Unit1FestivalsaroundtheWorldGrammarandUsefulStructures.docx
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Unit1FestivalsaroundtheWorldGrammarandUsefulStructures
Unit1FestivalsaroundtheWorld（GrammarandUsefulStructures）
unit1festivalsaroundtheworld（grammarandusefulstructures）
teachingaims
1．todiscoverandlearntousesomeusefulwordsandexpressions.
2．getthestudentstostudytheuseofmodalverbs.
difficultpoints
howtousepropermodalverbsaccordingtotheconcreteandauthenticsituations.
importantpoints
themeaningandcorrectuseofeachpairofmodalverbs:
canandcould,mayandmight,willandwould,shallandshould,mustandcan’t
step1warmingup
asweknow,theXXolympicsiscoming.
showtwopictures:
liuxiangandyaoming
saysomethingaboutthemusingmodalverbs.
____________________________________________________________________
step2lead-in
t:
lookatthepicture,themaniscarryingapileofbooks.sohecancarryheavybooks.hewantstoentertheroom,buthecouldn’topenthedoorbyhimself.soheismakingarequesttoaskforhelpfromthewomanbysaying“couldyouopenthedoor,please?
”
（theteacherwritesthethreesentencesontheblackboard.1.sohecancarryheavybooks.2.hecouldn’topenthedoorbyhimself.3.couldyouopenthedoor,please?
）
t:
lookatthethreemodalverbsineachsentenceandtrytogettheirmeanings.
____________________________________________________________________
step3explanation
1.canandcould
1）表示能力（ability），指有能力做某事，意为“能够”。
例如：
注意：
表示现在，将来“能够”可用beableto替换。
表示过去“能够”并成功了只能用was/wereableto,不能用could。
例如
mygrandmaisovereighty,butshecan/isabletoreadwithoutglasses.
wecan/willbeabletotalkaboutthematterlater.
italkedwithherforalongtime,andatlastiwasabletomakeherbelieveme.（不能用could）
2）表示请求（request）或允许（permission）。
意为“可否”、“可以”。
could比can更有礼貌，在此不是can的过去式。
canyouwaitamomentplease?
liz,canyoudomeafavor?
excuseme,couldyoutellmethewaytothestation?
iwonderifyoucouldhelpme.（request）
----couldiuseyourphone?
----yes,ofcourse.youcan.
doyouthinkicouldborrowyourbike.（permission）
3）表示可能性（possibility）
a.can表示泛指的“可能”，并非说话者主观认为的可能性，即并非说话者的主观猜测。
accidentcanhappentoanydrunkendriver
b.表示说话者主观猜测，只能用与否定句或疑问句中。
例如：
itcan’tbemyfather.heisnowinengland.
----canitraintomorrow?
----no,itcan’t.
2.mayandmight
1）表示可能性（possibility）,用于对现在，过去或将来的推测，暗示不确定。
might不是may的过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小，含较多的怀疑。
共4页，当前第1页1234
hemaybeverybusynow.（可能性较大）
hemightbeverybusynow.（可能性较小）
2）表示许可（permission），表示允许别人做某事，也可征求对方的许可。
hemaygonow.
wemaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.
3）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
mayyousucceed!
mayyouhaveanicetrip!
3.willandwould
1）表示意愿
表示愿意做或主动提出做，如意志，愿望或决心等，例如：
thatbaglooksheavy,i’llhelpyouwithit.（offeringtodosth）
----youknowthatbookilentyou.canihaveitbackifyou’vefinishedwithit?
----ofcourse..i’llgiveittoyouthisafternoon.（agreement）
thanksforlendingmethemoney,i’llpayyoubackonfriday.（promise）
2）表示习惯（habit,custom）
thisoldmanisstrange.hewillsitforhourswithoutsayinganything.
wewouldsitaroundgrandpaaftersupper,listeningtohisstories.
3）表示请求（request），用于第二人称，would比will更委婉。
例如：
willyoucomethisway,please?
wouldyouopenthewindow?
4.shallandshould
1）shall的用法
a.shall在疑问句中用于第一，第三人称，表示征求对方的意见。
shallweputoffthesportsmeetinguntilnextmonth?
shalltomgotherewithmetomorrow?
b.shall用于第二，第三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令，警告，允诺或威胁。
youshallfailifyoudon’tworkharder.（警告）
heshallhavethebookwhenifinishreadingit.（允诺）
heshallbepunished.（威胁）
2）should的用法
a.should表示劝告、建议、命令。
youshouldgotoclassrightaway.
b.should表示期待，用于表达合理推断（prediction，意为“应该”），或明显的结果（意为“可能”）且所期待的事几乎是事实。
itisthreeo’clock,thefootballgameshouldbeginnow.
marytookdancinglessonsforyears,sheshouldbeanexcellentdancer.
5.must与can’t
must用来表示“命令”、“推测”等含义。
1）表示规定、指令
表示规定、指令时主要指客观上的法律、条文规定，常常翻译为“应该、必须”之类意思。
mustn’t表示禁止
youmusthaveapassportifyouwanttogoabroad.
driversmustn’tdriveafterdrinking.
2）表示主观的命令、禁止
表示主观的命令、禁止时，主要指说话者主观的命令或强烈的劝告。
youcangooutwithyourfriendbutyoumustcomebackbefore11atnight.
----mustihandintheexercisetoday?
----no,youneedn’t.
3）表示猜测，语气非常肯定，近乎确定的意味，一般用于肯定句，意为肯定……。
其否定为can’t，意为不可能…...
youmustbeill.icanseeitfromyourface.
hecan’tbeathome.isawhimintheclassroomjustnow.
step4summingup
fromthedemonstrationofthemodalverbsabove,wecanfindmostofthemcanbeusedtoexpresscertainty,butthedegreeofthemisdifferent.共4页，当前第2页1234
hemightbeintheclassroom.（quitenotsure）
hemaybeintheclassroom.
hecouldbeintheclassroom.
heshouldbeintheclassroom.
hemustbeintheclassroom.（quitesure）
step5practice
1）findallthesentenceswithmodalverbsandexplainthemeaning.
1.othercelebrationswereheldwhenhunterscouldcatchanimals.
2.theylitfiresandmademusicbecausetheythoughtthesefestivalswouldbringayearofplenty.
3.…orsatisfyandpleasetheancestors,whocouldreturneithertohelportodoharm.
4.injapanthefestivaliscalledobon,whenpeopleshouldgotocleanthegravesandlightincenseinmemoryoftheirancestors.
5.onthisimportantfeastday,peoplemighteatfoodintheshapeofskulls,andcakeswith“bones”onthem.
6.itisnowachildren’sfestival,whentheycangototheirneighbours’homesandaskforsweets.
7.iftheyarenotgivenanything,thechildrenmightplayatrick.
8.somepeoplemightwinawardsfortheiranimals,flowers,fruitandvegetables,…
9.atthespringfestivalinchina,people…andmaygivechildrenluckymoneyinredpaper.
10.theymightincludeparades,dancinginthestreetsdayandnight.
2）completethefollowingsentenceswithpropermodalverbs.
a）you’vebeenworkingallday.you______beverytired.
b）（thedoorbellrings）iwonderwhothatis,it________belisa.she’sstillinthelibraryatthistime.
c）itisalongtimesincewemetlasttime.you________comeandseeusmoreoften.
d）ihaven’t;decidedwherei’mgoingformyholidays.i______gotoaustralia.
e）myfather’sbirthdayiscoming.what________igethim
f）whydon’tyoutryonthisdress?
it__________lookniceonyou.
g）“whowasthemantalkingwithyourteacher?
”“i’mnotsure.it___________beherbrother.
h）idon’tknowwhentheguests___________behere.they__________arriveatanytime.
（must,can’t,should,may,shall,will,might,will,could）
3）finishthedialogueusingmodalverbsonp6
1.a:
wouldyouliketogotoaspecialeventwithusonsaturday?
b:
yes,i’dliketogowithyouonsaturday2.a:
couldxiaofengfindtheoriginofeasterfromthatbook?
b:
no,hecouldn’tfindit.3.a:
mayigowithmyfriendtotheharvestfestival?
b:
yes,youmaygo（withyourfriends）4.a:
ifiwanttobeadoctorshouldistudyscience?
共4页，当前第3页1234
b:
yes,youshouldstudyscience.a:
heisveryhandsome.canheplaytheroleoftheprince
b:
no,hecan’tplaytheroleoftheprince.6.a:
theneighbor’schildrenareolderthisyear.mightorshouldtheystopplayingtricksathalloween?
b:
perhaps,theymightstopplayingtricksathalloweenorshouldstopplaying
4）makeadialogueusingmodalverbsaccordingtothegivensituation.
youhavetogotobuyfoodandgiftsforspringfestival.inpairs,oneastheshopkeeperandtheotherasthecustomer,offerandrequesttheitemsyouneed.usetheseexpressionstohelpyou.
wouldyoulike…?
couldihave…?
mightisuggest…?
mayisee…?
youshouldtry…?
couldwelookat…?
canyousee…?
wemighttake…?
homework
chooseoneofthefollowingsituationstocreateashortdialogueusingmodalverbs.
situationa:
inalibrary.askthelibrarianifhecanhelptofindabookrelatingtosomespecifictopics,whethertheycanberenewedornot,andhowtodoifthebooksarelost.（“couldyoupleasefind…?
”“mayi…?
”“youmustn’t…”）
situationb:
adoctorgivesapatientsomeadvice.（“youshould…”）
situationc:
inaparkbyalake.discussthatoneshouldnotdestroytheenvironment.（“youshould…”,“youshouldn’t…”,“youmustn’t…”）
situationd:
requestinganappointment.（“willyou…?
”“shalli…?
”）
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