高二学生下学期学习计划化学Sophomore students study plan chemistry next semester 02 23.docx

高二学生下学期学习计划化学Sophomore students study plan chemistry next semester 02 23.docx

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高二学生下学期学习计划化学Sophomorestudentsstudyplanchemistrynextsemester0223

高二学生下学期学习计划化学02月23日（Sophomorestudentsstudyplanchemistrynextsemester,02,23）

TheZhangBeistudyprogramissharedeveryday

Case

（1）,500

（2）,C（3）,10,CD,C（4）,small,noinfluence

11.,intheofficeorinthelivingroom,inabeautifulvasewithabunchofbeautifulflowers,willgivethenervousandbusywork,lifebringsrelaxedandcheerfulmood.Ifyouaddafreshflowerpreservativetothevase,itwillextendthelifeoftheflower.Thefollowingistheingredientsfor1L"flowerpreservative".Afterreading,answerthefollowingquestions:

component

Mass/g

Themolarmass（g/Mol1）

sucrose

Fifty

Threehundredandtwelve

Potassiumsulphate

Zeropointfivezero

Onehundredandseventy-four

Aspirin

Zeropointthreefive

Onehundredandeighty

potassiumpermanganate

Zeropointfivezero

Onehundredandfifty-eight

silvernitrate

Zeropointzerofour

Onehundredandseventy

（1）"flowerantistalingagent"intheamountofsubstanceconcentrationofthelargestcomponentis________（name）.

（2）thecontentofK+in"flowerpreservative"is（aspirincontainsnoK+）

________mol.L-1（justwriteanexpressionanddon'tneedtocomputeit）.

（3）duringthepreparationprocess,thefollowingisthe________doesnotaffecttheresultofpreparation（fill）.

TheA.volumetricflaskisnotdriedbeforeuseandcontainsasmallamountofdistilledwater

LookuptheliquidlevelwhentheB.isfixed

C.capacitybottle,beforeuse,justfinishedtheconcentrationofacertainamountofsubstanceNaClsolution,butnotwashed

WhentheD.isfixedandshaken,theliquidlevelislowerthanthecalibrationlineofthecapacitybottle,butnotreatmentisdone

（4）todeterminetheconcentrationoffreshflowerantistalingagent"silvernitrate,shouldcontain________reagentaddedin（fillingchemicalsymbol）.

Analysis

（1）calculatedaccordingtotheformula:

C=n/V.

（2）tocalculatetheconcentrationofpotassiumsulfateandPotassiumPermanganate,youcanfindtheC（K）.（3）AdidnotaffectB;constantvolumeuptolevelsolutionvolume,theconcentrationofNaClsolutionissmall;theCcanreactwithsilvernitrate;theDlevelislowerthanthescalelinecapacityofbottlethatpartofresidualliquidinthebottlemouthandthewall,thendonothandle.

Answer

（1）sucrose

（2）+2*（3）AD（4）Cl

One

Fourthunitoxidation-reductionreaction

First,themultiple-choicequestion

1.oxidationreductionreactionsarewidelyusedinproductionandlife.Thefollowingexamplesofproductionandlifedonotcontainredoxreactions.

A.metalsmelting,B.settingofffirecrackers,C.foodspoilage,D.pointtofu

Analysisoftofupointsystembelongstotheaccumulationofcolloid,isaphysicalchange.

AnswerD

2.known:

KMnO4crystaltoaddconcentratedhydrochloricacidtoproduceyellowgreengas;gastotheFeCl2solutionintoalargenumberofexperimentsofthesolutiontakesyellow;experimentIIgenerationsolutiondropsinKIcontainingstarch,litmusblue.Thefollowingistrue（）.

TheexperimentprovedthatA.oxidation:

MnO+I2>Cl2>>

B.intheaboveexperiments,therearetworedoxreactions

ThegasproducedbyC.experimentcannotmakethemoiststarchKItestpaperblue

D.experimentprovedthatbothoxidationandReductionReduction

Accordingtotheproblemofanalyticknowledgegeneratedinchlorine,ClisoxidizedtoCl2,KMnO4asoxidant,Cl2asoxidationproducts.FeCl2wasoxidizedtoFeCl3byCl2,andIwasoxidizedbyFeCl3toformI2.Accordingtotheredoxreactionrules:

oxidation:

MnO>Cl2>Fe3>I2+A,right;thethreereactionisaredoxreaction,theoxidationofKIandCl2canalsogenerateI2,theexperimentonlyshowsthatFe2+reduction.

AnswerA

The3.knownCo2O3inacidicsolutioniseasilyreducedtocobaltions,oxidativeCo2O3,Cl2,FeCl3andI2decreasedinturn.Thefollowingreactionsthatareunlikelytooccurinaqueoussolutionsare（）

A.3Cl26FeI2===2FeCl34FeI3

B.Cl2FeI2===FeCl2I2

C.Co2O36HCl===2CoCl2Cl2=3H2O

D.2Fe32I===2Fe2I2

Analysisofthetesttodeterminethestrengthofusingoxidativereaction,oxidationofCo2O3,Cl2,theFeCl3,I2isattenuated,soCl2Fe2canbeoxidizedtoFe3+andI-+andI2,andICo2O3canbeoxidized,CloxidationofCl2,Fe3+IcanbeoxidationgenerateI2,soAisnotcorrect.

AnswerA

4.,IknownSO2,Cl-,Fe2+,H2O2werereducedinacidicsolution,reducingthestrengthoftheorderofCl

A.2Fe3SO22H2O===2Fe2SO4H

B.I2SO22H2O===H2SO42HI

C.H2O2H2SO4===SO2hav'eO2hav'e2H2O

D.2Fe32I===2Fe2I2

Analysisoftheproblemcanbesolvedbyreversethinking,

IfAcanoccur,whilereducingSO2>Fe2+,todo;ifBcanoccur,whilereducingSO2>I,todo;ifCcanoccur,whilereducingH2O2,SO2,andthetitletorestorethesequenceofnumberdoesnotmatch,sotheCreactioncanoccurifDcanoccur;then,reducingI,Fe2+,withtheir.

AnswerC

5.LiAlH4isakindofmetalhydrogenstoragematerialandacommonreagentinorganicsynthesis.Whenhydrogenreactswithwater,itreleaseshydrogengas,andLiAlH4decomposesintoLiH,H2andAlat125DEGC.Thefollowingstatementiswrong（）

A.LiAlH4andacetaldehydeactasethanolandLiAlH4asreducingagent

B.LiAlH4andD2Oreaction,molarmassofhydrogenfromthe4g-Mol1

C.1molLiAlH4completelydecomposesat125DEGCandtransfers3molelectrons

ThereactionofD.LiAlH4withwatertogeneratethreekindsofsubstances,thechemicalequationcanbeexpressedas:

LiAlH44H2O===Al（OH）3LiOH4H2hav'e

ExplicitanalyticalLiAlH41priceofhydrogen,withstrongreducibility;A,acetaldehyde,ethanol,reducingreaction,correct;B,essenceofthehydrogenisLiAlH41HandD2Oprice+1valenceDtogenerateHDgas,themolarmassis3G-mol1,C,Al3+error;generateAl,transfer3E,D,right;thereactionisequivalenttothehydrolysisofAl（OH）3solubleinacidandalkaliinsolubleinwater,LiOHisalkali,insoluble,right.

AnswerB

6.theefficientwatertreatmentagentClO2waspreparedinthelaboratorybythefollowingreaction:

2KClO3+H2C2O4+

H2SO4===2ClO2=K2SO42CO2=2H2O,whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue（）

A.CO2istheproductofoxidation

TheB.1molKClO3participatedinthereactionwithanelectrontransferof1mol

C.KClO3isoxidizedinthereaction

ThereducibilityofD.H2C2O4isstrongerthanthatofClO2

Intheanalyticreaction,theClelementischangedfrom+5（KClO3）to+4（ClO2）,andtheCelementischangedfrom+3（H2C2O4）to+4（CO2）,soCO2istheproductofoxidation,andClO2istheproductofreduction.KClO3isusedasanoxidantandisreducedinthereaction.

AnswerC

Thereactionoccurredin7.Na2SsolutionwasaddeddropwisetotheamountofsubstanceconcentrationofFeCl3solution,Na2Ssolution:

2Fe3S2===2Fe2Sdown;concentrationofFeCl3solutionwasaddeddropwiseandothersubstancesinthereaction:

2Fe33S2===Fe2S3down.Thefollowingstatementiswrong（）.

A.Fe3intheacidicenvironmentofstrongoxidationresistance

B.S2strongreductioninalkalineenvironment

ThesolubilityofFe（OH）3islargerthanthatofC.atthesametemperatureofFe2S3

D.intoFeCl3solutionintoH2S,thereissulfurprecipitation

TheanalyticalsolutionofFeCl3Na2Sisacidic,alkalinesolution,reactionoftheformerinthequestionintheacidsolutionreaction,whichshowedthatAandDcorrectly;thelatterreactioninalkalinesolution,generatingmoreinsolubleFe2S3,Berror,C.

AnswerB

Two.Nonchoicequestions

8.undertheconditionofhightemperature,chalcocite（themaincomponentofCu2S）throughtheamountofaircanbesmeltmetalcopper,throughaseriesofreactionscanbeBandD,E.Gisabrickredprecipitate.

Pleaseanswerthefollowingquestions:

（1）chalcocite（Cu2S）throughtheamountofcoppersmeltingmetalairchemicalequation__________________________,theoxidantis____________________.

（2）chemicalformulaEconcentratedsolutionreactswithCuIIis______________________.

（3）theuseofelectrolyticcopperrefining,intheelectrolyticreactionintheanodematerialis________,electrolytesolutionis________.

（4）whentheironoreandpyriteinthenatureofbile（mainingredientFeS2）meettheslowreactionofchalcocite,thereactionis:

14CuSO4+5FeS2+12H2O===7Cu2S+5FeSO4+12H2SO4,isthequalityoftheoxidizedsulfurandsulfurreductionratioof________.

Theanalysisfirstfindsoutthesubstancesparticipatinginthereactionandjudgestheproducts,andthenanalyzesthecharacteristicsoftheredoxreaction.

（1）accordingtotheCu2Sicon,andO2reactionfortheredoxreactionwithBcanreactwithO2togenerateDandDreactwithwatertoproduceE,EandCucangeneratereactionB,BSO2,DSO3,EH2SO4,thereactionis:

Cu2SO2（moderate）hightemperature（hightemperatureshould2CuSO2）.ThereactionofCu,thevalenceofOisreduced,sotheoxidationagentisO2andCu2S.

（2）Eissulfuricacid,andcanreactwithCu,butconcentratedsulfuricacid.（3）whenthecopperisrefinedbyelectrolysis,thecoarsecopperisusedasanode,andthesaltsolutioncontainingCu2+isusedaselectrolytesolution.（4）accordingtothemassratiooftheoxidizedsulfurandthereducedsulfuris3:

7.

Answer

（1）Cu2SO2（moderate）hightemperature（highC）andCu2SO22CuSO2

（2）Cu2H2SO4（concentrated）Delta（delta）=2H2OCuSO4SO2）

（3）crudecoppersulfateorsaltsolutioncontainingCu2+（4）3:

7;

9.miniaturechemicalexperimentscaneffectivelyreducepollutionandrealizegreenchemistryexperiment,somestudentsdoatestaccordingtothefollowing:

differentpositionsofglassliningpaperrespectivelyaddingconcentrationof0.1mo