英国文化学习资料.docx

英国文化学习资料.docx

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英国文化学习资料

ChapterOneEnglishHistiory

I.ChoosetheCorrectAnswerfromEachoftheFollowing.

1.Intheyear1066,WilliamtheConquerorinvadedEnglandfromFrance,defeatingtheSaxonkingHaroldat.

A.theBattleofCrecyC.theBattleofHastings

B.theBattleofAgincourtD.theBattleofWaterloo

2.OneofthefollowingdidnottakeplaceduringtheMiddleAges.Itwas.

A.theNormanConquestC.theHundredYearsWar

B.theCrusadesD.the“GunpowderPlot”

3.ThemostfamousoftheEnglishCrusaderswastheNormanking,.

A.RichardLion-HeartC.KingArthur

B.KingJohnD.AlfredtheGreat

4.FormuchoftheMiddleAges,Britainwasruledbya（n）aristocracy.

A.English-speakingC.German-speaking

B.French-speakingD.Gaelic-speaking

5.InEngland,theProtestantReformationbeganwith.

A.KingJohnC.QueenElizabeth

B.HenryVIIID.BloodyMary

6.Shakespearelivedintheperiodof.

A.theMiddleAgesC.theElizabethanage

B.theVictorianageD.theIndustrialRevolution

7.ThedefeatoftheSpanishArmadabytheEnglishnavytookplaceduring.

A.theMiddleAgesC.theElizabethanage

B.the“grabforAfrica”D.theVictorianage

8.The“GunpowderPlot”tookplaceinthereignof.

A.JamesIC.HenryVIII

B.ElizabethID.CharlesI

9.Thekingwhobelievedthe“DivineRight”togovern,andwhowascondemnedtodeathduringtheEnglishCivilWarwas.

A.HenryVIIIC.CharlesI

B.JamesID.JamesII

10.Duringthewholeoftheeighteenthcentury,England’sgreatenemywas.

A.SpainC.America

B.FranceD.Germany

11.OneofthefollowingdidnottakeplaceduringtheeighteenthcenturyinBritishhistory.Itwas.

A.greatvictoriesoverFranceC.thelossofherAmericancolonies

B.theIndustrialRevolutionD.thefoundingofthemodernpoliceforce

12.TheReformBillintheeighteenthcenturyinBritishhistorywasmadeto.

A.extendthefranchiseC.encourageinventions

B.developtradeunionsD.improvesocialservices

13.OneofthefollowingwasnotacharacteristicoftheVictorianage.

A.Itwasanageofnationaldevelopmentandnationaloptimism.

B.Itwasanageofstabilityinfamilylife.

C.Itwasanageofimperialism.

D.Itwasanageoflackofbeliefinreligion.

14.OneofthefollowingdidnottakeplacebetweenthetwoworldwarsinBritishhistory.Itwas.

A.the“suffragette”movement

B.theindependenceofthesouthernpartofIreland

C.thegreat“slump”

D.theGeneralStrike

15.WhichofthefollowingdidnottakeplaceaftertheSecondWorldWarinBritishhistory?

A.TheindependenceofthecoloniesoftheoldBritishempire

B.TheavailabilityofTVsetsandcarstoalmosteveryhome

C.The“suffragette”movement

D.Thefoundingofthe“WelfareState”

II.FillintheBlanks

1.TheCrusadeswereaseriesofwarsinwhicharmiesfromalloverEuropetriedtosnatchthe“”（i.e.Palestine,whereJesusChristoncelived）fromthe.

2.InBritishhistory,thegreatrivalsoftheking’sauthorityduringtheMiddleAgeswere

andthelocalchiefs,called.

3.AllthekingsoftheMiddleAgesinBritainspokeastheirmothertongue,andaftertheHundredYears’War,thelanguagetookitsplace.

4.DuringtheHundredYears’WarbetweenEnglandandFrance,EnglishbowmendefeatedtheheavilyarmedFrenchknightsinthefamousBattlesofand,andthewholeofFranceverynearlyfellintoEnglishhands.

5.Thesixteenthcenturywastheageofgreatvoyagesofdiscovery.andwerethetwogreatsailorswhostartedtheageofdiscovery.

7.ProtestantismgraduallybecamethedominantfaithinBritaininthereignof.

8.MostpeopleassociatetheElizabethanagewithtwothings.Thefirstis.Theotheris.

9.ThegreatestsailorwholedtheEnglishfleettovictoryinfightingtheSpanishArmadawas.

10.TheEnglishCivilWarresultedinthetemporaryoverthrowofthe,andthecountrybecameformorethantenyearsasortofrepublicfoundedby.

11.IntheEnglishCivilWar,the“Roundhead”supportedwhilethe“Cavalier”supported.

14.ThelongestreigninBritishhistorywasthemonarchofthegreatQueenVictoria,whichlastedfromtheyearto.

15.TheOriginofSpecieswaswrittenby.

17.AfterWorldWarII,thefirsttwocoloniesoftheoldBritishEmpirethatbecamefreewere___and.

III.Explanation

1.theHundredYears’War

（1）AwarbetweenEnglandandFrancewhichlasted,onandoff,forahundredyearsfrom1337to1453.

（2）ItwasfoughtentirelyinFrance,andthewholeofFranceverynearlyfellintoEnglishhandsinthefamousbattlesofCrecyandAgincourt.（3）Eventually,partlythroughtheinspirationofthebravegirlJoanofArc,andpartlythroughtheeffectiveuseofguns,theFrenchdrovetheEnglishfromtheirlandforgood.

2.theCatholicChurch

（1）ItreferstotheChristianchu