高中英语定语从句详解(绝对经典课件)[1].ppt

高中英语定语从句详解(绝对经典课件)[1].ppt

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TheAttributiveClauseWhichoneisHarryPorter?

TheboyisHarryPorterWhichoneisHarryPorter?

Theboy_isHarryPorter.whoiswearingglasses定语从句定语从句一、概念一、概念:

在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.（在句子中作在句子中作定语定语）（Attributiveclause）HarryPorterisasmartboy.HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰boy,叫做叫做定语从句定语从句HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when，why二、用法二、用法:

Thesearethetreeswhich/thatwereplantedlastyear.先先行行词词是是人人关系代词关系代词:

whowhomwhosethatwhich先行词是先行词是物物Thesearethestudentswho/thatwonthefirstplacelastyear.引导定语从句的关系代词引导定语从句的关系代词Haveatry指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：

指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：

1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.（）2.Thegirl（whom）ImetisLucy.（）3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.（）4.Ilikethebook（which）youboughtyesterday.（）主语宾语定语宾语1.who,whom,whose,that用法区别用法区别.who作定语从句的作定语从句的主语主语或或宾语宾语.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解分解作主语作主语whom作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解分解作宾语作宾语that可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语主语和和宾语宾语.Thewoman（whom/that）theywantedtovisitisateacher.可省略可省略Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.whose作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语（whose既可以指人，也可以指物既可以指人，也可以指物）.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirlsmotherisateacher.作定语作定语Ihaveabookwhosecoverisyellow.2.which,that的的用法用法which作定语从句的作定语从句的主语主语或或宾语宾语.Ilikethebook（which/that）youboughtyesterday.Thisisatruckwhich/thatismadeinChina.作主语作主语作宾语作宾语可省略可省略3.只能用只能用that的情况的情况序数词序数词或或形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰先行词时修饰先行词时TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等等不定代词不定代词作先行作先行词时词时Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.先行词被先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。

等修饰时。

Ivereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.先行词被先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。

修饰时。

Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.主句已有主句已有who或或which时时Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?

WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday.当先行词同时指当先行词同时指人人和和物物时时Iveneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.4.关系代词前有介词时关系代词前有介词时（介词提前介词提前）.指指人只用人只用whom,指物只用指物只用whichThisistheboywithwhomhetalked.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.主语主语宾语宾语定语定语指人指人whothatwhom（优先）（优先）whothatwhose（ofwhom）指物指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose（ofwhich）指人和物指人和物thatthatwhose

（一）引导定语从句的关系代词

（一）引导定语从句的关系代词19when,where,why关系副词关系副词先行词先行词在从句中的成分在从句中的成分when时间时间时间时间状语状语where地点地点地点地点状语状语whyreason原因原因状语状语

（二）引导定语从句的关系副词

（二）引导定语从句的关系副词1.ThisistheplacewhereIwasborn.2.IrememberthedaywhenIfirstmethim.3.Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyouliedtome?

关系副词关系副词When=on（in,during）whichwhere=on（in,infrontof）whichWhy=forwhich（三）关系副词（三）关系副词与与介词介词+关系代词关系代词的替代的替代22whenwhen可用可用in/on/at/during+which代替代替1.Istillremembertheday.2.Ifirstmethimontheday.IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstmethim.whenwhich23wherewhere可用in/on/at/to+which代替1.Thedictionaryistheonlyplace.2.Successcomesbeforeworkinthedictionary.Thedictionaryistheonlyplaceinwhichsuccesscomesbeforework.wherewhich.24ABC1.Americaisthecountry.2.Iwasborninthecountry.AmericaisthecountryinwhichIwasborn.which.whereBBCBeijingisthecityinwhichIwasborn.where=AmericanbornChinese=BeijingbornChinese25whywhy可用可用for+which代替代替1.Thisisthereason.2.Iwaslateforschoolforthisreason.ThisisthereasonforwhichIwaslateforschool.whywhich.26关系关系代词代词和关系和关系副词副词的区别的区别关系关系代词代词在定语从句中在定语从句中作主语、宾语作主语、宾语关系关系副词副词在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语如何选用定语从句的关系词如何选用定语从句的关系词1.首先分清主句和定语从句首先分清主句和定语从句2.确定定语从句的先行词确定定语从句的先行词3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）宾语，定语或状语）4.若先行词在从句中做若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定主语、宾语或定语语则选择则选择关系代词关系代词，若在从句中做，若在从句中做状语状语，则选择则选择关系副词关系副词。

由由WhoWho引导的定语从句，在句中做主语引导的定语从句，在句中做主语宾语宾语1、Doyouknowtheman_istalkingwithyourfather?

A.whoseB.whoC.which2、Theboys_theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who3、Those_wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom4.Thegentleman_youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whom5.Thedoctor_youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which6.Theteacherfor_youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that由由WhomWhom引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语介词提前时只能用介词提前时只能用whom7.Achild_parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whose8.Thisbookisforthestudents_native（本国的本国的）languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose9.Theboy_compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.that由由WhoseWhose引导的定语从句引导的定语从句,在句中做定语在句中做定语10、Hepreferstoeattherice_inthesouth.A.whoisgrownB.whichisgrownC.wheni