高中英语学科优化课件名词性从句.docx
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高中英语学科优化课件名词性从句
高中英语学科优化课件:
名词性从句
1.考点实例:
15年海南高考阅读题A篇:
题目21.WhydidtheauthorsayhewasfooledintobuyingtheTVset?
A.Hegotanoldermodelthanhehadexpected.
B.Hecouldn’treturnitwhenitwasbroken.
C.Hecouldhaveboughtitatalowerprice.
D.Hefailedtofindanymovieshowsonit.
15年海南高考阅读题C篇:
OwainJames,thepresidentoftheNationalUnionofStudents(NUS),arguedthattheincreaseisevidenceofstudenthadship–youngpeoplearebeingforcedintoearningmoneybeforefinishingtheireducation.
“Newstudentsarenowawarethattheyarelikelytoleaveuniversityupto£15,000indebt.ItisnotsurprisingthatmoreandMorestudentsaretakingagapyeartoearnmoneytosupporttheirstudyforthedegree.NUSstatisticsshowthatover40%ofstudentsareforcedtoworkduringtermtimeandthefigureincreasesto90%duringvacationperiods,”hesaid.
题目31.HowdoesOwainJamesfeelaboutthegap-yearphenomenon?
A.He'spuzzled.B.He'sworried.
C.He'ssurprised.D.He'sannoyed.
2.名词是什么?
能做什么成分?
Dogsarefriends.
Ilovedogs.
Ace,anEnglishteacher,worksveryhard.
名词可以做,,,,还可以做句子。
3.主语从句=引导词+陈述语序
Hewantedtoknow_____theEnglishparty.(2010天津中考)
A.whenwillwehave
B.whenwouldwehave
C.whenwewouldhave
引导词陈述语序
三大从句之——名词性从句
用从句替代名词
▪Iknowasecret.——我是名词
▪IknowthatOldYuhasaspecialkungfu.——我是从句
▪(ThatOldYuhasaspecialKungfu)istrue.
▪Iknow(thatOldYuhasaspecialKungfu).
▪Thefactis(thatOldYuhasaspecialKungfu).
▪Thefact(thatOldYuhasaspecialKungfu)istrue.
▪名从是一个句子
▪名从是一件事儿
▪名从是一个名词儿
▪名从就是用一个句子
▪表示一件事儿
▪再把它
▪变成
▪一个名词儿——名从之歌
1.定义:
作主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句在系动词/谓语动词之前,有连词衔接。
(Thattheearthgoesaroundthesun)isknowntoall.
(Thathewillcome)madeushappy
(WhetherJordanwillcome)isunknown.连接词
(Whowillcome)makesnodifference.
(Whatweneed)ismoretime.连接代词
(Howthishappened)isnotcleartoanyone.
(Whenweshallhaveoursportsmeeting)isstillaquestion.连接副词
2.形式主语it结构
It'sapity(that)youmissedsuchagoodopportunity.
It'sstillaquestionwhenweshallbuythenewequipment.
It'sstillunknownwhetherhewillcomeornot.
Itissaidthatthepresidentwillvisitourcompany.
Itseemsthathehascaughtacold.
2.1、主语从句常用it作形式主语,真正的主语放在后面,在口语和非正式文体中that可省略
2.2、that位于句首时不能省略.2.3、who,what,which等代词不能用it作形式主语
2.4形式主语it结构主语从句的常用句型:
1)Itis+n.+从句
Itisapity/shamethat...遗憾的是……
Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是…
Itisafactthat……是事实
Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常识
*_______________(很遗憾)welostthematch.
*______________(这是事实)hecheatedintheexam.
2)Itis+adj.+从句
It’scertainthat…肯定…
Itispossiblethat...很可能……
Itisunlikelythat...不可能……
Itisobviousthat…很明显…
Itisnecessary\important\natural\...that…
*_________________(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.
*_________________(很明显)thismeasureiseffective.
3)It+不及物动词+从句
Ithappenedthat...碰巧……
Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…
*________________(刚好)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.
*____________________(我突然想起)Iforgettosenttheletter.
4)It+be+过去分词+从句
Itissaidthat...据说……
Itisknowntoallthat...众所周知……
Itisreportedthat...据报道……
Itisbelievedthat...据信……;人们相信……
Itissuggestedthat+(should)do...建议……
Itmustbeadmittedthat…必须承认……
Itcannotbedeniedthat…不可否认……
Itmustbepointedoutthat…需指出的是……
*___________________(据报道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.
*______________________(建议)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.
4.宾语从句
用句子做宾语,且位于谓语或介词之后连词衔接的句子。
1.IthoughtIheardthemsayWelcometotheHotelCalifornia。
2.Asillyboyalwayssaysthattheremustbeauseformytalent.
3.Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwecanplayfootballnow.
4.特殊宾语从句:
Certain,afraid,satisfied,surprised,glad,happy
4.1IamsureIwillpasstheexam.
4.2IamsorrythatIhavetroublesyousolong.
4.3IamawarethatImadeamistake.
2.引导词
3.形式宾语
IfinditisdifficulttopracticespeakingEnglisheveryday
IfinditdifficulttopracticespeakingEnglisheveryday
IfinditdifficultthatIpracticespeakingEnglisheveryday
Healwaystakesitforgrantedthathecanpasstheexam.
that不可省略
4.宾语从句的语序
Iaskhowoldhewasandwherehewasfrom.
Canyoutellmewherethetoiletis?
陈述语序
Canyoutellmewhatisthematter/whatiswrong?
特殊情况
5.注意
Iknowyouaren’tadoctorandthatyouwantyousontobeadoctorinthefuture.并列的第二个宾语从句that不可省略。
HerefusedtohelpmedespitethefactthatIaskedhimseveraltimes.介词后不加that引导的从句。
5.表语从句
系动词后连词衔接的句子
ThefactisthatDiaoyuIslandorigionallybelongstoChina.
That/This/Itisbecauseyoucrossedtheline.
Thereasonwhyhedidthisisthathelovesher.
六.名词性从句中的(连接词)引导词分类
从属连词连接代词连接副词
Whoeverdidthisjobmustberewarded.
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
作及物动词宾语
作介词宾语
that
一般不省略
可以省略
一般不省略
一般不省略
一般不省略
whether/if
放于句首时用于whether
用whether/if均可,有区别
用whether
用whether
用whether
(一)名从=确定的事儿
▪造句方法:
直接在句子前面加that
▪翻译方法:
不看that,直接翻译
(thatLiHuiteachesEnglish)
(thatOldYuhasaspecialKungfu)
Iknow….OldYuhasaspecialkungfu.(that)
例:
1.It’sgoodtoknow____thedogswillbecaredforwhilewe’reaway.
A.whatB.whose
C.whichD.that
2.Jerrydidnotregretgivingthecommentbutfelt___hecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.(2012北京)
A.whyB.how
C.thatD.whether
(二)名从=不确定的事儿
▪造句方法:
直接在句子前面加whether/if
▪翻译方法:
是否…/…与否
(whether/ifOldYuhasaspecialKungfu).
(whether/ifitwillraintomorrow)
Idon’tknow…DoesOldYuhaveaspecialKungfu?
(whether/if)
whether/ifPK技巧
If:
只能用于宾语从句、有形式主语it的主语从句(放句中)
Itisdoubtfulwhether/ifhewillcomehere.
且不能后接不定式,不能和or(not)连用,不能用于discuss后的宾语从句…
whether:
当主语从句位于句首;表语从句;同位语从句;
Ihavenoideawhetherthemeetingwillbeheld.
Thequestioniswhetherthemeetingwillbeheld.
总结——两者PK时,先判断能否选whether。
(2012湖南)Everyoneinthevillageisveryfriendly.Itdoesn’tmatter______youhavelivedthereforashortoralongtime.
A.whyB.how
C.whetherD.when
(2012天津)Itdoesn‘tmatter___youturnrightorleftatthecrossing--bothroadsleadtothepark.
A.whetherB.how
C.ifD.when
Itdoesn‘tmatter______youpaybycashorcreditcardinthestore.
A.howB.whether
C.whatD.why
(三)名从=问题
▪(whenwherewhyhow/whowhomwhichwhat)
连接副词连接代词
【注意】当从句部分缺名词时,用连接代词;当从句部分不缺名词的时候,用连接副词。
(WhatIthinkof)isunsure.我想念什么不确定。
(WhenIthinkofyou)isunsure.我何时想你不确定。
造句方法:
▪Step1:
先把中文直译成英语
▪Step2:
把疑问词提前whenwherewhyhowwhowhomwhichwhat
Idon’tknow…WhatkindofKungfudoesOldYuhave?
(what)
翻译方法:
▪Step1:
先翻译除引导词以外的部分
▪Step2:
加入引导词意思
1.when
你什么时候来。
Youwhencome.
→(whenyoucome)
→你来的那个时间
2.where
▪他去了哪儿。
→Hewentwhere.
→(wherehewent)
→他去的那个地方
3.why
▪你为什么学英语。
→YouwhylearnEnglish.
→(whyyoulearnEnglish)
→你学英语的那个原因
4.how
▪他怎么回的家。
→Hehowwenthome
→(howhewenthome)
→他回家的那个方式
5.who
▪谁动了我的奶酪。
→whomovedmycheese.
→(whomovedmycheese)
→动了我奶酪的那个人
6.whom
▪你想和谁一起去。
→youwanttogowithwhom.
→(whomyouwanttogowith)
→你想跟着一起去的那个人
7.which
▪你想要哪个
→Youwantwhich
→(whichyouwant)
→你想要的那个
8.what
▪你想说什么
Youwanttosaywhat.
→(whatyouwanttosay)
→你想说的那个东西
例:
1.Itisnotimmediatelyclear_____thefinancialcrisiswillsoonbeover.
A.sinceB.what
C.whenD.whether
2.Wehaven’tdiscussedyet______wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where
3.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis______Idisagree.
A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how
4.—Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?
—Theyalwaysletmedo______IthinkIshoulddo.
A.whenB.that
C.howD.what
【总结】名从考点:
十大引导词
that:
这件事
whether:
是否/…与否.
if:
是否/…与否.
when:
…的那个时候.
Where:
…的那个地方.
why:
…的那个原因
how:
怎样/..的那个方式.
who:
…的那个人.
whom:
…的那个人.
which:
哪个…/…的其中一个.
what:
什么/…的那个东西.
ThatOldYuhasaspecialkungfuisknowntousall.
WhetherOldYuhasaspecialkungfuisunknown.
WhenOldYulearntthespecialkungfuisunknown.
WhereOldYulearntthespecialkungfuisunknown.
WhyOldYulearntthespecialkungfuisunknown.
HowOldYulearntthespecialkungfuisunknown.
WhohasthespecialKungfuisunknown.
WhomOldYulearnedtheKungfufromisunknown.
WhichKungfuOldYuhasisunknown.
WhatkindofkungfuOldYuhasisunknown
名从解题技巧
1、从句缺名词:
用“连代”(注意:
90%是what)
2、从句不缺名词:
用“连词”或”连副”;
3、确定的事儿:
用that
4、表“是否/与否”或跟or/ornot搭配:
用whether/if
5、特殊情况时,从句不缺名词也用what/which:
whatproblems/whichfruit
1.which\what可以在从句中“修饰”名词
▪你想要哪个蛋糕。
→Youwantwhichcake
→(whichcakeyouwant)
▪你最喜欢哪种水果。
→youlikebestwhatkindoffruit.
→(whatkindoffruityoulikebest)
例:
1.Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,but______hereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.
A.whereB.whether
C.thatD.why
2.Wecan’tfigureout______quiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.
A.thatB.as
C.whyD.when
3.Iwanttobelikedandlovedfor____Iaminside.
A.whoB.where
C.WhatD.how
4.____somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.
A.Whether
B.What
C.That
D.How
5.Ithinkfatherwouldliketoknow______I’vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.
A.whichB.whyC.whatD.how
6.Whenasked______theyneededmost,thekidssaidtheywantedtofeelimportantandloved.
A.whatB.why
C.whomD.which
7.实例演练
主句……hasnotyetbeenannounced.主语从句wheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheld
Whether意思是“是否”,对应isnotsure.
因为what在这里充当宾语,是实词,其他三个都是虚词.
引导主语、宾语或表语从句时,what在从句中要充当句子成分;而that引导主语、宾语、表语和同位语从句时,不作任何成分,只起语法连接作用.