高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测十七阅读理解推理判断类之观点态度.docx
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高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测十七阅读理解推理判断类之观点态度
年高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测十七阅读理解推理判断类之观点态度题
（xx·南通市高三第一次调研测试）MichaelHerr,whohasdiedaged76,wastheauthorofDispatches（1977）,thebestbookabouttheVietnamWar.Herralsomadevitalcontributionstotwoofthebestfilmsonthewar,ApocalypseNowandFullMetalJacket.
IttookHerreightyearstowriteDispatches,inpartbecausehewenthomefromSaigonwithabadcaseofstressdisorder.HehadgonetoVietnamasacorrespondentforEsquiremagazine.AnAmericangeneralaskedhimwhetherhewastheretowriteaboutmilitaryfashion,andanotherwhetherhewastheretowritehumour.No,hetoldthem.HewrotelittleforEsquire,buttookadvantageoftheUSgovernment'sdecisiontoallowcorrespondentsextraordinaryaccesstogotowarwiththesoldiers.Hesharedtheirdisfortsandtheirfears,witnessedtheirdeathandrecordedtheirlanguage.
Hisownlanguage,astreamofconsciousnesspulsingwithenergy,butmasterfullycontrolled,capturedthefearandthehorror,butalsotheexcitement,ofthewarinthejungleandpaddyfields.“Somuchbeauty”，herecalled,“andsomuchpleasure”.Herecordedwithaconnoisseur'sexpertise（行家专长）suchdetailsasthemanywaysinwhichsoldierswouldwisheachothergoodluck,andthedegreesofmadnessthatwereconsideredacceptable.
Heidentifiedwiththeyoungsoldiersandlearnedinthefirstfewdaysthatyoucouldnotaffectneutrality（中立）.“If_you_are_neutral,_you_don't_get_it，”saidhe.Hegenerallydidnotcarryaweapon,thoughonoccasionhedidfireatVietnameseinemergencies.Theyoungsoldiers,hesaid,“aremyguns”．
Thepowerofthebook,perhaps,esfromHerr'sinsistenceondescribingthewar,ormorepreciselyhisownresponsestoit,ratherthanprotesting（抗议）againstit.Italsoesfromtheceaselessacpanimentoftwoelements,drugsandmusic—moreparticularlyrockmusic,andespeciallythemusicofJimiHendrix.Herrhimselfspentdrug fuelledweekendsinaflatinSaigon,staringatanancientFrenchmapofIndochina,andhenevercaughtahelicopterwithoutaHendrixrecord.
HemetsoldierswithaleftpocketfullofDexedrine,the“upper”officiallyadministeredbythearmytogetthemintobattle,andarightpocketfullof“downers”togetthemthroughit.Dispatchesdidnoteoutuntil1977,whenthecountrywasbeginningtokeepitsmindonotherproblems,butitdidmore,perhaps,thananyotherbooktofreezeanimageofdespairandasenseofwasteaboutthewar,ratherasthetrenchpoetsof1914－1918didinBritain.
HerralsomadevitalcontributionstotwoofthemostinfluentialVietnamfilms.HewroteMartinSheen'svoice overforFrancisFordCoppola'sApocalypseNowandlaterwrotethescreenplayforStanleyKubrick'sFullMetalJacket.Hiswork,inthebookandthetwofilms,hasbeenseenaspartoftheprocesswherebytheUScametoseeitselfanditshistorynolongermerelythroughtraditionalliterature,butinsoundsandimages,inwaysthatprefigured（预示）theInternet.
In1980HerrmovedtoLondon,wherehestayeduntilhemovedbacktotheUSin1991.ItwastherethathemetStanleyKubrick,whobecameaclosefriend,thoughHerrwarnedagainstdoingbusinesswithhim.HerrwroteKubrick'sbiography,buthewrotesurprisinglylittleelseafterDispatches.
1．WhydidMichaelHerrgotoVietnamduringthewaryears?
A．Tojointhesoldiersinmilitaryactions.
B．Toreportmilitaryactionsandadvances.
C．Togiveanauthenticaccountofthewar.
D．Towriteaboutmilitaryfashionandhumour.
解析：
选C 细节理解题。
根据第二段中的“HehadgonetoVietnamasacorrespondentforEsquiremagazine.”“...allowcorrespondentsextraordinaryaccesstogotowarwiththesoldiers”和“Hesharedtheirdisfortsandtheirfears,witnessedtheirdeathandrecordedtheirlanguage.”可知，迈克尔·赫尔作为随军记者去了越南并真实地记录了这场战争中的点点滴滴。
2．WhatcanweinferfromMichaelHerr'sstatementunderlinedinParagraph4?
A．Itwasimpossibletoremainneutralduringthewar.
B．Itwasunnecessarytoshowpityforthewarvictims.
C．Neutralityisameanstokeepyousafeduringthewar.
D．Neutralitycanhelptheciviliansfreefromsufferings.
解析：
选A 句意理解题。
根据第四段第一句话中的“...youcouldnotaffectneutrality（中立）”可知，迈克尔·赫尔认识到在战场上是没有中立的立场的，再结合画线句的字面含义可知，此处指的是在战争中保持中立是不可能的。
3．WhichofthefollowingaboutDispatchesisTRUE?
A．ItfullydescribesHerr'sprotestagainstthewar.
B．Itslanguageiscasuallyselectedandorganized.
C．Musicanddrugsgivetheauthorinspiration.
D．IttrulyreflectsHerr'sresponsestothewar.
解析：
选D 细节理解题。
根据第五段的第一句可知，这本书真实地反映了迈克尔·赫尔对战争的看法。
4．USsoldiersbroughtdrugswiththemduringthewarmostprobablybecause________.
A．theywereaddictedtodrugs
B．theysufferedstressdisorder
C．theyusedthemtocurethewounds
D．theyexchangedthemformusicrecords
解析：
选B 推理判断题。
根据第六段第一句可知，士兵们上战场会带中枢神经兴奋剂和镇静剂，由此可推知，B项正确。
★5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeHerr'sattitudetowardsthewar?
A．Supportive.B．Uninterested.
C．Disapproving.D．Neutral.
解析：
选C 观点态度题。
根据第六段最后一句话中的“...freezeanimageofdespairandasenseofwasteaboutthewar”可知，迈克尔·赫尔对战争是持反对态度的。
6．Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?
A．Herr'sworkofferedAmericansmorewaystoknowthemselves.
B．HerrstoppedwritingafterthebookDispatcheswaspublished.
C．Herrrejectedhisfriend'srequesttowriteabiographyforhim.
D．Herr'sworkplayedapositiveroleinthebirthoftheInternet.
解析：
选A 推理判断题。
根据倒数第二段中的“Hiswork,inthebookandthetwofilms,hasbeenseenaspartoftheprocesswherebytheUScametoseeitselfanditshistory...”可知，迈克尔·赫尔的作品让美国人增进了对自身的了解。
（xx·江苏省六市高三联考）Thereareendlessmotivationsforhumanbehaviour,fromthebasicdrivesforfoodtomoreplicatedones,suchassympathy,envyandanger.Butnoneoftheseexplainbehavioursthatwecallpulsions（强迫症）．Theyefromaneedthatisdesperateandtortured（折磨）.Theymaybringrelief,buttheybringlittleenjoyment,andwhileonepartofourbraindesperatelywishestostopthem,anotherisafraidofstopping.
Iusedtoviewpulsionsasforeignandalmostfrightening.Butinthecourseofmyresearch,twothingshappened.First,whenIgottoknowpeoplewhowerepulsive,theirbehaviourdidn'tseemunreasonableatall.Second,Irealizedthatalthoughpeoplewiththemostextremepulsionsseemlikeoutliers（另类人）,theanxietythatdrivesthemtothoseextremesisuniversal.
Overanyyear,manyofusfindourselvesinthecontrolofapulsionthatfallsshortofsomethingthatisdisablingenoughtoqualifyasamentaldisorder—infact,somepulsionsareadaptive,helpingusleadourlivesorperformourjobsmoreeffectively.
Likemanypeople,maybeyoufeelforcedtoreachforyoursmartphoneassoonasyouwakeupinthemorning.Fortunatelyagrowingnumberofexpertshavebeguntosucceedindistinguishingaddictionsfrompulsions.
Anaddictionbeginswithaflashofpleasureacpaniedwithdanger;it'sfuntogambleortodrink,anditalsoputsyouatrisk.Addictionsinvolveactingwithoutplanningoreventhought,drivenbyanurgeforimmediatesatisfaction.pulsions,incontrast,areallaboutavoidingunpleasantoutes.Theyarebehaviourswerepeatmanytimestorelievetheanxietybroughtonbythepossibilityofnegativeconsequences.Buttheactualbehaviourisoftenunpleasant—oratleastnotparticularlyrewarding,especiallyaftermanyroundsofit.
Behindeverypulsionistheneedtoavoidwhatcausesyoupainoranxiety.pulsivebehaviourisnotnecessarilyamentaldisorder.Someformsofitcanbe,andpeopleinitscontroldeservetobediagnosedandhelped.Butmanyareexpressionsofpsychologicalneedsweallfeel:
tobeatpeaceandincontrol,tofeelconnectedandtomatter.Andifthosearementalillnesses,we'reallcrazy.
语篇解读：
本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了有关强迫症的情况。
7.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,weknowthat________.
A．pulsionscanbringreliefaswellasenjoyment
B．pulsivepeoplewillpreferunreasonablebehaviour
C．pulsionsmaybeanunderstandableresponsetoanxiety
D．pulsivepeoplemustbefrighteningandbehavedifferently
解析：
选C 细节理解题。
通过前两段的内容，尤其是第二段可知，强迫症不是无法理解的，并且最后一句说那种驱使他们走向极端的担忧是很普遍的。
故选C。
8．Themaindifferencebetweenaddictionsandpulsionsliesin________.
A．humanrelationshipsB．financialrewards
C．internaldrivesD．socialexpectations
解析：
选C 推理判断题。
文章倒数第二段告诉我们，addiction和pulsion的区别就是内在的动机不同，如addiction是为了一时的快乐，而pulsion则是为了避免不好的结果。
因此选C。
★9.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardspulsion?
A．Objective.B．Negative.
C．Doubtful.D．Cautious.
解析：
选A 观点态度题。
通读全文可知，作者只是客观地讲述了强迫症的特点和影响，所以A项符合语境。
C
（xx·江苏省高考名校联考）Thenumberofwomentakingmaternityleave（产假）intheUnitedStateshasnotchangedoverthelasttwodecades,accordingtoanewstudy,evenasthenationaleconomyhasgrownandnewfamilyleavepolicieshavebeenimplementedinthreestates.
StudyauthorJayZagorskysayshebeganlookingintomaternityleaveratesaftertwoofhisniecesgavebirtharoundthesametimelastyear.“Onegotanamazingpackage—fullpayforafewmonths—andtheotherhadtocobble（拼凑）togethervacationandsicktime，”hesays.“Iwasastonished.”
“Ididalittleresearch,andtherewerenonumbers，”headded.“Thegovernmenttrackswhichemployersprovidematernityleave,butnoonehascalculatedhowmanypeopleareusingit.”Zagorskywastroubledtofindnoincreaseovertime,consideringresearchthatshowshowbeneficialitcanbe—forbothparentsandnewborns—tospendtimetogether.Givingmotherstimeofffromworktobondwithnewbabieshasbeenshowntoimprovethephysicalandmentalhealthofmothers,reducecesareandeliveries,saveinfants'livesandencouragebreastfeeding,thestudynotes.
Overthe22 yearstudy,theUSeconomygrewby66%,andthegrossdomesticproductrosefrom$9.9trillionto$16.4trillionayear.Duringthattime,Califo
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