高级英语book1Unit 11补充练习及答案.docx

高级英语book1Unit 11补充练习及答案.docx

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高级英语book1Unit11补充练习及答案

Unit11

Butwhat’saDictionaryfor?

I.VOCABULARY

Directions:

Completethefollowingsentenceswiththebestexpressionfromthefourchoices.

1.Thenewspaperreceivedadelugeoflettersaboutthearticle.

A.scarcityB.floodC.overloadD.moderation

2.Thecommitteeisreportedlyunhappyaboutthediscrepancyinnumbers.

A.inconsistencyB.unpredictabilityC.dissimilarityD.disparity

3.Sheresignedwhenshewasrelegatedtoadeskjob.

A.residedB.postponedC.suspendedDquit

4.Theteacherinterposedherselfbetweenthetwosnarlingboys.

A.introducedB.interferedC.impededD.obstructed

5.Thiscenturyhaswitnessedenvironmentaldestructiononanunprecedentedscale.

A.unparalleledB.unremarkableC.unexceptionalD.inconspicuous

6.Reformsarebeingunderminedbytheall-pervasivecorruptioninthecountry.

A.intensifiedB.consolidatedC.sustainedD.destabilized

7.KingEdwardVIIIabdicatedtheBritishthronein1936sothathecouldmarryMrs.Simpson,adivorcedwoman.

A.resignedB.tookupC.undertookD.recognized

8.Hischangeofmindwasrecentandsudden,theinferencebeingthatsomeonehadpersuadedhim.

A.postulationB.deductionC.associationD.supposition

9.Smallbusinesseshaveproliferatedinthelasttenyears.

A.multipliedB.declinedC.shrankD.developed

10.Hewasprobablythemostprolificsongwriterofhisgeneration.

A.productiveB.destructiveC.criticalD.essential

11.Thegovernmentclaimstobedoingallitcantoeradicatecorruption.

A.eliminateB.fightagainstC.tackleDchallenge

12.Sheiscontinuallyabusingherauthoritybygettingotherpeopletodothingsforher.

A.maltreatingB.neglectingC.insultingD.misusing

13.Highwindssignificantlyhamperedtheplane'sacceleration.

A.speedingupB.motivationC.cruiseD.balance

14.IftheteamlosesagaintheymayberelegatedfromthePremierLeaguetotheFirstDivision.

A.transferredB.assignedC.promotedD.demoted

15.Weneedadynamicexpansionoftradewithothercountries.

A.apatheticB.droopyC.forcefulD.moving

16.Manysoftwarecompanieshavepopularprogramstothenewoperatingsystem.

AadaptedB.excerptedC.producedD.programmed

17.Overtheyearsherworkhascompelleduniversaladmirationandtrust.

A.requiredB.obligedC.constrainedD.produced

18.Hewaseliminatedinthethirdroundofthecompetition.

A.reducedB.removedC.abolishedD.promoted

19.Thetranslatorhasobviouslyadheredverystrictlytotheoriginaltext.

A.stuckB.boundedC.associatedD.adjourned

20.Membershiptothisclubisrestrictedchiefexecutiveofficers.

A.toB.forC.withD.upon

II.CONTENTSANDFIGURESOFSPEECH

Directions:

Completethefollowingsentenceswiththebestonefromthefourchoicesaccordingtowhatyou’velearntthisterm.

1.Whatdoes“gentlemenfromSpringfield”inthetextreferto?

.

A.NoahWebsterB.EditorsofTimes

C,EditorsofWashingtonPost

D.MakersofWebster’sthirdinternationalDictionary

2.GettysburgAddresswasdeliveredby_______.

A.AbrahamLincolnB.MartinLuther

C.J.F.KennedyD.W.Churchill

3.Betweentheappearanceofthesetwoeditionsofdictionary,thescienceof_______,hascomeintobeing.

A.prescriptivelinguisticsB.DescriptiveLinguistics

C.ComparativeLinguisticsD.HistoricalLinguistics

4.Modernlinguisticsgetsitscharterfrom______.

A.LanguagebySapirB.LanguagebyBloomfield

C.LinguisticsbyF.DSaussureD.SemioticsbyPierce

5.Eveninsosettledmattersasspellingandpronunciation,adictionarycannotalwaysbeabsolutebecause____.

A.ithastorecordlanguagefacts

B.itcanestablishprinciplesforlanguageusing

C.alllanguagesarestatic

D.itshouldsticktowords

6.Whichofthefollowingarethebroadgeneralfindingsofdescriptivelinguisticsexcept_____.

A.Languagesaresetsofnaturallaws.

B.Eachlanguageisspecificinpronunciation,grammarandvocabulary.

C.alllanguagesareinconstantchanges.

D.Languagesaresystemsofhumanconventions.

7.Adictionaryisgoodonlywhen_____.

A.itestablishesnewstandardsforlanguageuserstofollow

B.itisuniqueinpronunciation,grammarandvocabulary.

C.itdescribesexactlyandaccuratelythecurrentusageofacertainlanguage.

D.itprescribesexactlyandaccuratelythecurrentusageofacertainlanguage.

8.“aconceptofhowthingsgetwrittenthatthrowsverylittlelightonLincolnbutagreatdealonLife”thissentenceindicates_____.

A.TheeditorsofLifeareliterateenoughtosuggestwritingwithadictionaryasamodel.

B.TheeditorsofLifedidn’tthinkthatLincolnwrotehisAddressusingtheSecondInternationalasmodel.

C.TheeditorsofLifeareilliterateenoughtosuggestwritingwithadictionaryasamodel.

D.TheeditorsofLifeknowclearlyhowtomaketheirpublicationabestseller.

9.NoahWebsterwas______.

A.famousAmericanlexicographerwhofirstpublishedTheAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguageinAmerica.

B.famousBritishlexicographerwhocompiledthefirstrealsensemodernEnglishdictionaryinEngland

C.famousAmericanwriterwhowrotethebook“ElementsofStyle”

D.famousAmericanlexicographerwhocompiledTheThirdInternational.

10.Bloomfieldwas_____.

A.famousAmericanlinguistwhowasregardedas“fatherofmodernlinguistics”.

B.famousBritishlexicographerwhopublishedthefirstrealsensemodernEnglishdictionaryinEngland

C.famousAmericanwriterwhowrotethebook“ElementsofStyle”

D.famousAmericanlinguistwhowrotethebook“Language”.

11.Thefigureofspeechusedinthesentence“Butneitherhisvanitynorhispurseisanyconcernofthedictionary’s.”is_____.

A.metaphorB.metonymyC.synecdocheD.simile

12.Thefiguresofspeechusedinthesentence“Betweenthemuch-toutedSecond

Internationalandthemuch-cloutedThirdInternational…”are_____.

A.ironyandmetonymyB.sarcasmandhyperbole

C.antithesisandironyD.antithesisandassonance

13.Thefiguresofspeechusedinthesentence“Aconceptofhowthingsgetwritten

thatthrowsverylittlelightonLincolnbutagreatdealonlife”are_____.

A.hyperboleandalliterationBeuphemismandalliteration

C.metaphorandalliterationD.sarcasmandalliteration

14.Thefigureofspeechusedinthesentence“Whatofthosesheetsandjetsofair

thatarenowbeingused,inplaceofold-fashionedoakandhingestoscreen

entranceexits”is____.

A.metaphorB.metonymyC.synecdocheD.personification

15.Thefigureofspeechusedinthesentence“TheissueofNewYorkTimes…hail

theSecondastheauthority…andtheThirdasascandal…”is____.

A.metaphorB.metonymyC.ZeugmaD.personification

III.PARAPHRASE

Directions:

Explainthefollowingsentenceswithyourownwordswithoutchangingthemeaningofthesentence.

1.Somonstrousadiscrepancyinevaluationrequiresustoexaminebasicprinciples

2.Theydoubtedthat"LincolncouldhavemodeledhisGettysburgAddress"onit

3.aconceptofhowthingswrittenthatthrowsverylittlelightonLincolnbutagreatdealonLife.

4.thepublic–andthestockholders–havereasontobegratefulthatthewritersonthese

publicationsaremoreliteratethantheeditors.

5.whocan'tberelegatedtoanydepartmentanddon'tdreamofacceptingestablishedcategoriesandproceduresjustbecausethey'reestablished

6.Butneitherhisvanitynorhispurseisanyconcernofthedictionary’s;itmustrecordthefact

7.Alllanguagesaredynamicratherthanstatic

8.lexicography,likeGod,isnorespecterofpersons

9.Eveninsosettledamatterasspelling,adictionarycannotalwaysbeabsolute.

10.Thewritertakestheplain,downright,aman-in-the-streetattitude.

IV.TRANSLATOIN

SECTIONA.SentenceTranslation

Directions:

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingthewordsinbrackets.

1.这支足球队本赛季由于表现不好被降级了（relegate）。

2.作为一个外国人，他对中国古典文化有特殊的偏爱（preference）。

3.这件事的两种说法有很大出入（discrepancy）。

4.中国目前正在进行的改革开放是中国历史上空前的革命（unprecedented）。

5.这种麻醉药用作商品是极受限制的（restrict）

6.中国政府正致力于消除政治、经济等领域内的腐败犯罪（eradicate）。

7.婚后的十年是马克·吐温一生中创作丰收的时期（prolific）

8.这些样式均可改动以适应各人不同的爱好（adapt）。

9.他被控在此事故中失职（abdicate）。

10.因情况所迫，我们只好改变计划（compel）。

SECTIONB.PassageTranslation

Directions:

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Thereisnodoubtthatavaststoreofknowledgeisavailabletoimproveman’swelfare.Nevertheless，aswaspointedoutintheWorldPlanofActionfortheApplicationScienceandTechnologytoDevelopment，suchknowledgeisoflittleuseifthereisnopoliticalwillorifthereisalackofthemeansandcapacitytouseit.Thisimplies,basically,thatthereisaneedforpolicydesignandimplementationbyGovernmentsandinternationalagencies,aswellasbynationalcommunitiesintheproduction,scienceandeducationsectors.Nationsshouldbeinapositiontoassesstheirrequirementsandtocarryoutwithappropriateinternationalco-operation,programmesandprojectstodrawonscientificandtechnologicalknowledge,toencourageresearch,toestablishsuchinstitutionalinfrastructureasmaybenecessaryandtostimulatesocialchangesconductivetotheattainmentofdevelopmentobjectives.Otherwise,littleoutcomecanbeexpectedfromscientificandtechnologicalefforts,andthepresentpatternofconcentrationinthedominancebydevelopedcountrieswillbeboundtocontinue.

Directions:

TranslatethefollowingtextintoEnglish

现在许多人说:

治学问全靠有方法;方法最重要，材料却不很重要。

有了精密方法，什么材料都可以有好成绩。

这话固然不错，同样材料，无方法便没有成绩，有方法才有成绩。

但我们却不可不知道这种说法只有片面的真理。

同样材料，方法不同，成绩也就不同。

同样的方法，用在不同的材料上，成绩也就有绝大的不同。

这个道理本很平常，但现在想做学问的青年人似乎不太了解这个极平常而又十分要紧的道理，所以我觉得这个问题有郑重讨论的必要。

V.StructureandCollocation

Directions:

Fillineachoftheblankswithoneofthefollowin