英语高考英语阅读理解教育文化题20套带答案.docx

英语高考英语阅读理解教育文化题20套带答案.docx

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英语高考英语阅读理解教育文化题20套带答案

（英语）高考英语阅读理解（教育文化）题20套（带答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类

1．阅读理解

   Askanynewcollegegraduateabouthisimmediategoals,anditislikelythathewilltellyouhewantsajob.Butitturnsoutthattoday'sstudentsarenotgoingtobesatisfiedwithanyjob.Accordingtothelatestsurvey,makingadifferencethroughtheirworkisessential（必要的）toyoungpeople'shappiness.

   Thesurveyfoundthat72percentofgraduatingcollegeseniorsbelievebeingabletohaveapositivesocialinfluencethroughtheirworkisessentialtotheirhappiness.Makingadifferenceissoimportanttothemthat45percentsaytheywouldtakea15percentpaycuttoworkatanorganizationthathasasocialorenvironmentalinfluence,and58percentsaytheywouldtakeapaycuttoworkforanorganizationwhosevaluesarethesameastheirown.

   Besidesthis,thesurveyfoundthatfemalestudentsarefarmorelikelytoputsocialinfluenceinfirstplacethantheirmaleclassmates,echoingtheresultsofaformerstudyshowingthatfemalemathsandsciencemajorsaremorelikelytosaytheygointothosefieldstomakeadifference.

   Onereasonfortheemphasis（强调）onimprovingtheworldprobablyhastodowiththecultureofcolleges,whichencouragesstudentstoconnecttheirstudiesbacktoreal-worldproblems.Studentsareusedtodiscussingimportantsocialissues（问题）withtheirfriendsandprofessors,anddoingsomethingabouttheminclassorthroughvolunteeractivities.Oncestudentsdevelopthosehabits,theydon'tshutthemoffwhengraduationrollsaround.

（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"echoing"inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Learning.

B.Repeating.

C.Believing.

D.Creating.

（2）Whatisoneofthereasonsfortheemphasisonstudentswantingtoimprovetheworld?

A.Thehabitsstudentsdevelopinsociety.

B.Theappearanceofimportantsocialissues.

C.Theencouragementofthecultureofcolleges.

D.Theeffectparents'educationhasontheirchildren.

（3）Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?

A.Youngpeoplewillsurelygainhappinessiftheycanmakeadifferenceintheirwork.

B.Lessthanhalfofthecollegeseniorswilltakeapaycuttoworkwiththesamevalues.

C.Mostcollegegraduatesbelieveitimportanttohaveapositivesocialinfluenceinwork.

D.Femalegraduatesareallputtingmoresocialinfluenceinfirstplacethanmalegraduates.

（4）Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.FemaleStudentsAreConcernedaboutSociety

B.YoungPeople'sHappinessDoesn'tDependonMoney

C.GraduatesBecomeMoreInterestedinChallengingJobs

D.ManyGraduatesWouldTakeaPayCuttoMakeaDifference

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过工作能有一个积极的社会影响对年轻人的幸福至关重要。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“Besidesthis,thesurveyfoundthatfemalestudentsarefarmorelikelytoputsocialinfluenceinfirstplacethantheirmaleclassmates”除此之外，调查发现女生比男生更有可能把社会影响放在第一位；以及“theresultsofaformerstudyshowingthatfemalemathsandsciencemajorsaremorelikelytosaytheygointothosefieldstomakeadifference.”以前的一项研究结果显示，数学和科学专业女学生所占的比例更有可能说她们进入这些领域是为了有所作为，可以推断出两项调查的结果是一致的。

都说明了女性更愿意在工作中做出影响。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Onereasonfortheemphasis（强调）onimprovingtheworldprobablyhastodowiththecultureofcolleges,whichencouragesstudentstoconnecttheirstudiesbacktoreal-worldproblems.”强调改善世界的一个原因可能与大学文化有关，大学文化鼓励学生将他们的学习与现实世界的问题联系起来。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Thesurveyfoundthat72percentofgraduatingcollegeseniorsbelievebeingabletohaveapositivesocialinfluencethroughtheirworkisessentialtotheirhappiness.”调查发现，72%的大学毕业生认为通过工作产生积极的社会影响对他们的幸福至关重要。

可知，多数的毕业生都认可工作产生的社会影响对他们而言是重要的。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

通过第一段的调查结论得出：

通过工作产生积极的社会影响对他们的幸福至关重要。

所以，文章主要阐述年轻人的幸福取决于在工作中改变世界；再根据第二段中的“Makingadifferenceissoimportanttothemthat45percentsaytheywouldtakea15percentpaycuttoworkatanorganizationthathasasocialorenvironmentalinfluence,and58percentsaytheywouldtakeapaycuttoworkforanorganizationwhosevaluesarethesameastheirown.”对他们来说，改变世界是如此重要，以至于45%的人说他们愿意接受15%的减薪去为一个对社会或环境有影响的组织工作，58%的人说他们愿意接受减薪去一个与他们价值观相同的组织工作。

综上所述，选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Thenexttimeyouattendasocialfunctionorgotoaplacewherepeoplemeetandinteract,takenoteofthenumberofpeoplewhohaveadoptedthesamegesturesandposture---thewayyousitorstand--ofthepersonwithwhomtheyaretalking.This"carboncopying"isameansbywhichonepersontellstheotherthatheisinagreementwithhisideasandattitudes.Bythismethod,oneisnon-verbally（非语言的）sayingtotheother,"Asyoucansee,Ithinkthesameasyou,soIwillcopyyourpostureandgesture."

   Thisunconscious（无意识地）mimicryisquiteinterestingtoobserve.Take,forexample,thetwomenstandingatthehotelbar.Theyhavemirroredeachother'sgesturesanditisreasonabletoassumethattheyarediscussingatopicuponwhichtheyhavethesamethoughtsandfeelings.Ifonemanuncrosseshisarmsandlegsorstandsontheotherfoot,theotherwillfollow.Ifoneputshishandinhispockettheotherwillcopyandthismimicrywillcontinueforaslongasthetwomenareinagreement.

   Thiscopyingalsooccursamonggoodfriendsorpeopleofthesamesocialpositionanditiscommontoseemarriedcoupleswalk,stand,sitandmoveinverysimilarways.Peoplewhoarestrangers,however,tryhardtoavoidholdingmutual（相互的）positions.Thesignificanceofcarboncopyingcanbeoneofthemostimportantnon-verballessonswecanlearn,forthisisonewaythatotherstellusthattheyagreewithusorlikeus.Itisalsoawayforustotellothersthatwelikethem,bysimplycopyingtheirgestures.

   Ifanemployerwishestodevelopimmediatefriendlinessandcreatearelaxingatmospherewithanemployee,heneedstocopytheemployee'sposturetoachievetheend.Similarly,anup-and-comingemployeemaybeseencopyinghisboss'sgesturesinanattempttoshowagreement.Usingtheknowledge,itispossibletoinfluenceaface-to-faceencounterbycopyingthepositivegesturesandposturesoftheotherperson.Thishastheeffectofputtingtheotherpersoninareceptiveandrelaxedframeofmindandhecan"see"thatyouunderstandhispointofview.

（1）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A. CarbonCopying---ShowingAgreement        

B. DevelopingNon-verbalCommunication

C. HowtoavoidCarbonCopying                        D. ProperSocialBehavior

（2）Whatis"carboncopying"accordingtothepassage?

A. Toadoptidenticalgestureofothers.              

B. Torepeatwhatothershavesaid.

C. Toshowagreementwithothers.                     

D. Tomockothers.

（3）InwhichofthefollowinggroupsiscarboncopyingNOTfrequentlyseen?

A. Marriedcouples                                               

B. Peoplenotfamiliarwitheachother.

C. Goodfriends.                                                    

D. Peopleofthesamesocialposition.

（4）Whatshouldanemployerdotocreatedarelaxingatmosphereforanemployee?

A. Bepolite.                                                           B. Avoidcopyingtheemployee'sgesture.

C. Behelpful.                                                        

D. Copythegestureoftheemployee.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了"carboncopying（复制）"现象，是指一个人通过模仿另一个人的姿势和手势，来告诉另一个人自己赞同他的想法和态度。

同时列举这种现象经常发生的场所，以及如何利用这些知识来让对方处于一种接受和放松的心态，"看到"你理解他的观点。

（1）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“This‘carboncopying’isameansbywhichonepersontellstheotherthatheisinagreementwithhisideasandattitudes.”这种"复制"是指一个人告诉另一个人他同意他的想法和态度。

以及文章主要围绕"carboncopying"是通过模仿另一个人的姿势和手势来表达自己对他的赞同所展开的，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“This‘carboncopying’isameansbywhichonepersontellstheotherthatheisinagreementwithhisideasandattitudes.Bythismethod,oneisnon-verballysayingtotheother,‘Asyoucansee,Ithinkthesameasyou,soIwillcopyyourpostureandgesture.’"这种"复制"是指一个人告诉另一个人他同意他的想法和态度。

通过这种方法，一个人不用语言就能对另一个人说:

"你看，我和你想的一样，所以我会模仿你的姿势和手势。

"可知"carboncopying"是指采用和别人相同的手势。

故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”Peoplewhoarestrangers,however,tryhardtoavoidholdingmutualpositions.“然而，陌生人会尽量避免持有共同的立场。

可知彼此不熟悉的人们不常看到"复制"现象。

故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的”Ifanemployerwishestodevelopimmediatefriendlinessandcreatearelaxingatmospherewithanemployee,heneedstocopytheemployee'sposturetoachievetheend.“如果雇主希望与雇员建立直接的友好关系，营造轻松的氛围，他需要模仿雇员的姿势来达到目的。

可知雇主可以通过模仿雇员的动作，为雇员创造一个轻松的气氛。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Whenitcomestolearningaforeignlanguage,manypeoplewonderiftheywillbeabletomemorizeenoughvocabulary.Butthisquestionneverhappensabouttheirmothertongue,andyet,itwasaforeignlanguageonce.However,amongallthequestionsthatnewparentsask,nodoctorhaseverheard:

"Willmybabybeabletolearnmylanguage?

"Behonest,doyouknowallthewordsofyourmothertongue?

Theansweris:

"no".

   Newwords,andnewwaysofusingoldwords,appeareveryday.Twentyyearsago,whocouldhavebeenabletounderstandasentencelikethis:

"Clickheretodownloadyourdigitalbook."?

Nobody.Youneverstoplearningnewvocabularyandyouneverknowhowlongyouwillneedit.

   Sometimes,youhavethewordonthetipofyourtongue...anditsticksthere!

Butyoudoknowthisphenomenon（现象）anddon'tthinkthatitisbecauseofabadmemory.Youshouldnotgivethisphenomenonmoreimportanceinthelanguageyouarelearningthaninyourmothertongue.

   Youneedtolearnonly2000orsobasicwordstobeabletocreateanyphraseyouneed.Youcan'tavoidsomeworkinordertolearnthesenecessarywordsandallthemoreifyouwanttolearnquickly.Andbeforeyouconsiderbuyingintoanymethod,b