高考英语一轮复习人教版 选修6Unit 3.docx
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高考英语一轮复习人教版选修6Unit3
三言
两语
1.Withtheimprovementofthelivingstandards,moreandmorepeople,especiallychildren,aresufferingfromobesity.
2.Stayinguptostudydoesharmtoyourbody.Inaddition/Besides,itwillaffectyourstudythefollowingdayforlackofenergy.
3.Abalanceddietandregularexercisecanhelpuskeephealthybothphysicallyandmentally.
1.在我看来,我们应当努力养成健康的饮食习惯以增强体质。
Inmyopinion,weshouldtrytodevelophealthyeatinghabitstobuildupourselves.
2.大多数人摄入的脂肪太多,而纤维不足,这对他们的健康很有害。
Themajorityofpeopletakeintoomuchfatandnotenoughfibre,whichdoesgreatharmtotheirhealth.
[单词 拼写应用]
核
心
单
词
1.stressn.压力;重音
vt.加压力于;使紧张
2.banvt.禁止;取缔
n.禁令;谴责
3.dueadj.欠款的;预定的;到期的
4.desperateadj.绝望的;拼命的
5.quitvt.停止(做某事);离开
6.badtemperedadj.脾气暴躁的;易怒的
7.toughadj.困难的;强硬的
8.unfitadj.不健康的;不合适的;不合格的
9.effectn.结果;效力;影响
10.illegaladj.不合法的;违法的
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Inthequestionnaire,thesubjectsarequestionedwhethertheyadvocatebanning(ban)carsinthecitycenter.
2.Themanquarreledwithhisbossaboutthepayandquitted(quit)thejob.
3.Themanhadsolittleeducationthathewasunfit(fit)forthisjob.
4.Thewomantrieddesperately(desperate)topushthemanawaywhenhetriedtosnatchthebagfromher.
5.(湖北卷)Astressful(stress)journeytoworkgetsyourbloodpressureclimbing.
拓
展
单
词
1.accustomvt.使习惯于→accustomedadj.惯常的;习惯了的
2.mentaladj.精神的;智力的→mentallyadv.精神上;智力上
3.breathn.呼吸→breathlessadj.气喘吁吁的;屏息的→breathev.呼吸
4.strengthn.力气;力量;强项→strengthenvt.加强;巩固;使坚强vi.变强
5.disappointvt.使失望;使扫兴→disappointedadj.失望的;沮丧的→disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointmentn.失望;沮丧
6.shamen.羞耻;羞愧→ashamedadj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shamefuladj.可耻的;不道德的→shamelessadj.无耻的;厚颜的
7.relaxv.使放松→relaxationn.放松;松弛→relaxedadj.轻松的→relaxingadj.使人放松的
8.weakadj.虚弱的→weakenvi.(对某事的决心)动摇;减弱vt.(使)变弱→weaknessn.弱点
9.judgen.裁判员;法官vt.断定;判断;判决→judgementn.看法;判决;判断
10.embarrassv.使尴尬;使局促不安;使困窘→embarrassedadj.尴尬的;陷入困境的→embarrassmentn.窘迫;难堪
11.addictvt.使上瘾n.有瘾的人→addictedadj.入了迷的;上了瘾的→addictionn.沉溺;嗜好→addictiveadj.使人上瘾的
12.survivev.幸存→survivaln.幸存→survivorn.幸存者
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Tom'sparentsareworriedthatheisaddictedtothecomputergameswhichareaddictivetochildren.(addict)
2.Yesterday,Iclimbedthemountaintoptobreathethefreshair.AlthoughIbecamebreathlesswhenIwasonthetop,thebreathoffreshairwasworthit.(breath)
3.Ifwestrengthenourphysicalexercise,wewillgetstrongerandarefullofstrengthalldaylong.(strong)
4.Tomyparents'disappointmentmydisappointingmathgradegreatlydisappointedmyparents,andtheirdisappointedlookurgedmetostudyharderthen.(disappoint)
5.Afterhearingsomerelaxingmusic,shefeltquiterelaxed,andtherewasarelaxedexpressiononherface.(relax)
6.Asweallknow,everyonehasbothstrengthsandweaknesses.Therefore,weshouldn'tlookdownuponwhoeverlooksweak.(weak)
7.Shesurvivedtheearthquakeandhersurvivalisawonder,forshewastheonlysurvivorfromherfamily.(survive)
阅
读
单
词
1.cigaretten.香烟;纸烟
2.withdrawaln.收回;撤退;戒毒(或脱瘾)过程
3.lungn.肺
4.pregnantadj.怀孕的
5.abnormaladj.畸形的;异常的
6.packetn.小包;小盒
7.comprehensionn.理解(力)
8.maleadj.男性的;雄性的
n.男人;雄性动(植)物
9.femaleadj.女性的;雌性的
n.雌性的动(植)物;女人
10.prejudicen.偏见;成见
11.abortionn流产;中途失败
12.awkwardadj.局促不安的;笨拙的
13.obesityn.(过度)肥胖;肥胖症
14.abusen.&vt.滥用;虐待
15.automaticadj.无意识的;自动的
JaneClark,fairhaired,blueeyedandtoughassteel,hasjustwonthemostdifficultraceintheworld.坚强的;坚韧的
[短语 多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.getinto陷入;染上(坏习惯)
2.throwaway扔掉
3.inspiteof不顾;不管
4.atrisk处境危险;遭受危险
5.decideon对……作出决定
[语境运用] (填入一个适当的词)
XiaoMingisaseniorhighstudent.Hegot①intosmokingtwoyearsago②inspiteofhisfriends'objection.Ifhedoesn'tdecide③onwhetherhewillthrow④awayhiscigarettes,hewillbe⑤atriskandbedismissedbytheschool.Hebeginstoworryaboutthat.
6.dueto由于……
7.be/becomeaddictedto对……有瘾
8.be/getaccustomedto习惯于……
9.feellike(doing)想要(做)……
10.takerisks(arisk)冒险
[语境运用] (填入一个适当的词)
Fortunately,hisEnglishteacherfoundthathereallyfelt⑥likequittingsmoking.Withhisteacher'shelp,hegraduallybecamelessaddicted⑦tonicotine.Afterthreemonths'struggle,XiaoMingfinallywas/gotaccustomed⑧tothenewlifewithoutcigarettes.
[句式 结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.find+it+宾语补足语+todo
Yourmothertellsmethatyoustartedsmokingsometimeagoandnowyouarefindingitdifficulttogiveitup.
两个人之间的误解使得他们很难交流。
Themisunderstandingbetweenthetwomadeitdifficultforthemtocommunicatewitheachother.
2.as+adj.+a/an+单数可数名词+as
IdohopesobecauseIwantyoutoliveaslongandhealthyalifeasIhave.
事实上,戒掉一个坏习惯付出的努力与养成一个好习惯是一样的。
Asamatteroffact,gettingridofabadhabitisasmuchaneffortasformingagoodone.
3.It'stimetodo...“该做某事了”
WhenIwastakenofftheschoolfootballteambecauseIwasunfit,Iknewitwastimetoquitsmoking.
关上电脑。
到你上床睡觉的时候了。
Switchoffthecomputer.It'stimeforyoutogotobed.
1.stressn.压力;重压;强调vt.着重;强调;重读
(1)lay/put/placestressonsth.把重点放在某事上;强调某事
understress在压力之下
underthestressof为……所迫
(2)stresstheimportanceof...强调……的重要性
(3)stressedadj.焦虑不安的,感到有压力的
stressfuladj.产生压力的;压力重的;紧张的
relievestress缓解压力
sufferfromstress有精神压力
emotional/mentalstress感情/思想负担
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(全国卷Ⅱ)Ifyoufeelstressed(stress)byresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentifythoseofgreaterandlessimportance.
b.(江苏卷)Itisalsoavirtuetoforgiveandforget,especiallyinsuchacompetitiveandstressful(stress)society.
②(牛津词典)Thingscaneasilygowrongwhenpeopleareunderstress.
[链接写作]——一句多译
老师经常强调勤奋在通往成功之路上的重要性。
①Teachersoftenstressedtheimportanceofdiligenceintheapproachtosuccess.(stressv.)
②Teachersoftenlaidstressondiligenceintheapproachtosuccess.(stressn.)
2.addictedadj.入了迷的;上了瘾的
(1)addictn.对(药物等)上瘾的人;瘾君子
vt.使……上瘾
addictoneselfto沉溺于……;醉心于……
(2)be/become/getaddictedto...沉迷于……;热爱……;迷上……
(3)addictiveadj.使人上瘾的
addictionn.瘾;入迷;嗜好
beaddictedtofootball迷上了足球
drug/Internetaddiction毒瘾/网瘾
afootball/videogameaddict足球迷/电子游戏迷
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.Addicted(addict)toplayingtheviolin,hedidn'tnoticeathiefwalkintohishouse.
b.Addicting(addict)himselftoplayingtheviolin,hedidn'tnoticeathiefwalkintohishouse.
②Teenagersaddicted(addict)totheInternetaremorelikelytosufferfromdepression.
③a.Hekickedhisthreepackadaycigarettehabit,andovercamehisaddiction(addict)toalcohol.
b.Youshouldstoptakingthismedicinebecauseitisaddictive(addict).
[链接写作]——一句多译
很多孩子沉迷于上网,以致他们对学业失去了兴趣。
①Manykidsbecome/are/getaddictedtosurfingtheNet,sotheyhavelostinterestintheirstudies.(addicted)
②ManykidsaddictthemselvestosurfingtheNet,sotheyhavelostinterestintheirstudies.(addict)
[名师点津] addicted,addiction常与介词to连用,后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
3.accustomedadj.习惯的;惯常的
(1)beaccustomedto(doing)sth.=beusedto(doing)sth.习惯于做某事(状态)
get/becomeaccustomedto(doing)sth.=get/becomeusedto(doing)sth.习惯于做某事(动作)
(2)accustomvt.使……习惯于
accustomoneselftosth.使自己习惯于做某事
slowlygrowaccustomedtothedark慢慢适应了黑暗
apersonaccustomedtohavingeighthours'sleepanight习惯每晚睡八个小时的人
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(牛津词典)Shewasapersonaccustomed(accustom)toeighthours'sleepatnight.
②(江苏卷)—Theyarequiet,aren'tthey?
—Yes.Theyareaccustomedtonottalking(talk)atmeals.
[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级
我习惯于生活在乡村,总是觉得生活在城里很困难。
(普通表达)Iamaccustomedtoliving/accustommyselftolivinginthecountryside,andIalwaysfindithardtoliveinthecity.
(高级表达)Accustomedtolivinginthecountryside,Ialwaysfindithardtoliveinthecity.(过去分词短语作状语)
(高级表达)Accustomingmyselftolivinginthecountryside,Ialwaysfindithardtoliveinthecity.(现在分词短语作状语)
4.effectn.结果;效力
(1)haveaneffecton/upon对……有影响
bring/carry/put...intoeffect实施;使生效
come/gointoeffect开始生效;开始实施
takeeffect生效;开始实施
(2)effectiveadj.有效的
causeandeffect因果
sideeffect副作用
takeeffectivesteps采取有效措施
haveagreateffectonhundredsofplantsaroundtheworld对世界上数百种植物物种产生重大影响
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunityasamethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedsideeffects(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease.
②a.Thenewlawwillcomeintoeffectin2022;surelyitwillhaveaneffectontheindustryofthecountry.
b.Itwon'tbeeasytoputthechangesintoeffect,sowemustmakeeveryefforttodoit.
③(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysitismoreeffective(effect)atlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.
[链接写作]——词汇升级/句式升级
(普通表达)Smokingisbadforyourhealth,soyou'dbettergiveitup.
(高级表达)Smokingaffects/hasabadeffectonyourhealth,soyou'dbettergiveitup.
(高级表达)You'dbettergiveupsmoking,whichaffects/hasabadeffectonyourhealth.(非限制性定语从句)
5.dueto由于;因……而造成
beduetosb.应付给某人;应归于某人
beduetodosth.预定/预期做某事
thewagesduetohim应付给他的工资
duetoglobalwarming由于全球变暖
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(北京卷)Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetotheheavysnow.
②Anymoneythatisduetoyouwillbepaidbeforetheendofthemonth.
③a.TheEnglishversionofthenovelisduetobepublished(publish)nextyear.
b.Thebusshouldhavearrivedat5p.m.,butitarrivedonehourlateduetobeingheld(hold)upbytheheavyfog.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)BecauseofmyEnglishteacher'shelp,myEnglishscoresarealwaysonthetopofmyclass.(陕西卷)
(高级表达)Dueto/ThankstomyEnglishteacher'shelp,myEnglishscoresarealwaysonthetopofmyclass.
[名师点津] 当due意为“由于;因……造成;应给予”时,后接tosb./sth.,其中的to是介词,并且在句中常常作表语或状语;当dueto意为“预定/预期”时,后常接不定式。
6.inspiteof不顾;不管
(1)despite=inspite