人教版新目标八年级下册英语unit1unit5复习资料.docx
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人教版新目标八年级下册英语unit1unit5复习资料
希望教育人教版新目标八年级下册英语unit1-5复习资料
Unit1What’sthematter?
动词短语:
getanX-ray照X光seeadentist看牙医=gotoadentist
takeone’stempera量tur体e温putsomemedicineonit上药
takebreaks=takeabreak=haveares休t息一下liedown躺下
gotoadoctor看医生inthesameway以同样的方式
hurtoneself伤着自己toone’ssurpr另ise某人吃惊的是
getintotrouble陷入困境,惹麻烦falldown倒塌,跌倒
lookup查阅,查字典writedown写下,记下
inadangeroussituation在危险的情况下byoneself独自,亲自
cutoff切断climbdown爬下
询问某人的健康问题以及遇到了何种麻烦时,常用以下几种结构来表达:
提建议:
shoulddo/shouldn’应t该do/不应该干某事
What’sthematter（withsb）?
/What’swrong（withsb）?
/Whathappened（tosb）?
What’sthetrouble（withsb）?
/What’stheproblem（withsb）?
/AreyouOK?
/
Isthereanythingwrongwithsb?
表达身体疼痛或不舒服:
sbhave/hasafever（cold,cough,theflu）
sbhave/hasa—..ache（headache,toothache,stomachache,backache,anearache）
sbhave/hasasorethroat（back,arm,foot,eyes）Thereissomethingwrongwithone身体部’位s+
Idon’tfeelwe这ll.（里的well是形容词,健康的）
Let’s动+词原形./What（How）aboutdoingsth?
/Whynot（Whydon’tyou）do?
You’dbetterdo/You’dbette最rn好ot干d某o事/最好不要干某事
toomuch+不可数名词:
toomuchhomework动词+toomuch:
talktoomuch
toomany+可数名词复数:
toomanystudentsmuchtoo+adj/adv:
muchtootired
hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的热茶（这里的with是后置定语,修饰tea）
awayfrom:
远离Stayawayfromfire.远离火
A地离B地的具体距离具体的距离+awayfrom:
Myhomeis500metersawayfrom
myschool.
Farfrom:
A地离B地很远Myhomeisfarfrommyschool.（具体多远不知道）
lie动词,躺、位于,过去式lay,过去分词lain,现在分词lying
动词,说谎,过去式lied,过去分词lied,现在分词lying
名词,谎言tellalie=telllies说谎
lay动词,下蛋,产卵,放置,过去式laid,过去分词laid,现在分词laying
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seesbdoingsth看见某人正在干某事
seesbdosth看见某人干某事的全过程
shoutforhelp大声呼救shoutatsb对某人大喊大叫shouttosb对某人大声说话
withoutthinkingtwice毫不犹豫,不假思索
geton上车getoff下车（大型交通工具）
getinto/getoutof（电梯、出租车等小型交通工具）
expectsbtodosth期待某人干某事expectsbnottodosth期待某人不要干某事
agreetodosth同意干某事thanksto多亏了,幸亏=becauseof=withthehelpof
intime及时ontime按时,准时
rightaway=rightnow=atonce立即马上
thinkof想起,认为thinkabout考虑thinkaboutdoingsth考虑干某事
thinkover仔细考虑hitsbin/on+身体部位（软的部位用in,硬的部位用on）
runitunderwater用水冲洗putabandageonit用绷带包扎
Knivesareusedtocutthings.
havetrouble（in）doingsth=haveproblems/difficulty（in）doingsth干某事有麻烦/问
题/困难
havetroublewithsth=haveproblemswithsth=havedifficultywithsth在某方面有
困难
be/getusedtodoingsth习惯于干某事Iamusedtogettingupearly.我习惯
了早起
usedtodosth过去常常干某事（暗示现在不干了）Iusedtogetupearly.暗（示现在不
早起）
beusedtodosth被用来干某事（是由usesthtodosth变为被动语态而来）
takearisk=takerisks冒险
risk用作动词:
risk+n/代/doingsthEg:
Iamwillingtorisklosingeverything.
runout用完,耗尽,物作主语,即sthrunout:
Mymoneyranoutsoon.
runoutof用完,耗尽,=useup人作主语,即sbrunoutofsth:
Iranoutofmymoney
soon.
bereadytodosth=getreadytodosth准备好干某事
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bereadyforsth=getreadyforsth为⋯做好准备
theimportanceof+n/代/doingsth的⋯重要性
theimportanceofwater水的重要性theimportanceofreadingbooks读书的重要性
makedecisions作决定makedecisionstodosth作决定干某事=decidetodosth
beincontrolof掌管,管理Youshouldbeincontrolofyourownlife.
beoutofcontrol失去控制thesameas和⋯一样
die动词,died过去式dying现在分词,可作形容词,垂死的dead形容词,死亡的,
death名词,死亡keepondoingsth坚持干某事
giveup动副短语,代词放中间,用宾格:
giveit/themupgiveupdoingsth放弃干某
事=stopdoingsth
Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.
动词短语:
1.动词+介词:
lookat,listento,lookafter（to,at,in,after,for,of,from,across,with,
through）
2.动词+副词:
pickup,takeout,giveaway（on,off,up,down,out,away,）代词作宾
3.语,放中间,用宾格。
4.动词+名词+介词:
takecareof,takepartin
5.系动词+形容词+介词:
beangrywith,bedifferentfrom
6.动词+副词+介词:
lookforwardto,catchupwith
put:
puton穿上,上演;putoff推迟,延期;putup举起,张贴,搭建;putdown放下
putout扑灭,熄灭;putaway收起来,收好
e:
comefrom来自;comeon快点,加油;comein进来;comeupwith想出,想起
comeout出来,出版,放映;comeover过来,顺便来访
8.look:
lookat看着lookafter照看,照顾;lookout当心;looklike看起
9.来像;lookup查阅lookforwardto期待,盼望
10.turn:
turnon打开;turnoff关掉;turnup声音调大点;turndown
11.声音调小点;
12.cut:
cutup切碎;cutdown砍伐;cutoff切断;cutinto切成
13.take:
takeafter相像;takeoff脱下,起飞;takepartin参加;
takecareof照顾,照料takeout拿出,取出
14.cleanup打扫干净;cheerup振作起来,使高兴起来;setup建立;
15.helpout帮助解决难题;workout解答出来,计算出,效果好;
giveout=handout分发,散发;tryout试验,参加⋯的选拔;
16.dressup打扮,乔装打扮makeup编造;giveup放弃
callup=ringup打电话pickup捡起,开车接某人,growup长大;
17.giveaway赠送;putoffdoingsth推迟干某事
comeupwith=thinkup想出putupsigns张贴标语
3
clean-up名词清洁catchupwith追上,赶上
raisemoney筹集资金raisemoneyfor为⋯筹集资金
inone’sfreeti在me某人的空闲时间fixup修理,装饰givein屈服
answerthetelephone接电话beexcitedabout对⋯感到激动、兴奋
usedtodosth过去常常干某事（暗示现在不干了）
Iusedtoplaybasketballafterschool.
Ididn’utsetoplaybasketballafterschool.或Iusedn’ttoplaybasketballafter
school.
一般疑问句：
Didyouusetoplaybasketballafterschool.或Usedyoutoplay
basketballafterschool.
Yes,Idid./No,Ididn或Ye’s,It.used./No,Iusedn’t.
特殊疑问句：
Whatdidyouusetodo?
或Whatusedyoutodo?
usedtobe过去是（现在不是了）Iusedtobeastudent.现（在不是学生了）
carefor照顾,照料,用于肯定句=lookafter=takecareof
非常喜欢,用于否定句Idon’tcareforgreentea.
lonely&alone
lonely形容词,孤独的,寂寞的,荒凉的,有强烈的感情色彩,
可作表语,如:
Ifeellonely.可作定语,alonelyisland一座孤岛
alone副词,修饰动词,如:
livealone独自生活;也可以用作形容词,但只能作表
语,无感情色彩,强调独自,一个人,如:
Iwasaloneathome.
so&such
so强调形容词或副词,such强调名词
such+a/an+adj+可数名词单数:
suchacleverboy=theboyissoclever
afeelingofsatisfaction一种满足感
satisfaction名词,满足,满意;
satisfy动词satisfysb使某人满意Myanswerdidn’tsatisfyher.
satisfied形容词,满意的besatisfiedwith对⋯满意Iamsatisfiedwithyourgift.
theownerof的⋯主人:
Whoistheownerofthiscar?
attheageof⋯=whensbwas⋯yearsold
Icouldwriteattheageoffive.=IcouldwritewhenIwasfiveyearsold.
tryoutfor参加...的选拔Fiftyboyscametotryoutforthebasketballteam.
tryout试验Theyaretryingoutanewteachingmethod他.们正在试验新的教学方法。
goonajourney=goonatrip去旅行（journey指长途旅行,trip指短途旅行
4
travel指长时间,远距离的旅行,尤指出国旅行）
bebusywithsth=bebusydoingsth忙于干某事
打电话的表达:
callsb=ringsb=callsbup=ringsbup=givesbacall=phonesb
raise举起=putup:
raiseyourrighthand=putupyourrighthand
提高Don’traiseyourvoiceatme.养育Heraisedalargefamily.
todo不定式的用法:
18.宾语:
want/hope/decide/wish/like/plan/try/expecttodosth
19.宾语补足语:
want/wish/expect/help/asksbtodosth
20.主语:
Ittakessbsometimetodosth/It’s+adj+forsbtodosth/Toseeistobelieve.
21.表语:
一般在系动词的后面:
Toseeistobelieve.
22.状语:
目的状语:
Igetupearlytocatchtheearlybus.
23.原因状语:
I’mgladtoseeyou.
结果状语:
Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.
24.后置定语:
Thebestwaytorelaxisthroughexercise.
break过去式是broke过去分词broken,broken也可作形容词,损坏的,残缺的
writetosb=writealettertosb写信给某人hearfromsb=get/receivealetterfromsb
收到某人的来信thankyoufordoingsth=thanksfordoingsth谢谢你干某事
make/find/thinkit+adjforsbtodosth在这个结构中,it作形式宾语,真正的宾语
是todosth使干某事对于某人来说是⋯的/发现干某事对于某人来说是⋯的
/认为干某事对于某人来说是⋯的
IfinditdifficultformetolearnEnglishwell.
makea（big/great）differencetosb/sth对某人或某物产生了（巨大的）影响
Theaccidentmadeabigdifferencetohislife.
makenodifferencetosb/sth对某人或某物没有影响Itmadenodifferencetome.
imagine+n/代/doingsthIcan’timaginelivingwciltehaonutwater.
imagine+宾语从句Imaginethatyouareinspace.
difficulty:
具体的概念,困难,难题,难事,可数名词,复数difficulties
抽象的困难,不可数:
havedifficulty（in）doingsth
train:
名词,火车
动词,培训,训练trainsb/sthtodosth
训练某人或某物干某事trainsb/sthin在⋯方面训练某人
training名词培训,训练
5
sendsbsth=sendsthtosb把⋯寄给/送给某人
beinterestedin=takeaninterestin对⋯感兴趣（interest作为名词,可数,复数
interests）
擅长dowellin=begoodat=bestronginworkoutfine效果显著
Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?
dothedishes洗碗sweepthefloor扫地takeouttherubbish倒垃圾makethebed整理床铺foldtheclothes叠衣服cleanthelivingroom打扫客厅
getaride搭便车givesbaride让某人搭便车stayoutlate深夜不归gooutfordinner外出吃饭takeout拿出,取出workon从事
finishdoingsth完成干某事anyminutenow=anymomentnow=anytime
now随时,马上solvetheproblem解决问题answerthequestion回答问题
comeover过来,顺便来访as+adj/advaspossible尽可能⋯.
allthetime一直,频繁,反复insurprise吃惊地,好奇地hangout闲逛
lookthrough浏览pickup捡起,开车接某人takeanactivepartin积极参加
playapart（role）in（doing）sth参与到做某事
提出礼貌请求的句型:
Couldyou（please）dosth?
肯定回答:
Yes,sure./Certainly/Ofcourseproblem/Allright/OK等。
否定回答:
No,Ican’t./Sorry,Ican’t./I’m等afraidIcan’t
否定结构是:
Couldyoupleasenotdosth?
请求对方许可的句型:
CouldI/wedosth?
（不用Please）肯定答:
Yes,youcan.否定
答:
No,youcan’t.
twohoursofTVisenough时间,距离,金钱,度量作主语,常看作一个整体,谓语动词
用三单形式如:
Twentyyearsisalongtime.
beangrywithsb生某人的气
beangryat/aboutsth因某事而生气
throw扔,掷,动词,过去式是threw
throwdown扔下
throwat向⋯扔（有恶意）
throwsthtosb=throwsbsth扔给某人某物
throwaway扔掉throwabout到处乱扔Don’tthrowaboutrubbish.
theminute=themoment=assoonas一⋯就⋯.,引导时间状语从句,注意“主将从
现”
Iwillmeethertheminuteshegetsofftheplane.
6
Pleasecallmeassoonasyouarrivethere.
as+形容词或副词原级+as和..一样notas⋯as/notso不⋯如a,不s及
Englishisasimportantasmath.英语和数学一样重要Englishisnotasimportantas
math.英语不如数学重要
neither两者都不,是both反义词,作为代词,常和介词of连用,neitherof后面的名
词常为复数,但谓语动词用三单形式（在一些非正式的情况下,也会用复数）
NeitheroftheparentsknowsEnglish.
neitherAnorB既不⋯也不⋯连接两个名词做主语,就近原则:
NeitherhenorIamright.适用就近原则的有:
NeitherAnorB;eitherAorB;NotonlyAbutalsoB
BothAandB连接两个名词作主语,谓语用复数。
neither+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主:
A不⋯,B也不（前面一种否定情况同
样适用于后者）
Janedoesn’tl
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