Unit12GenderBiasinLanguageTeachingplan综合教程.docx

Unit12GenderBiasinLanguageTeachingplan综合教程.docx

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Unit12GenderBiasinLanguageTeachingplan综合教程

Unit-12-Gender-Bias-in-Language-Teaching-plan-综合教程一

Unit12GenderBiasinLanguage

TeachingObjectives

1）Tohelpstudentstobeawareofgenderbiasinlanguage

2）Tohelpstudentsunderstandthebasicstructureandfeaturesofanexpositiveessay

3）Tohelpstudentstolearnlanguagepointsandrhetoricaldevicesusedinthetext

Pre-readingActivities

I.Pre-readingquestions

1.DoyouthinkChineseteachersfavorboysovergirls?

Supportyouranswerbygivingexamplesbasedonyourownexperience.

2.Doyoupreferasingle-sexclassormixedone?

Stateyourreasons.

.Culturalinformation

1.WhyWeNeedanEqualRightsAmendment:

WhyWeNeedanERA;TheGenderGapRunsDeepinAmericanLaw

MarthaBurkandEleanorSmeal

Whyistheamendmentneeded?

Twenty-threecountries—includingSriLankaandMoldova—havesmallergendergapsineducation,politicsandhealththantheUnitedStates,accordingtotheWorldEconomicForum.Weare68thintheworldinwomen'sparticipationinnationallegislatures.Onaverage,awomanworkingfulltimeandyear-roundstillmakesonly77centstoaman'sdollar.Womenhold98percentofthelow-paying"women's"jobsandfewerthan15percentoftheboardseatsatmajorcorporations.Becausetheirprivatepensions—iftheyhavethematall—arelowerandbecauseSocialSecurityputsworkingwomenatadisadvantageandgrantsnocreditforyearsspentathomecaringforchildrenoragingparents,three-quartersoftheelderlyinpovertyarewomen.AndineverystateexceptMontana,womenstillpayhigherratesthansimilarlysituatedmenforalmostallkinds

qualifylanguage.Itisuptoustodecidewhatwewillallowtobeusedandmadeproperintheareaoflanguage.”Evidently,theydenotethewriter’sattitudetowardwhatweshoulddoaboutgenderbiasinlanguage.

II.Structuralanalysis

1.Whattypeofwritingisthetext?

Thistextisanexpositiveessaywithreferencetogenderbiasinlanguage.

2.What’sthemainstrategytodevelopthisexpositiveessay?

Thetextismainlydevelopedbymeansofexemplification.Examplesareabundantlyusedin

Paragraphs2-6.

3.Workoutthestructureofthetextbycompletingthetable.

Paragraph（s）

Mainidea

1

Thewriterraisestheissuetobediscussed:

Islanguagethecauseofthebiasorisitreflectiveofthepreexistingbiasthattheuserholds?

2-6

Thewriterprovidesquiteanumberoftypicalexamplestoillustrategenderbiasinlanguage.

7

Thewritermakeshisattitudeoropinionclearontheissueofgenderbiasinlanguage.

DetailedReading

TextIGenderBiasinLanguage

Paragraph1

Questions:

1.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoflanguage?

Theauthorthinksthatlanguageisverypowerfulandthemostcommonmethodofcommunication,butisoftenmisunderstoodandmisinterpreted,foritisaverycomplicatedsystemofsymbolswithplentyofsubtledifferences.

Paragraphs2-6

Questions:

1.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2?

（Paragraph2）

Paragraph2explainsandillustratesthefactthatsomewordsinEnglishareinherentlybiasedagainstwomenandthattheEnglishlanguagegenerallyreflectsmalesupremacyandfemalesubservience.

2.WhichisthetopicsentenceofParagraph3?

（Paragraph3）

ThisshowsthattheusageofmanyoftheEnglishwordsisalsowhatcontributestothebiaspresentintheEnglishlanguage.

3.WhatdoyouthinkofthetwoexamplesgiveninParagraph4?

（Paragraph4）

Thetwoexamples,whicharevividandinteresting,arecloselyrelatedtothemainideathatwomenareseenaspassivewhilemenareactiveandbringthingsintobeing.

4.WhichsentenceinParagraph5showsthatgenderconnotationsinwordsaffectpeople’sbehavior?

（Paragraph5）

Itisthelastsentence,“Itisalsocommonplacenottoscoldlittlegirlsforbeing‘tomboys’buttoscoffatlittleboyswhoplaywithdollsorridegirl’sbicycles.”

5.WhichsentencesinParagraph6denotethewriter’sattitude?

（Paragraph6）

Thesentencesthatshowthewriter’sattitudetowardstheuseofimpolitetermsinreferencetowomenare“…butwhyusethemwhentherearesomanymoretochoosefrom?

”and“Itisalsothemosteffectiveweaponofdestruction.”

Paragraph7

Questions:

1.Whatkindchangehastakenplaceinregardtogenderbiasinlanguage?

PeoplehaverecognizedgenderbiasinEnglishandmadenecessarychanges.

2.Whatisthewriter’sopinioninreferencetogenderbiasinlanguage?

Thewriterthinksitisnecessarytomaketheproperadjustmentsinternallytouseappropriatelanguagetoeffectivelyincludebothgenders,andthatitisuptoourdecisionoftheproperwordused.

FurtherEnhancement

TextIITheDifferenceBetweenSexandGender

Lead-inQuestions

1.Accordingtoyou,whatarethegenderdifferencesbetweenmaleandfemale?

2.Whatarethecausesofthosedifferences?

Notes

1.connotativemeanings（Paragraph1）:

theadditionalmeaningsthatawordorphrasehasbeyond

itscentralmeaning.Thesemeaningsshowpeople’semotionsandattitudeswhatthewordorphraserefersto.Forexample,childcouldbedefinedasayounghumanbeingbuttherearemanyothercharacteristicswhichdifferentpeopleassociatewithchild,e.g.affectionate,amusing,lovable,sweet,noisy,irritating.Someconnotationsmaybesharedbyagroupofpeopleofthesameculturalorsocialbackground,sex,orrace;othersmayberestrictedtooneorseveralindividualsanddependontheirpersonalexperience.

2.BarryWhite（Paragraph2）:

（1944-2003）wasanAmericanrecordproducer,songwriterandsinger.AmultipleGrammyAward-winnerknownforhisdeepbassvoiceandromanticimage,White’sgreatestsuccesscameinthe1970swiththeLoveUnlimitedOrchestra,craftingmanyenduringhitsoulanddiscosongs.

3.Theynormallywalkwithaswitchandspeakwithsoftvoices.（Paragraph2）:

Womenusually

walkswayingfromsidetosideandspeakwithgentlevoices.

4.Thesedescriptionsmaynotapplytoallmenandwomen,…（Paragraph2）:

Theseoversimplifiedcharacteristicsmaynotbeappliedasageneralizationtoallmenandwomen.

5.sexualidentity（Paragraph3）:

Sexualidentityisaperson’sstrongfeelingofbeingamaleorfemale.Itincludessexualorientation–thatis,whetherapersonissexuallyattractedtotheoppositesexorthesamesex.Peoplewhoareprimarilyattractedtomembersoftheirownsexarecalledhomosexual,gay,or,iftheyarewomen,lesbian.Peoplewhoareattractedtotheoppositesexarecalledheterosexualorstraight.Peoplewhofeelattractedtopeopleofbothsexesarebisexual.Despiteconsiderableresearch,theoriginsofsexualorientationarenotcompletelyunderstood.

6.Certaintraitsmaygetmixedupwhendealingwithpeoplewholiketocross-dress.（Paragraph4）:

Certainfeaturesofthetwosexesmaybefoundmixedinthecaseofthosewholiketoweartheclothesoftheoppositesex.

7.Somepeoplegetsexchangeoperationsandbecometranssexuals.（Paragraph4）:

Asmallnumberofmalesandfemalesbelievetheyshouldhavebeenbornamemberoftheothersex.Suchindividuals,calledtranssexuals,believetheyhavethewrongbodyfortheirfeelingsandemotions.Theyfeel“trapped”inthebodyofthewrongsex.Sometranssexualshavesurgerytochangetheiranatomytomatchtheirfeelings.Transsexualismoccursmoreinmalesthaninfemales.Itscauseisunknown.Somebehavioralscientiststhinkitresultsfromanearlydisturbanceinthemother-infantrelationshipandalackofproperidentificationwiththesame-sexparent.Thereisnoevidenceofhormonalabnormalitiesintranssexuals.

8.hermaphrodites（Paragraph4）:

Ahermaphroditeisananimalwithbothmaleandfemaleorgansofreproduction.Inhumanbeings,hermaphroditismisnotnormal.Theorgansandfunctionsofoneorbothsexesusuallydevelopimperfectlyinsuchrareindividuals.Fewhumancasesofhermaphroditismhavebeenreported.

9.deformity（Paragraph4）:

aconditioninwhichpartofsomeone’sbodyisnotthenormalshape

10.Backthenthiswouldhavebeenaprettygoodhypothesis.（Paragraph5）:

Yearsagoone’soccupationwouldhaveprovidedasound,thoughtentative,cluetoone’ssexualidentity.

11.gradeschool（Paragraph6）:

IntheUnitedStates,agradeschoolisanelementaryschoolorgrammarschool.Elementaryschoolisaschoolforchildrenfromage5or6toage12or14.

12.Theyjugglehomelifeandwork…（Paragraph7）:

Theymanagetofittheirworkintohomemaking……

13.Womenhavebrokenthegenderbarrierinalmosteverysportexceptforfootballandhockey.（Paragraph8）:

Beforethe20thcenturyintheUnitedStateswomencouldnotplayinmostorganizedsports.Soon,however,theybegantoenterthesportsarena.In1972TitleIXoftheEducationAmendmentsActoutlaweddiscriminationbasedongenderineducation,includingschoolsports.Schoolsthenspentadditionalfundingonwomen’sathletics,whichprovidedanenormousboosttowomen’ssportsofallkinds,especiallybasketball,whichbecameverypopular.Women’scollegebasketball,partoftheNationalCollegiateAthleticAssociation（NCAA）,isapopularfocusofinterest.Bytheendofthe20thcentury,thisenthusiasmledtothecreationofamajorprofessionalwomen’sbasketballleague.Womenhavebecomealargepartofathletics,makingtheirmarkinawiderangeofsports.

14.RosaParks（Paragraph9）:

AfricanAmericancivilrightsactivist.In1955inMontgomery,Alabama,Parksrefusedtogiveupherbusseattoawhiteman.HeractionledtotheMontgomerybusstrike,whichwasthefirstlarge-scale,organizedprotestagainstsegregationthatusednonviolenttactics.RosaParks’spersonalactofdefianceopenedadecisivechapterinthecivilrightsmovementintheUnitedStates.

15.HilaryClinton（Paragr