最新自考英语二教材课文讲义unit2.docx

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最新自考英语二教材课文讲义unit2

Unit2MistakestoSuccess

 

I.Newwordsandexpressions

Newwords

1.spillv.(使)洒出,泼出,溢出

2.respond v.作出反应;响应

 respondto…

 response

3.interview v.(媒体)采访,访问

4.creativeadj.创作的

5.occur v.发生;出现

Itoccurredtomethat…

6.removev.拿开;去掉

7.refrigeratorn.冰箱

8.gripn.紧握;紧抓

9.slipperyadj.滑的;滑得抓不住(或站不稳、难以行走)

10.contentn.所容纳之物;所含之物

11.veritableadj.十足的;名副其实的;不折不扣的

12.yellv.叫喊;大喊;吼叫

13.lecturen.(冗长的)教训,训斥,谴责

14.messn.肮脏;杂乱;不整洁

15.rarely adv.罕有;很少;不常

 rareanimals/stamps

 Rarelyishelateforclass.

16.puddlen.水洼;小水坑

17.eventually最后;终于

18.restorev.使复原;使复位;使复职

19.spongen.海绵块

20.effectively adv.有效地

 effective

 ineffective

 注意区分:

effective/efficient

21.tinyadj.极小的;微小的

22.discover v.了解到;认识到;查明

 discovery

23.graspv.抓紧;抓牢

24.lipn.(容器或凹陷地方的)边,边沿

25.renownedadj.有名的;闻名的;受尊敬的

26.remarkv.谈论;评论

27.opportunityn.机会;时机

28.scientific adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的

 science

 scientist

 例如:

 Themedical science ismakinggreatprogressinthetreatmentofcancer.

 Youshouldprovide scientific evidenceinsteadofsubjectiveevidencetoprovethistheoryholdswater.

 Severalworld-renowned scientists willbeinvitedtoattendtheforum.

29.valuable adj.很有用的;很重要的;宝贵的

PhrasesandExpressions

1.inthismanner用这种方式

2.set…apartfrom区别;使与众不同

II.TextLearning

SpiltMilk

① Haveyouheardofthestoryaboutsplitmilk?

 

(1)Well,weallknow thereisnousecryingoversplitmilk. Butthisstoryisdifferent. Iwouldhopeallparentswouldrespond inthismanner.

② Irecentlyheardastoryaboutafamousresearch scientist(研究科学家,高级研究员)whohad made severalveryimportant medicalbreakthroughs. 

(2)Hewasinterviewedbyanewspaperreporterwhoaskedhimwhyhewassomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson;whatsethimsofarapartfromothers?

③ Herespondedthat,inhisopinion,itallcamefromanexperiencewithhismotherthatoccurredwhenhewasabouttwoyearsold. (3)Hehadbeentryingtoremoveabottleofmilkfromtherefrigeratorwhenhelosthisgripontheslipperybottleanditfell,spillingitscontentsalloverthekitchenfloor-averitableseaofmilk!

④ Whenhismothercameintothekitchen,insteadofyellingathim,givinghimalecture,orpunishinghim,shesaid," (4)Robert,whatagreatandwonderfulmessyouhavemade!

 Ihave rarely seensuchahugepuddleofmilk.Well,thedamagehasalreadybeendone.Wouldyouliketogetdownandplayinthemilkforafewminutesbeforewecleanitup?

"

⑤ Indeed,hedid.Afterafewminutes,hismothersaid,"Youknow,Robert,wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis,eventuallyyouhavetocleanitupand restoreeverythingtoitsproperorder.So,howwouldyouliketodothat?

Wecoulduseasponge,atowel,ora mop.Whichdoyouprefer?

"hechosethespongeandtogethertheycleanedupthespiltmilk.

⑥ Hismotherthensaid,"Youknow,whatwehavehereisa failed experiment in howtoeffectively carryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhands.Let'sgooutinthebackyardandfillthebottlewithwaterandseeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryitwithoutdroppingit." (5)Thelittleboylearnedthatifhegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit. Whatawonderfullesson!

 (承上总结句)

⑦ (6)Therenownedscientistremarkedthat itwas at that momentthatheknewhedidn'tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes. (7)Instead,helearnedthatmistakeswerejustopportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew,whichis,afterall,what scientificexperimentsareallabout. Eveniftheexperiment"doesn'twork,"weusuallylearnsomethingvaluable fromit.

⑧ (8)Wouldn'titbegreatifallparentswouldrespondthewayRobert'smotherrespondedtohim?

本文重点及难点:

1.Well,weallknow thereisnousecryingoversplitmilk.

There/Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。

2.Hewasinterviewedbyanewspaperreporterwhoaskedhimwhyhewassomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson;whatsethimsofarapartfromothers?

(1)whoaskedwhy…fromothers定语从句,修饰先行词anewspaperreporter。

(2)whyhewassomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson和whatsethimsofarapartfromothers都是ask的直接宾语。

(3)theaverageperson普通人

(4)sethimsofarapartfromothers使他特别有别于他人,使他和别人有很大不同。

far在这里是副词,加强程度。

注意区分:

sofar迄今为止,到目前为止。

相当于bynow,uptonow,asyet。

Sofarhehasmasteredfiveforeignlanguages.

3.Hehadbeentryingto remove abottleofmilk from therefrigeratorwhenhelosthisgriponthe slippery bottleanditfell,spillingitscontentsalloverthekitchenfloor-a veritable seaofmilk!

他试图从冰箱里取出一瓶牛奶,却没有抓住光滑的瓶子,瓶子掉了,牛奶洒得厨房满地都是--白花花的一片。

4.Robert,whatagreatandwonderfulmessyouhavemade!

感叹句。

注意what和how的区别:

Whataslowerwalkerheis!

Howslowlyheiswalking!

5.Thelittleboylearnedthatifhegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit.

(1)graspthebottleatthetop

v.+sb./sth.+介词+the+身体部位/衣服

(2)withoutdroppingit作状语。

再如:

Tomleftwithoutsayinggood-bye.

Heranout(without)sayingagood.

6.Therenownedscientistremarkedthat itwas atthatmoment that heknewhedidn'tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes.

宾语从句是强调结构itwas…that…。

注意区分强调结构和it作形式主语或普通代词的结构。

例如:

Itwasinthisparkthattheyfirstmeteachother.

Itwasthispark where/inwhich theyfirstmeteachother.

Itisimportantthatwelearnaforeignlanguagewell.

7.Instead,helearnedthatmistakeswerejust opportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew,whichis,afterall,what scientific experimentsareallabout.相反,他认识到错误正是学习新东西的机会,毕竟任何科学实验都是如此。

8.Wouldn'titbegreatifallparentswouldrespondthewayRobert'smotherrespondedtohim?

该句是个反问句,相当于语气很强烈的肯定句。

(1)thewayRobert'smotherrespondedtohim作状语,相当于intheway…。

再如:

Helearnedmoneywasnoteverythingthehardway.

(2)thewaysb.does/didsth.某人做某事的方式

Ilikethewayshedressesherself.

Peopledon'tthewayhetalks.

III.部分练习讲解

P128BridgingtheGap

Directions:

Fillintheblankswithawordoraphrasethatbestcompletesthepassage.Youmaychooseasuitableonefromthelistgiven.

解题方法:

把词分类

动词  名词  形容词   副词   介词   连词

fear   fear  unavoidable wisely  without sothat

reach  success            under aslongas

    reach              between

Lotsofpeopledon'tdaretomakemistakes.They 1 fearthattheywillberidiculedorblamedbyothers.Theyfearthattheywilllosetheirmoneyandbelongingsorbe 2 underalotofstress.Butrisksare 3 unavoidableandtheydopavethewayyoumusttread(踩,踏)upontowards 4 succcess.Haveyoueverheardofsomeonewhoachievessuccess 5withoutmakinganymistakesbefore?

Soitisonlynaturalthatmakingmistakesinyoureffortto 6 reachyourdreamsisconsideredamust,andyoushouldn'tworryaboutthatasyoumaygetalotofadvantagesoutofyourmistakes.Bymakingmistakesatleastyouthencandistinguish 7 betweenthecorrectandtheincorrectportionsofwhatyoudid.AnthonyD'Angelosaid:

"Inordertosucceedyoumustfail, 8 sothatyouknowwhattodothenexttime",andRobertLouisStevensonevenwenttotheextremeastosay:

"Ourbusinessinlifeisnottosucceed,buttocontinuetofailingoodspirits(精神抖擞,情绪高昂)."

Youneedn'tworryaboutanything 9 aslongasyoukeepongoingby 10 wiselylearningfromyourmistakesandtryingevenharder.

I.Newwordsandexpressions

Newwords

1.glance n.瞥一眼;匆匆一看;扫视

2.touchn.修饰;润色;装点

3.frostn.给(糕饼)覆上糖霜

4.aestheticadj.审美的;有审美观点的;美学的

5.triumphn.巨大成功;伟大胜利

6.lumpyadj.多块状物的;为块状物覆盖的

7.frostingn.糖霜(用以装饰糕饼等)

8.blendern.(电动)食物搅拌器

9.fixingsn.[pl.](菜肴的)配料

10.requisiteadj.必需的;必备的;必不可少的

11.utensiln.(家庭)用具,器皿

12.phoenixn.(传说中的)凤凰,长生鸟

13.cluttern.杂乱的东西(尤指不需要的或无用的);杂乱

14.present v.把…交给;颁发;授予

 注意作为动词和名词时的发音差别。

再如:

import,export,record,produce等。

15.anniversaryn.周年纪念日

16.flashn.闪光;闪耀

17.positionv.安装;安置;使处于

18.slidev.(使)快捷而悄声地移动

19.explode v.突然爆发,进发(感情)

 explosion

 explosiven.炸药adj.爆炸性的

20.slipv.悄悄疾行;溜

21.flipv.(开);按(按钮)

22.trumpetv.发出喇叭声

23.gesturev.做手势;用手势表示

24.grandlyadv.骄傲地;自负地

25.slightlyadv.略微;稍微

26.off-balanceadj.不平衡的;不稳定的

27.layern.层;表层

28.inspectionn.检查;查看;审视

29.moanv.抱怨

30.interjectv.打断(别人的讲话);插话

31.gently adv.温柔地;温和地;和缓地

32.disaster n.灾难;不幸;彻底失败

33.stormv.气呼呼地疾走

34.slam v.(使…)砰地关上

 slamthedoorshut

35.silently adv.悄悄地;静静地

 silent

 silencev./n.

36.moist adj.微湿的;湿润的

 moisturen.

37.suffer v.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦,受难,受折磨

 sufferpain(s)/torture(s)/losses/failures

 sufferfromasplittingheadache

38.occasional adj.偶然的;临时的

 occasion

 occasionally

39.issuen.重要议题;争论的问题

40.significance n.(尤指对将来有影响的)重要性,意义

 significant

 significantly

41.stuffn.(事物名称不详、无关紧要或所指事物明显时用)东西,物品,玩意儿

42.awfullyadv.非常;极其

43.troublesomeadj.令人烦恼的;令人痛苦的

44.deservev.值得;应得;应受

45.frustration n.令人懊丧(或懊恼、沮丧)的事物

 frustratev.

 frustratedadj.

46.carpetn.地毯

47.emerge v.露头;显现

 区分两个名词:

emergence/emergency

48.dignity n.自豪;自尊;自重

 indignityn.侮辱,轻蔑,无礼举动

49.sanitationn.环境卫生

50.sacrifice n.牺牲;舍弃

 sacrificeAforB

 makeself-sacrifice

51.tenderadj.易损坏的;纤弱的;脆弱的

52.responsibility n.责任;负责

 responsible(tosb./forsth.)

 irresponsible

 responsibly

53.occasionallyadv.偶然;偶尔;有时候

54.consequence n.结果;后果

 

大学生的消费是多种多样,丰富多彩的。

除食品外,很大一部分开支都用于。

服饰,娱乐,小饰品等。

女生都比较偏爱小饰品之类的消费。

女生天性爱美,对小饰品爱不释手,因为饰品所展现的魅力,女人因饰品而妩媚动人,亮丽。

据美国商务部调查资料显示女人占据消费市场最大分额,随社会越发展,物质越丰富,女性的时尚美丽消费也越来越激烈。

因此也为饰品业创造了无限的商机。

据调查统计,有50%的同学曾经购买过DIY饰品,有90%的同学表示若在学校附近开设一家DIY手工艺制品,会去光顾。

我们认为:

我校区的女生就占了80%。

相信开饰品店也是个不错的创业方针。

PhrasesandExpressions

1.fromscratch从头开始,从零开始

2.runoutof 用完,耗尽

3.stayup 熬夜

II.TextLearning

(1)政策优势TheCake

1、购买“女性化”1Cindyglancednervouslyattheclockonthekitchenwall.Fiveminutesbeforemidnight.

2"Theyshouldbe

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