigarettes.
Religionalsoplaysaroleindevelopingsociableatmosphere.PeopleinRomanCatholiccountriesusedtovisittheChurchonanalmostdailybasis.Entirecommunitieswouldgatherinthesamebuildingandthenmoveouttothemarkets,cafésandbarsinthesurroundingstreets.Anenormousexampleofthisrelationshipbetwee