大学综英unit3阅读难点详解.docx

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大学综英unit3阅读难点详解.docx

大学综英unit3阅读难点详解

DetailedReading

Ⅰ.DifficultSentences

1.(Title)“FatherKnowsBetter”

1.Whatdoes“Fatherknowsbetter.”mean

(=“Fatherknowsbetter.”or“Father,youknowbetterthanthat.”literallymeansFatherwaswiseenoughnottodosomething.Actuallyitdoesnothavethismeaning.ItmeansFatherwasnotwisewhenhemeddledwithhischildren’saffairs.)

2.HowmanytimesdoesthissentenceoccurinthetextWhatcanyouinferfromthesentence

(=Thissentenceoccurssixtimesinthetext.ThechildrensaiditsatiricallytoshowtheirdisapprovalofFather’smeddlingwiththeiraffairs.)

2.~40)“I’msurehe’sagoodworkerbutatypicalteenager,ifyouknowwhatImean.”

1.WhatdidFathermeanbysayingthis

(=Fatherwasproudofhissonashethoughthissonwouldworkwell,buthewasalittleworriedthathissonwasaboyandhemightmakesomemistakesinhiswork.)

2.Whatwasthemanager’sresponse

(=Asayoungman,themanagerdidn’tunderstandafather’sfeeling,andshowednointerests.)

3.~43)“AndIassureyouthatifthereareanysubjectsthatneedtobeaddressed,SeanandIwillhaveaman-to-mantalk.”

1.Whatisaman-to-mantalk

(=Atalkthattakesplacebetweentwomen,especiallytwomenwhoneedtodiscussaseriouspersonalmatter.)

2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

(=你放心,要是有什么问题需要解决的话,我和肖恩会开诚布公地谈一谈的。

4.~61)“Ifthatsortofthinghappenedonlyonceinawhile,itwouldn’tbesobad.Overall,Iwouldn’twanttotrademydadforanyoneelse’s.”

Whatcanyouinferfromthesentence

(=Fatherwasalwaysmeddlingwithhischildren’saffairs,andthechildrendislikedit.However,thechildrenlovedFatherandifheinterferedwiththeiraffairsonlyonceinawhile,theycouldbearit.)

5.~92)“Throughclenchedteeth,thewordsareinamonotoneandevenlyspaced.”

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

(=咬紧牙,一字一顿地说。

 

6.“Whybackinmyday–”

1.Paraphrasethesentence.

(=Well,whenIwasyoung,wedidn’tbehavelikethat.)

2.Whatdoesthesentenceimply

(=Itimpliesagapbetweentheyounggenerationandtheoldergeneration.)

7.“Getthisoverwith,morelikely.”

1.Whatisthecorrectorderofthissentence

(=Itismorelikelytogetthisoverwith.)

2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

(=还不如说,是把这份罪受完算了。

 

8.~168)“Andit’snotjustoneofuswho’vefelttheheavyhandofinterference.Oh,no,allthreeofusliveinconstantdreadknowingthatatanytimedisastercanstrike…”

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

(=不止我一个人深受他横加干预之苦。

哦,绝非我一个人。

我们兄妹三个整天提心吊胆,知道倒霉的是随时可能来临…)

Ⅱ.WordsandExpressions

1.(Title)knowbetter:

behaveinamoresensibleandacceptableway

*Heisoldenoughtoknowbetter.

*他很明事理,不至于以貌取人。

(=Heknowsbetterthantojudgebyappearances.)

Pattern:

knowbetterthansb.

knowbetterthantodosth.

2.location:

n.aplaceorposition

*Thisisasuitablelocationforacamp.

*目击者向警察指出事故的确切地点。

(=Witnessesshowedthepolicetheexactlocationoftheaccident.)

 

3.embarrass:

vt.make(sb.)feelawkwardorashamed

*Itembarrassedhimthathehadtogiveatalkinfrontofalotofpeople.

*Idon’tlikemakingspeechesinpublic.It’ssoembarrassing.

*IwasreallyembarrassedwhenIcouldn’tanswertheteacher’squestion.

4.dumb:

adj.

1)foolish

*Thatwasadumbthingtodo.

*Hewassodumbthathelefthiskeysathomeagain.

2)unabletospeak

*Theterriblenewsstruckusalldumb.

*他生来不能说话,但是他设法找到一个好工作。

(=Hewasborndumb,buthehasstillmanagedtogetagoodjob.)

5.inunison:

actinginthesamewayatthesametime

*Allthebabiescriedinunison.

*国际社会准备一致反对恐怖主义。

(=Theinternationalcommunityisreadytoworkinunisonagainstterrorism.)

6.consistof:

bemadeupof

*ThecityofNewYorkconsistsoffiveboroughs.

*Thecommitteeconsistsofscientistsandengineers.

Collocation:

consistin等于;在于

CF:

consist,compose,comprise&constitute

这几个词都是动词,都有“组成”的意思。

consist是个不及物动词,与介词of一起连用,不可用于被动语态。

consist的主语表示事物的整体,of后的宾语表示事物的组成部分。

例如:

*Waterconsistsofhydrogenandoxygen.水由氢和氧组成。

*NorthAmericaconsistsoftheUnitedStates,Canada,andMexico.北美洲包括美国、加拿大和墨西哥。

compose的主语表示事物的组成部分,宾语表示事物的整体。

但在被动语态中正好相反。

例如:

*TheUnitedStates,Canada,andMexicocomposeNorthAmerica.美国、加拿大和墨西哥合起来构成北美洲。

*Wateriscomposedofhydrogenandoxygen.水由氢和氧组成。

Comprise用作及物动词,有两种用法:

传统规则认为其主语应当为事物的整体,宾语应当为事物的组成部分,词义为“由……组成,由……构成”;另一种趋势是用comprise表达“组成,构成”的意思,此时其主语为事物的组成部分,宾语为事物的整体。

*NorthAmericacomprisestheUnitedStates,Canada,andMexico.北美洲包括美国、加拿大和墨西哥。

*Tenstoriescomprisethebook.十个故事组成了这本书。

constitute的主语表示事物的组成部分,宾语表示事物的整体。

例如:

*TheUnitedStates,Canada,andMexicoconstituteNorthAmerica.美国、加拿大和墨西哥合起来构成北美洲。

*Sevendaysconstituteaweek.七天为一周。

7.fade:

vi.

1)losecolororbrightness

*Thewallpaperhasfaded.

2)disappearslowly

*Thesoundofthunderfadedawayintothedistance.

*随着天气越来越冷,他早锻炼的热情逐渐消失了。

(=Herenthusiasmforearly-morningexercisesfadedastheweatherwasgettingcolderandcolder.)

Collocation:

fadeaway逐渐消失

fadeout逐渐消失;淡出

8.overall:

1.adv.ingeneral

*Overall,pricesarestillrising.

*Overall,Ilikeher,despiteherfaults.

2.adj.includingeverything;total(onlybeforenoun)

*Theoveralllengthofthefishis3feet5inches.

9.tradefor:

exchange(sth.)for(sth.else)

*Theytradedtheirclothesforfood.

*农民用农产品换工具和钱.

(=Thefarmerstradedfarmproducefortoolsandmoney.)

10.keepinsuspense:

delaytelling(sb.)whattheyareeagertoknow

*We’vebeenkeptinsuspensewaitingfortheexaminationresults.

*观众的悬念一直持续到剧终。

(=Theaudienceiskeptinsuspensetotheveryendoftheplay.)

Collocation:

breakthesuspense消除悬念

holdsb.insuspense使某人处于悬念之中

beinsuspenseover对…悬疑不安

11.interrupt:

v.stop(sb.)fromcontinuingwhattheyaresayingordoing

*Stopinterruptme.I’mtryingtotalktoyourmother.

*MydaughterkeptinterruptingmewhenIspoke.

12.bet:

1.vi.besure

*Ibetitwillsnowtomorrow.

*Ibetshewaslateforthemeetingonpurpose.

2.v.risk(money)ontheresultofafutureevent

*Ibetyou5$thattheywillwinthenextelection.

*Ibetonthewronghorse.Itlosttherace.

13.distract:

vt.take(sb.’sattention)awayfromsth.esp.forashorttime

*Don’tdistractmefromworking.

*Shewasdistractedbythenoiseoutside.

*玩电脑游戏有时让他写作业分心。

(=Playingcomputergamessometimesdistractshimfromhishomework.)

Pattern:

distractsb./sth.

distractsb./sth.from

 

14.glorious:

adj.wonderful

*Lookatthegloriouscolorsonthesky.

*Itseemsapitytobeindoorsonsuchagloriousday.

15.handdown:

giveorleavetopeoplewhoareyoungerorcomelater

*Thegoldwatchhasbeenhandeddownfrommygrandfather.

*她有一些珠宝,是从她祖母那儿传下来的。

(=Shehadsomejewelry,whichhadbeenhandeddownfromhergrandmother.)

Collocation:

handin上交;交给

handon传递;依次传下去

handout分给;分发

handover交出;移交

16.atanyrate:

whatevermayhappen;inanycase

*Atanyrate,I’mgoingbackhome.

*Atanyrate,yousurvivedthecaraccident.

Collocation:

birthrate出生率

first-rate一流的

atthis/thatrate这样/那样的话;照这样/那样的情形

rateofexchange汇率

CF:

speed,rate&pace

这几个词都是名词,都有“速度”的意思。

speed一般指单位时间内所运动的距离。

例如:

*Hedroveataspeedof70milesperhour.他以每小时七十英里的速度行驶。

*Wecan’tgoanyfaster.We’realreadyattopspeed.我们不能再快了。

我们已经全速前进了。

rate指比率、率,如速度、出生率、入学率等。

指速度时可与speed换用。

例如:

*Shecanreadattherateof100wordsaminute.她每分钟能阅读100个单词。

*Hemustpayattherateof10percent.他必须按照百分之十的比率付款。

pace主要指行走、跑步等的步速,也可指生活、生长、进展等方面的速度、进度等。

例如:

*Ifyouadvanceonepace,Iwillshootyou.你再向前走一步,我就开枪了。

*Theworkprogressedataslowpace.工作进展很慢。

17.community:

n.thepeoplelivinginoneplace,district,orcountry,consideredasawhole

*Thejobofapolicemanistoservethecommunity.

*Collegestudentshavelearnedalotincommunityservice.

18.narrowdown:

make(alistofthings)smaller

*Theanswertothequestionwasnarroweddowntotwochoices.

*一百多位申请者将会被减少成仅仅五位候选人。

(=Overahundredapplicantswillbenarroweddowntoashortlistoffivecandidates.)

Pattern:

narrowdownto

19.exhaust:

vt.

1)make(sb.)verytired,eitherphysicallyormentally

*Whatanexhaustingday!

*Fourhours’workalmostexhaustedher.

2)useupcompletely

*Theyhaveexhaustedthesupplyofoxygen.

*Whatwillwedoifweexhaustourreservesofoil

CF:

tired,exhausted&wornout

这几个词都是形容词,都有“累、疲惫”的意思。

tired为常见词,但本身没有指明精力的削减程度。

例如:

*Hebecametiredfromhours’reading.他阅读了几小时,感到疲倦。

exhausted指体力、精力的完全损耗,难以恢复或需要较长时间才可恢复。

例如:

*Hereturnedatlast,tooexhaustedtoeatanything.他终于回来了,累得吃不下任何东西。

wornout指过度使用而失去价值或功效。

例如:

*Hedivorcedhiswifebecausehewaswornoutfromlisteningtoherconstantcomplaints.听妻子不停地抱怨而厌烦,他为此和她离婚了。

20.repeatedly:

adv.againandagain

*Irepeatedlywarnyounottotakethejob.

*我们反复要求员工不允许在办公室吸烟。

(=Wehaverepeatedlyrequestedthatstaffshouldnotbeallowedtosmokeintheoffice.)

21.swallow:

v.causeorallow(esp.foodordrink)togodownthethroat;hideorsuppressafeeling

*Chewyourfoodproperlybeforeswallowingit.

*Itriedtoswallow,butmymouthwastoodry.

22.frank:

adj.showingone’sthoughtsandfeelingsopenly

*Ifyouwantmyfrankopinion,Idon’tthinktheplanwillsucceed.

*Itisclearthatmystudentshavebeenfrankwithme.

Pattern:

befrankwithsb.

befrankaboutsth.

23.interference:

n.unwantedorunnecessaryinvolvementinsth.

*Iwantedtodothethingonmyownwithoutoutsideinterference.

*你干涉他的私人事务是没道理的。

(=Yourinterferenceinhisprivateaffairsisunreasonable.)

Pattern:

interferenceinsth.

interferencewithsb.

24.constant:

adj.

1)withoutstopping

*Hewasinconstantpain.

*Ihaveh

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