雅思语法.ppt

雅思语法.ppt

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英语语法学习GrammarForIELTSGrammarForIELTSn没有语法基础

（1）阅读中读不懂长难句

（2）听力中听不懂长难句（3）口语中讲不出有高水平语法结构的话（4）写作中只懂写简单句，不懂复合句或长难句雅思阅读雅思阅读并列句定语从句状语从句名词性从句IELTS6TOTAL102111104165IELTS7TOTAL9911294101雅思写作雅思写作并列句定语从句状语从句名词性从句（主宾表同）200915873620081791039Grammar&vocabularyGrammar无规矩不成方圆Vocabulary巧妇难为无米之炊nReadingWritingnListeningSpeaking语法的主流趋势请发email给我喂狗喝水我流口水了点燃希望你不要骗我EmailmepleaseWaterthedogMymouthiswateringlightupthedarknessDontClintonme.动词化动词化语法无绝对，词性无绝对语法学习要建立语境意识我要喝点东西。

Iwantadrink.awater,abeer,acoffee创新是必须的。

Innovationisamust.语法在语法在“进化进化”语法的主流趋势1.句子成分：

句子成分：

主谓宾主谓宾+定状补定状补2.简单句：

五大基本句型简单句：

五大基本句型3.并列句并列句4.复合句：

复合句：

宾语从句，定语从句，状语从句5.动词四类和五大基本时态动词四类和五大基本时态第一讲第一讲主要句子成分主要句子成分主谓宾主谓宾S+V+On我爱你。

nIloveyou.nIloveyou.nSubject（主语）+Verb（谓语）+Object（宾语）n主语n主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

n但在therebe结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

nExercise:

找出下列句子的主语nDuringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.nWeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.nOne-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.nSmokingdoesharmtothehealth.nTherichshouldhelpthepoor.nTherearemanychildreninthegarden.nWhocares?

nnToswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.nItisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.nToswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.todo做主语打招呼很容易Tosayhelloiseasy.todo做主语，常用it做形式主语。

Itiseasytosayhello.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.nWhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.nWhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.n句子做主语=主语从句nThatheisstillaliveisawonder.nWhethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.nHowthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.nWhatweneedismoney.n形式主语代主语从句nItisn写作口语万能句型nItiseasytodoA,butyoullfinditdifficulttodoB.n恋爱容易，婚姻不易，且行且珍惜。

n生存容易，生活不易，且行且珍惜。

n学习容易，学懂不易，且行且珍惜。

nBeinginloveiseasy,beingmarriedisnot.Itistobecherished.-BBCn谓语-说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。

n找出下面句子的谓语nHedrinksmilkeverymorning.nYoujump,Ijump.nYoumaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.nHehascaughtabadcold.nWearestudents.谓语可以是n行为动词n情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形n系动词如am,is,are及物动词，直接跟宾语，如eat,drink,know,play,watch不及物动词，可以不直接跟宾语，如jump,sit,stand,think,sleep,wait,die,fight,run,live谓语动词单一性原则谓语动词单一性原则：

在一个句子中，有且：

在一个句子中，有且只有一个只有一个谓语动词谓语动词nIamastudentstudyeconomics.（）nIamastudentstudyingeconomics（）非谓语动词非谓语动词：

现在分词现在分词V-ing过去分词过去分词V-ed（P.P.）不定式不定式todon宾语n表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。

nExercise:

找出下列句子的宾语nTheywenttoseeanexhibitionyesterday.nTheheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.nHowmanydictionariesdoyouhave?

Ihavefive.nTheyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.nHepretendednottoseeme.nIenjoylisteningtopopularmusic.nIthink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.名词代词数词名词化形容词不定式短语动名词短语宾语从句n句子做宾语=宾语从句nTheboybelievesme.nTheboybelievesthathewilltravelthroughspacetootherplanets.nIwonderwhether（if）theywillcometoourparty.nNoneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.n将下列简单句改成宾语从句n1.HehasgonetoHunan.Iforgotthat_.n2.Shesaid,“Theyarewaitingforabus.Shesaidthat_.n3.Whosebagisit?

Doyouknow_.n4.Whatwillyoudo?

Heasked_.n5.Whoteachesyoumaths?

Heaskedme_.n6.Ihaveseenhim.Iremembedthat_.n完成句子n1.Iwantedtoknow_（她在和谁交谈）n2Hesaid_（他以前见过我）n3Imsorryfor_（我所做的事）hehadgonetoHunan.theywerewaitingforabus.whosebagitis?

whatyouwoulddo.whotaughtmemaths.Ihadseenhim.whomshewastalkingwithhehadseenmebeforewhatIhavedonen4Theteacherasked_（谁能回答这个问题）n5Janesaidthat_（她将乘飞机去那里）n6Iwantedtoknow_（她是否有一些钱）n7Wehaventdecided_（我们下一步该做什么）n8IthinkthatEnglishis_（没有数学难）n9Imnotsure_（明天天气是否晴朗）n10Heaskedme_（是如何处理这件事的）n11Doyouknow_（是否要下雨）n12Iwantedtoknow_（她是否来还是不来）whocouldanswerthequestionshewouldgotherebyplaneif/whethershehadanymoneywhatweshoulddonextnotsodifficultasmathswhethershewouldcomeornotifitisgoingtorainwhatIdidwiththematterif/whetheritwillbesunnytomorrown

（1）Lendmeyourdictionary,please.nS+Vt+O1+O2n双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）n

（2）Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.nS+Vt+O+C复合宾语（宾语+宾补）n找出下面句子的宾语补足语nHisfathernamedhimDongming.nTheypaintedtheirboatwhite.nLetthefreshairin.nYoumustntforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.nWesawherenteringtheroom.nWefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.nWewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.名词形容词副词不定式短语现在分词介词短语从句次要句子成分-定语定语：

修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。

定语可由以下等成分表示：

Guilinisabeautifulcity.（形容词）Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.（分词）Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.（名词）HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.（代词）Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.（不定式短语）Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.（动名词）HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.（介词短语）Thelastthingthatstudentswanttodoisperhapstotaketests.（定语从句）人人物物主语Who/thatWhich/that宾语Whom/who/thatWhich/that定语whoseWhose/ofwhich定语从句-关系代词n难点1nHeisthemanthatIcandependon.nHeisthemanonthatIcandepend.nHeisthemanonwhomIcandepend.介词+关系代词构成介宾短语时，只能用介词+which/whom,不能用介词+that/whowhichTheworldthatweliveinismadeupofworries.Theworldin_weliveismadeupofworries.n难点2常用thatn先行词被any,only,all,every,no,some,much,little,序数词，最高级，theonly修饰时用thatTheonlything_Icandoiswaiting.n我想指出的第一个原因是离婚率的不断提高nThefirstreasonthatIwouldliketopointoutistheeverincreasingdivorcerate.thatn难点3省略thatn关系代词在从句中作宾语可以省略，作主语时不可以nWhathappenedtotheOreos（that）Ileftinthecounter?

nAfarmerputsanadvertisementinthenewspaper:

“Ineedawifewhoownsatractor.Pl