最新自考英语二教材课文讲义unit2.docx
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最新自考英语二教材课文讲义unit2
Unit2MistakestoSuccess
I.Newwordsandexpressions
Newwords
1.spillv.(使)洒出,泼出,溢出
2.respond v.作出反应;响应
respondto…
response
3.interview v.(媒体)采访,访问
4.creativeadj.创作的
5.occur v.发生;出现
Itoccurredtomethat…
6.removev.拿开;去掉
7.refrigeratorn.冰箱
8.gripn.紧握;紧抓
9.slipperyadj.滑的;滑得抓不住(或站不稳、难以行走)
10.contentn.所容纳之物;所含之物
11.veritableadj.十足的;名副其实的;不折不扣的
12.yellv.叫喊;大喊;吼叫
13.lecturen.(冗长的)教训,训斥,谴责
14.messn.肮脏;杂乱;不整洁
15.rarely adv.罕有;很少;不常
rareanimals/stamps
Rarelyishelateforclass.
16.puddlen.水洼;小水坑
17.eventually最后;终于
18.restorev.使复原;使复位;使复职
19.spongen.海绵块
20.effectively adv.有效地
effective
ineffective
注意区分:
effective/efficient
21.tinyadj.极小的;微小的
22.discover v.了解到;认识到;查明
discovery
23.graspv.抓紧;抓牢
24.lipn.(容器或凹陷地方的)边,边沿
25.renownedadj.有名的;闻名的;受尊敬的
26.remarkv.谈论;评论
27.opportunityn.机会;时机
28.scientific adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的
science
scientist
例如:
Themedical science ismakinggreatprogressinthetreatmentofcancer.
Youshouldprovide scientific evidenceinsteadofsubjectiveevidencetoprovethistheoryholdswater.
Severalworld-renowned scientists willbeinvitedtoattendtheforum.
29.valuable adj.很有用的;很重要的;宝贵的
PhrasesandExpressions
1.inthismanner用这种方式
2.set…apartfrom区别;使与众不同
II.TextLearning
SpiltMilk
① Haveyouheardofthestoryaboutsplitmilk?
(1)Well,weallknow thereisnousecryingoversplitmilk. Butthisstoryisdifferent. Iwouldhopeallparentswouldrespond inthismanner.
② Irecentlyheardastoryaboutafamousresearch scientist(研究科学家,高级研究员)whohad made severalveryimportant medicalbreakthroughs.
(2)Hewasinterviewedbyanewspaperreporterwhoaskedhimwhyhewassomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson;whatsethimsofarapartfromothers?
③ Herespondedthat,inhisopinion,itallcamefromanexperiencewithhismotherthatoccurredwhenhewasabouttwoyearsold. (3)Hehadbeentryingtoremoveabottleofmilkfromtherefrigeratorwhenhelosthisgripontheslipperybottleanditfell,spillingitscontentsalloverthekitchenfloor-averitableseaofmilk!
④ Whenhismothercameintothekitchen,insteadofyellingathim,givinghimalecture,orpunishinghim,shesaid," (4)Robert,whatagreatandwonderfulmessyouhavemade!
Ihave rarely seensuchahugepuddleofmilk.Well,thedamagehasalreadybeendone.Wouldyouliketogetdownandplayinthemilkforafewminutesbeforewecleanitup?
"
⑤ Indeed,hedid.Afterafewminutes,hismothersaid,"Youknow,Robert,wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis,eventuallyyouhavetocleanitupand restoreeverythingtoitsproperorder.So,howwouldyouliketodothat?
Wecoulduseasponge,atowel,ora mop.Whichdoyouprefer?
"hechosethespongeandtogethertheycleanedupthespiltmilk.
⑥ Hismotherthensaid,"Youknow,whatwehavehereisa failed experiment in howtoeffectively carryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhands.Let'sgooutinthebackyardandfillthebottlewithwaterandseeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryitwithoutdroppingit." (5)Thelittleboylearnedthatifhegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit. Whatawonderfullesson!
(承上总结句)
⑦ (6)Therenownedscientistremarkedthat itwas at that momentthatheknewhedidn'tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes. (7)Instead,helearnedthatmistakeswerejustopportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew,whichis,afterall,what scientificexperimentsareallabout. Eveniftheexperiment"doesn'twork,"weusuallylearnsomethingvaluable fromit.
⑧ (8)Wouldn'titbegreatifallparentswouldrespondthewayRobert'smotherrespondedtohim?
本文重点及难点:
1.Well,weallknow thereisnousecryingoversplitmilk.
There/Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。
2.Hewasinterviewedbyanewspaperreporterwhoaskedhimwhyhewassomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson;whatsethimsofarapartfromothers?
(1)whoaskedwhy…fromothers定语从句,修饰先行词anewspaperreporter。
(2)whyhewassomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson和whatsethimsofarapartfromothers都是ask的直接宾语。
(3)theaverageperson普通人
(4)sethimsofarapartfromothers使他特别有别于他人,使他和别人有很大不同。
far在这里是副词,加强程度。
注意区分:
sofar迄今为止,到目前为止。
相当于bynow,uptonow,asyet。
Sofarhehasmasteredfiveforeignlanguages.
3.Hehadbeentryingto remove abottleofmilk from therefrigeratorwhenhelosthisgriponthe slippery bottleanditfell,spillingitscontentsalloverthekitchenfloor-a veritable seaofmilk!
他试图从冰箱里取出一瓶牛奶,却没有抓住光滑的瓶子,瓶子掉了,牛奶洒得厨房满地都是--白花花的一片。
4.Robert,whatagreatandwonderfulmessyouhavemade!
感叹句。
注意what和how的区别:
Whataslowerwalkerheis!
Howslowlyheiswalking!
5.Thelittleboylearnedthatifhegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit.
(1)graspthebottleatthetop
v.+sb./sth.+介词+the+身体部位/衣服
(2)withoutdroppingit作状语。
再如:
Tomleftwithoutsayinggood-bye.
Heranout(without)sayingagood.
6.Therenownedscientistremarkedthat itwas atthatmoment that heknewhedidn'tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes.
宾语从句是强调结构itwas…that…。
注意区分强调结构和it作形式主语或普通代词的结构。
例如:
Itwasinthisparkthattheyfirstmeteachother.
Itwasthispark where/inwhich theyfirstmeteachother.
Itisimportantthatwelearnaforeignlanguagewell.
7.Instead,helearnedthatmistakeswerejust opportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew,whichis,afterall,what scientific experimentsareallabout.相反,他认识到错误正是学习新东西的机会,毕竟任何科学实验都是如此。
8.Wouldn'titbegreatifallparentswouldrespondthewayRobert'smotherrespondedtohim?
该句是个反问句,相当于语气很强烈的肯定句。
(1)thewayRobert'smotherrespondedtohim作状语,相当于intheway…。
再如:
Helearnedmoneywasnoteverythingthehardway.
(2)thewaysb.does/didsth.某人做某事的方式
Ilikethewayshedressesherself.
Peopledon'tthewayhetalks.
III.部分练习讲解
P128BridgingtheGap
Directions:
Fillintheblankswithawordoraphrasethatbestcompletesthepassage.Youmaychooseasuitableonefromthelistgiven.
解题方法:
把词分类
动词 名词 形容词 副词 介词 连词
fear fear unavoidable wisely without sothat
reach success under aslongas
reach between
Lotsofpeopledon'tdaretomakemistakes.They 1 fearthattheywillberidiculedorblamedbyothers.Theyfearthattheywilllosetheirmoneyandbelongingsorbe 2 underalotofstress.Butrisksare 3 unavoidableandtheydopavethewayyoumusttread(踩,踏)upontowards 4 succcess.Haveyoueverheardofsomeonewhoachievessuccess 5withoutmakinganymistakesbefore?
Soitisonlynaturalthatmakingmistakesinyoureffortto 6 reachyourdreamsisconsideredamust,andyoushouldn'tworryaboutthatasyoumaygetalotofadvantagesoutofyourmistakes.Bymakingmistakesatleastyouthencandistinguish 7 betweenthecorrectandtheincorrectportionsofwhatyoudid.AnthonyD'Angelosaid:
"Inordertosucceedyoumustfail, 8 sothatyouknowwhattodothenexttime",andRobertLouisStevensonevenwenttotheextremeastosay:
"Ourbusinessinlifeisnottosucceed,buttocontinuetofailingoodspirits(精神抖擞,情绪高昂)."
Youneedn'tworryaboutanything 9 aslongasyoukeepongoingby 10 wiselylearningfromyourmistakesandtryingevenharder.
I.Newwordsandexpressions
Newwords
1.glance n.瞥一眼;匆匆一看;扫视
2.touchn.修饰;润色;装点
3.frostn.给(糕饼)覆上糖霜
4.aestheticadj.审美的;有审美观点的;美学的
5.triumphn.巨大成功;伟大胜利
6.lumpyadj.多块状物的;为块状物覆盖的
7.frostingn.糖霜(用以装饰糕饼等)
8.blendern.(电动)食物搅拌器
9.fixingsn.[pl.](菜肴的)配料
10.requisiteadj.必需的;必备的;必不可少的
11.utensiln.(家庭)用具,器皿
12.phoenixn.(传说中的)凤凰,长生鸟
13.cluttern.杂乱的东西(尤指不需要的或无用的);杂乱
14.present v.把…交给;颁发;授予
注意作为动词和名词时的发音差别。
再如:
import,export,record,produce等。
15.anniversaryn.周年纪念日
16.flashn.闪光;闪耀
17.positionv.安装;安置;使处于
18.slidev.(使)快捷而悄声地移动
19.explode v.突然爆发,进发(感情)
explosion
explosiven.炸药adj.爆炸性的
20.slipv.悄悄疾行;溜
21.flipv.(开);按(按钮)
22.trumpetv.发出喇叭声
23.gesturev.做手势;用手势表示
24.grandlyadv.骄傲地;自负地
25.slightlyadv.略微;稍微
26.off-balanceadj.不平衡的;不稳定的
27.layern.层;表层
28.inspectionn.检查;查看;审视
29.moanv.抱怨
30.interjectv.打断(别人的讲话);插话
31.gently adv.温柔地;温和地;和缓地
32.disaster n.灾难;不幸;彻底失败
33.stormv.气呼呼地疾走
34.slam v.(使…)砰地关上
slamthedoorshut
35.silently adv.悄悄地;静静地
silent
silencev./n.
36.moist adj.微湿的;湿润的
moisturen.
37.suffer v.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦,受难,受折磨
sufferpain(s)/torture(s)/losses/failures
sufferfromasplittingheadache
38.occasional adj.偶然的;临时的
occasion
occasionally
39.issuen.重要议题;争论的问题
40.significance n.(尤指对将来有影响的)重要性,意义
significant
significantly
41.stuffn.(事物名称不详、无关紧要或所指事物明显时用)东西,物品,玩意儿
42.awfullyadv.非常;极其
43.troublesomeadj.令人烦恼的;令人痛苦的
44.deservev.值得;应得;应受
45.frustration n.令人懊丧(或懊恼、沮丧)的事物
frustratev.
frustratedadj.
46.carpetn.地毯
47.emerge v.露头;显现
区分两个名词:
emergence/emergency
48.dignity n.自豪;自尊;自重
indignityn.侮辱,轻蔑,无礼举动
49.sanitationn.环境卫生
50.sacrifice n.牺牲;舍弃
sacrificeAforB
makeself-sacrifice
51.tenderadj.易损坏的;纤弱的;脆弱的
52.responsibility n.责任;负责
responsible(tosb./forsth.)
irresponsible
responsibly
53.occasionallyadv.偶然;偶尔;有时候
54.consequence n.结果;后果
大学生的消费是多种多样,丰富多彩的。
除食品外,很大一部分开支都用于。
服饰,娱乐,小饰品等。
女生都比较偏爱小饰品之类的消费。
女生天性爱美,对小饰品爱不释手,因为饰品所展现的魅力,女人因饰品而妩媚动人,亮丽。
据美国商务部调查资料显示女人占据消费市场最大分额,随社会越发展,物质越丰富,女性的时尚美丽消费也越来越激烈。
因此也为饰品业创造了无限的商机。
据调查统计,有50%的同学曾经购买过DIY饰品,有90%的同学表示若在学校附近开设一家DIY手工艺制品,会去光顾。
我们认为:
我校区的女生就占了80%。
相信开饰品店也是个不错的创业方针。
PhrasesandExpressions
1.fromscratch从头开始,从零开始
2.runoutof 用完,耗尽
3.stayup 熬夜
II.TextLearning
(1)政策优势TheCake
1、购买“女性化”1Cindyglancednervouslyattheclockonthekitchenwall.Fiveminutesbeforemidnight.
2"Theyshouldbe