Abstract breath test1.docx

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Abstractbreathtest1

Abstractbreathtest1

RevChilPediatr. 2015Mar-Apr;86

（2）:

80-5.doi:

10.1016/j.rchipe.2015.04.017.

[Breath testsinchildrenwithsuspectedlactoseintolerance].

[ArticleinSpanish]

ParraPÁ1, FurióCS1, ArancibiaAG2.

Authorinformation

∙1EstudiantesdePregrado,FacultaddeMedicina,PontificiaUniversidadCatólicadeChile.

∙2GastroenterólogoInfantil,PontificiaUniversidadCatólicadeChile.Electronicaddress:

sarancib@med.puc.cl.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Upto70%oftheworldpopulationislactoseintolerance.However,therearenoepidemiologicalstudiesamongChileanpediatricpopulationaffectedbythiscondition.

OBJECTIVES:

Clinicalcharacterizationofaseriesofchildrenwhounderwentthelactoseintolerance breath testforlactoseintolerancestudy,establishingintoleranceandmalabsorptionfrequencies,themostfrequentsymptoms,andtestperformancedependingontheorigin.

PATIENTSANDMETHODS:

Patientsunder18yearsoldwhotookthelactoseintolerance breath testintheGastroenterologyLaboratoryoftheCatholicUniversityofChile,andwhowereadmittedduetoclinicallysuspectedlactoseintolerance.Malabsorptionwasconsideredwhentherewasasanincreaseof≥20ppmabovethebaseline（H2）or≥34ppmofH2and methane （CH4）combined.Intolerancewasconsideredwhentheabovewasassociatedwithasymptomintensityscore≥7duringregistration.

RESULTS:

Theanalysisincluded194patientsaged1to17yearsofage.Ofthese,102（53%）presentedwithmalabsorption,and53（27%）wereintolerant.Thefrequencyof lactoseintolerancevariedfrom7.1to45.4%,anditoccurredmorefrequentlyatolderages.Themostcommonreportedsymptomswereabdominalpain,bloatingandrumbling.

DISCUSSION:

Lactosemalabsorptionandintolerancecanbeinvestigatedfromthefirstyearsoflifeusingthelactose breath testplusasymptomquestionnaire.Anincreaseinthefrequencyofintolerancewithage,andagreaternumberofpositivetests,iftheywererequestedbyagastroenterologist,wereobserved.

MiniRevMedChem. 2015;16（3）:

186-92.

Rifaximin:

TheRevolutionaryAntibioticApproachforIrritableBowelSyndrome.

TriantafyllouK, SioulasAD, Giamarellos-BourboulisEJ1.

Authorinformation

∙14thDepartmentofInternalMedicine,ATTIKONUniversityHospital,1RiminiStreet12462Athens,Greece..egiamarel@med.uoa.gr.

Abstract

Alargenumberofclinicalstudiesusing breath testingandasmallernumberofstudiesusingquantitativeculturesoftheuppersmallintestineestablishedalinkbetweenirritablebowelsyndrome（IBS）andsmallintestinalbacterialovergrowth（SIBO）.Aseriesof12studiesbothprospectiveandretrospectiveindesigninapopulationofpatientswithSIBOwithoutIBSshowedthatthenon-absorbableantibioticrifaximincaneradicateSIBOasprovedthroughdecreaseoftheexhaledhydrogenand methane in breath tests.Theefficacyofrifaximinwassuperioroverthecomparatortreatmentinmostofthesestudies.Basedonthesefindings,shortcourserifaximinwastestedinvariousconcentrationsineightopen-labeltrialsinpatientswithIBSandprovenSIBOby breath test.SimilarefficacyofrifaximinwasshowninSIBOeradication;thiswasaccompaniedbyimprovementoftheglobalscoreforIBSsymptoms.Finally,fivedouble-blindrandomizedclinicaltrialswereconductedinpatientswithIBS;fourwereplacebo-controlled.ThelargertrialswereTARGET1andTARGET2studiestestingrifaximinataregimenof550mgtidfor14days.AlltrialsshowedasignificantsuperiorityofrifaximinovercomparatorfortheimprovementofglobalsymptomsofIBSandbloating.AlthoughtheaforementionedresultsrenderrifaximinarevolutionarytherapeuticapproachforIBS,severalconcernsoninductionofantimicrobialresistantfloraremain.

Digestion. 2015;92

（1）:

32-8.doi:

10.1159/000430981.Epub2015Jun25.

CarbohydrateMalabsorptionandPutativeCarbohydrate-SpecificSmallIntestinalBacterialOvergrowth:

PrevalenceandDiagnosticOverlapObservedinanAustrianOutpatientCenter.

EnkoD1, KriegshäuserG, KimbacherC, StolbaR, ManggeH, Halwachs-BaumannG.

Authorinformation

∙1InstituteofLaboratoryMedicine,GeneralHospitalSteyr,Steyr,Austria.

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS:

Whilelactosemalabsorptionisawell-investigatedcondition,fewepidemiologicdataareavailableforfructoseandsorbitolmalabsorption.Theaimofthisstudywastoassesstheprevalenceratesforprimarylactosemalabsorption,fructoseandsorbitolmalabsorption,andcarbohydrate-specificsmallintestinalbacterialovergrowth（cs-SIBO）inanAustrianoutpatientcenter.

METHODS:

Intotal,306adultpatients,whowereprimarilyreferredwithsuspectedcarbohydratemalabsorptionbygeneralpractitionerstoouroutpatientclinic,underwentgenetictesting（C/T-13910polymorphism）forprimarylactosemalabsorption,andacombinedhydrogen（H2）/methane（CH4） breath testforfructose（25g）andsorbitol（12.5g）malabsorption.Cohen'skappa（κ）wascalculatedforagreementbetweenpositive breathtestresultsandself-reportedsymptomsduringthetest.

RESULTS:

Seventy-eight（25.49%）patientswereC/C-13910homozygotes,indicatingprimarylactosemalabsorption.Thirty-four（11.11%）and57（18.63%）patientswereclassifiedasfructoseandsorbitolmalabsorbers.Cohen'sκmeasuringagreementsbetweenpositivefructoseandsorbitolbreath testresultsandself-reportedsymptomsduringthetestwere0.33and0.49,respectively.Twenty-nine（9.50%）patientswithanearlyH2/CH4peak（i.e.within60minutesafterfructoseand/orsorbitolingestion）werediagnosedwithcs-SIBO.

CONCLUSION:

InAustria,carbohydratemalabsorptionisafrequentconditioninpatientsreferredbygeneralpractitionerstocarbohydratemalabsorptiontesting.

RevGastroenterolMex. 2015Apr-Jun;80

（2）:

171-4.doi:

10.1016/j.rgmx.2015.04.002.Epub2015Jun10.

Smallintestinalbacterialovergrowthprevalenceinceliacdiseasepatientsissimilarinhealthysubjectsandlowerinirritablebowelsyndromepatients.

[ArticleinEnglish,Spanish]

LasaJS1, ZubiaurreI2, FanjulI2, OliveraP2, SoiferL2.

Authorinformation

∙1SeccióndeGastroenterología,DepartamentodeMedicinaInterna,CEMIC,BuenosAires,Argentina.Electronicaddress:

drjuanslasa@.

∙2SeccióndeGastroenterología,DepartamentodeMedicinaInterna,CEMIC,BuenosAires,Argentina.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Untreatedceliacdiseasehastraditionallybeenlinkedtoagreaterriskforsmallintestinalbacterialovergrowth,buttheexistingevidenceisinconclusive.

AIMS:

Tocomparetheprevalenceofsmallintestinalbacterialovergrowthinsubjectswithceliacdiseasecomparedwithcontrolsubjectsandpatientswithirritablebowelsyndrome.

MATERIALANDMETHODS:

Thestudyincluded15untreatedceliacdiseasepatients,15subjectswithirritablebowelsyndrome,and15healthycontrols.Allenrolledpatientsunderwentalactulose breath testmeasuringhydrogenand methane.Smallintestinalbacterialovergrowthwasdefinedaccordingtopreviouslypublishedcriteria.

RESULTS:

Nodifferenceswerefoundinrelationtoageorsex.Theprevalenceofsmallintestinalbacterialovergrowthwassimilarbetweentheceliacdiseasepatientsandthecontrols（20vs.13.33%,P=NS）,whereasitwashigherinpatientswithirritablebowelsyndrome（66.66%,P<05）.

CONCLUSION:

Therewasnodifferenceintheprevalenceofsmallintestinalbacterialovergrowthbetweentheuntreatedceliacdiseasepatientsandhealthycontrols.

Animal. 2015Sep;9（9）:

1431-40.doi:

10.1017/S1751731115000968.Epub2015Jun9.

Animalboardinvitedreview:

geneticpossibilitiestoreduceenteric methane emissionsfromruminants.

PickeringNK1, OddyVH2, BasarabJ3, CammackK4, HayesB5, HegartyRS6, LassenJ7, McEwanJC1, MillerS8, Pinares-PatiñoCS9, deHaasY10.

Authorinformation

∙11AnimalProductivity,AgResearch,InvermayAgriculturalCentre,PuddleAlley,PB50034,Mosgiel9010,NewZealand.

∙22NSWDepartmentofPrimaryIndustries,BeefIndustryCentre,UniversityofNewEngland,ArmidaleNSW2351,Australia.

∙33AlbertaAgricultureandRuralDevelopment,LacombeResearchCentre,6000C&ETrail,Lacombe,AB,CanadaT4L1W1.

∙44DepartmentofAnimalScience,UniversityofWyoming,Laramie,Wyoming82071,USA.

∙55BiosciencesResearchDivision,DepartmentofEnvironmentandPrimaryIndustries,Bundoora3083,Victoria,Australia.

∙68UniversityofNewEngland,ArmidaleNSW,Australia.

∙79CenterforQuantitativeGeneticsandGenomics,InstituteofMolecularBiologyandGenetics,AarhusUniversity,Denmark.

∙810CentrefortheGeneticImprovementofLivestock,UniversityofGuelph,Guelph,Ontario,Canada.

∙912AnimalNutrition&Health,AgResearch,GrasslandsResearchCentre,TennentDrive,PB11008,PalmerstonNorth,NewZealand.

∙1013AnimalBreedingandGenomicsCentreofWageningenURLivestockResearch,P.O.Box135,6700ACWageningen,theNetherlands.

Abstract

Measuringandmitigating methane （CH4）emissionsfromlivestockisofincreasingimportancefortheenvironmentandforpolicymaking.Potentially,themostsustainablewayofreducingentericCH4emissionfromruminantsisthroughtheestimationofgenomicbreedingvaluestofacilitategeneticselection.Thereispotentialforadoptinggeneticselectionandinthefuturegenomicselection,forreducedCH4emissionsfromruminants.FromthisreviewithasbeenobservedthatbothCH4emissionsandproduction（g/day）areaheritableandrepeatabletrait.CH4emissionsarestronglyrelatedtofeedintakebothintheshortterm（minutestoseveralhours）andoverthemediumterm（days）.Whenmeasuredoverthemediumterm,CH4yield（MY,gCH4/kgdrymatterintake）isaheritableandrepeatabletraitalbeitwithlessgeneticvariationthanforCH4emissions.CH4emissionsofindividualanimalsaremoderatelyrepea