最新英语听力入门第二册第六单元备课讲稿.docx

最新英语听力入门第二册第六单元备课讲稿.docx

《最新英语听力入门第二册第六单元备课讲稿.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《最新英语听力入门第二册第六单元备课讲稿.docx（21页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

最新英语听力入门第二册第六单元备课讲稿

unit6

shapingandreshapingpersonality

objective:

Focusonthemajorpoints

difficulties:

technicalterms

keywords:

healthtips

tips提示,技巧smallbutusefulpieceofpracticaladvice

vocabulary:

cholesterol胆固醇[kə'lestərəul]

Awhite,crystallinesubstance,C27H45OH,foundinanimaltissuesandvariousfoods,thatisnormallysynthesizedbytheliverandisimportantasaconstituentofcellmembranesandaprecursortosteroidhormones.Itslevelinthebloodstreamcaninfluencethepathogenesisofcertainconditions,suchasthedevelopmentofatheroscleroticplaqueandcoronaryarterydisease.

胆固醇：

一种白色结晶体物质，C27H45OH，发现于动物细胞组织和多种食物中，一般由肝合成，作为细胞膜的组成部分是极为重要的，并且是类固醇荷尔蒙的前驱。

在血流中的程度能影响特种疾病的发病，如动脉粥样硬化病和冠状动脉疾病的发展

elongate['i:

lɔŋgeit]拉长,（使）伸长,延长makesth.longer

you’regoingtohearsomehealthtips

1.Teacontainsnaturalchemicals.Thesechemicalsblocktheactionofsomesubstancesproducedinthebodiesthatcausecancer.Teacontainsthesamesubstanceinfruitsandvegetables.Drinkingteacouldprotectpeople’shealth.

2.Cigarettesmokersofanyagereducetheirriskofdevelopinglungcancerwhentheystopsmoking.Itisnevertoolatetostopsmoking.

3.Walkinghasagoodeffectontheheartbecauseitreducesbloodpressure,bloodsugarandbloodcholesterollevel.Itisnevertoolatetostartexercising.

4.Vitaminsarenecessaryforgoodhealth.However,extremelylargeamountsofsomevitaminsmaycausehealthproblems.Itisfarbettertogetvitaminsfromeatingfresh,naturalfoodthanfromtakingvitaminpills.

5.Laughterisoneofthemostwonderfulreleases.Itreleasesthechemicalthatislife-enhancingandlife-elongating.Ithealswoundsandpromotesahealthierbeing.

B

Keywords:

aheartattack

chemical

alcohol酒精,酒

vocabulary

abdomen['æbdəmen]

腹,腹部=belly

partofthebodybelowthechest

serotonin[.serə'təunin]

n.5-羟色胺，血清素含于血液中的复合胺àn

5-羟色胺：

一种来源于色胺酸，尤见于脑、血清和胃粘膜等动物和人体组织的有机物，C10H12N2O，在血管收缩、刺激平滑肌、神经细胞间冲动传导以及周期性体内过程调节中起作用

Anorganiccompound,C10H12N2O,formedfromtryptophanandfoundinanimalandhumantissue,especiallythebrain,bloodserum,andgastricmucousmembranes,andactiveinvasoconstriction,stimulationofthesmoothmuscles,transmissionofimpulsesbetweennervecells,andregulationofcyclicbodyprocesses.

gastric['gæstrik]胃的，与胃有关或有联系的

Of,relatingto,orassociatedwiththestomach.

dehydrogenase[di:

'haidrədʒəneis]脱氢酶

n.Biochemistry（名词）【生物化学】

Anenzymethatcatalyzestheremovalandtransferofhydrogenfromasubstrateinanoxidation-reductionreaction.

脱氢酶：

一种酶，能在氧化还原反应过程中，对脱去作用物中的氢并转化氢起催化作用

TAPESCRITP

TheUnitedStatesgovernment’sOfficeofResearchonWomen’shealthisobservingitstenthanniversary.

Duringthosetenyearsithasmadeimportantdiscoveriesaboutdifferencesinthehealthofmenandwomen.

StudiesorganizedbytheOfficeofResearchonWomen’sHealthhaveshownthatdifferencesbetweenmenandwomencaninfluencemedicaltreatment.

Forexample,researcherslearnedthatmenandwomencanreactdifferentlytoaheartattack.Menusuallyhavechestpain.Butwomenmaynot.Instead,theymaysufferpainintheabdomen.Theyalsomayhavestomachsicknessandfeelverytired.Womenmaynotrecognizethattheyarehavingaheartattack.

Researchalsohasshownthatthebrainsofmenandwomenusethechemicalserotonindifferently.Serotoninhelpspreventtheconditionofcontinuedseveresadnesscalleddepression.Men’sbrainsuseserotoninmuchmoreeffectivelythanwomen’sbrainsdo.Thismayhelpexplainwhywomensufferdepressiontwoorthreetimesmoreoftenthanmendo.

Otherresearchshowsthatalcoholaffectsmenandwomendifferently.Menandwomeninoneexperimentdrankthesameamountofalcoholicdrinks.Thenresearchersmeasuredtheirbloodforalcohollevels.Thewomenhadhigherlevelsofalcoholintheirblood.Womenproducelessofsubstancecalledgastricalcoholdehydrogenase.Thiscausesthemtobreakdownalcoholmoreslowlythanman.

part2

spreadofviruses

viruses:

病毒

Anyofvarioussimplesubmicroscopicparasitesofplants,animals,andbacteriathatoftencausediseaseandthatconsistessentiallyofacoreofRNAorDNAsurroundedbyaproteincoat.Unabletoreplicatewithoutahostcell,virusesaretypicallynotconsideredlivingorganisms.

病毒:

各种动物、植物和细菌的简单亚微观寄生虫之一，常引起疾病，主要由核糖核酸或脱氧核糖酸的一个核组成，周围有蛋白质包围。

离开寄主细胞不能复制本身，病毒通常不被认作为是生物体

publicrestroom:

toilet,WC

infectiousdiseases传染病

cholera:

['kɔlərə]霍乱

anacuteintestinalinfectioncausedbyingestionofcontaminatedwaterorfood；

Anacuteinfectiousdiseaseofthesmallintestine,causedbythebacteriumVibriocholeraeandcharacterizedbyprofusewaterydiarrhea,vomiting,musclecramps,severedehydration,anddepletionofelectrolytes.

霍乱:

一种症状为大量水泻、呕吐、肌肉痉挛、严重脱水以及电解质缺失的小肠急性传染病，由霍乱弧菌引起

hepatitis:

[.hepə'taitis]肝炎

Inflammationoftheliver,causedbyinfectiousortoxicagentsandcharacterizedbyjaundice,fever,liverenlargement,andabdominalpain.

肝炎肝部发炎，由传染性或有毒性因素引起。

症状为黄疸、发烧、肝部肿大和腹疼

infection:

传染

Invasionbyandmultiplicationofpathogenicmicroorganismsinabodilypartortissue,whichmayproducesubsequenttissueinjuryandprogresstoovertdiseasethroughavarietyofcellularortoxicmechanisms.

传染致病微生物侵入人体的某部分或组织，并且不断繁殖，接着造成组织损坏，最后通过一系列细胞或中毒机制发展为显性症状

JudyDaly朱蒂（女子名）戴利（姓氏）

A.Beforeyoulistentothematerial,discussthefollowingquestions.

B.Listentothereport.Focusonthemajorpoints.Supplythemissinginformation.

Healthexpertssaywashingyourhandsreducesthespreadofvirusesandotherorganismsthatcausedisease.Thisadvicemaysoundsimple.Howeverexpertssayalotofpeopledonotfollowit.

Thefindingsofarecentstudy:

●Only67%ofAmericansquestionedwashtheirhandsafterusingpublicrestrooms.

●Americanmenarelesslikelythanwomentowashtheirhandsafterusingapublicrestroom.

Theimportanceofhandwashing:

reducingthespreadofinfectiousdiseases

Commoninfectionsspreadbyhand:

colds,influenza,throatandearinfections,foodpoisoning,cholera,hepatitis.

Measurestakentogetmorepeopletowashhands:

launchingapublicinformationcampaign

Thecorrectmethodofhandwashing:

washingwithsoapandhotwaterforatleast15seconds

Healthexpertssaywashinghandsreducesthespreadofvirusesandotherorganismsthatcausedisease.Thisadvicemaysoundsimple.Howeverexpertssayalotofpeopledonotfollowit.

ArecentstudyfoundthatmanyAmericansfailtowashtheirhandsafterusingpublictoilets.Morethan95percentAmericansquestionedsaidtheyalwayswashtheirhandsafterusingpublicrestrooms.However,thestudyfoundthatonly67percentofthemactuallydoso.ThestudyalsofoundthatAmericanmenarelesslikelythanwomentowashtheirhandsafterusingpublicrestroom.

TheAmericanSocietyforMicrobiologyannouncedthefindings.JudyDalyworksforthegroup.Sheadmitsthathandwashingmayseemanunusualsubjecttostudy.Butshesayshandwashingisaveryseriousissue.Expertssayhandwashingisthesimplestandmosteffectivewaytoreducethespreadofinfectiousdiseases.

Infectionscanspreadbytouchingsurfacesthathaveharmfulorganismsonthem.Shakinghandswithanotherpersonalsocanspreadinfection.Harmfulbacteriamayenteryourbodyifyoutouchyourmouth,noseoreyes.

Amongthemostcommoninfectionsspreadbyhandarecolds,influenza,andthroatandearinfections.Inaddition,millionsoffoodpoisoningcaseseachyearareblamedonpeoplewhopreparefoodwhodonotwashtheirhands.Moreseriousdiseaseslikecholeraandhepatitisarespreadthisway,too.

Manypatientsinhospitalsalsogetinfections.Somediefromthem.Thespreadofinfectionsoftenisblamedonhealthworkerswhodonotwashtheirhandsaftertreatingpatients.

TheAmericanSocietyofMicrobiologyhaslaunchedapublicinformationcampaigntogetmorepeopletowashtheirhands.Expertssayfollowingthecorrectmethodisimportant.Youshouldwashyourhandswithsoapandhotwaterforatleastfifteenseconds.

part3

depression:

忧愁，沮丧

①Anareathatissunkbelowitssurroundings;ahollow下陷处，坑比周围低的区域；洞，坑

②Theconditionoffeelingsadordespondent忧愁，沮丧,伤心，失望的样子

eg.Theactofdepressing.

萎靡不振使精神不振的行为

eg.Theconditionofbeingdepressed.

沮丧精神不振的情形

drugs:

药

Achemicalsubstance,suchasanarcoticorhallucinogen,thataffectsthecentralnervoussystem,causingchangesinbehaviorandoftenaddiction毒品一种化学物质，如麻醉剂或迷幻剂，能影响中枢神经系统，导致行为的改变并易吸食成瘾

psycho-therapy精神疗法,心理疗法

Thetreatmentofmentalandemotionaldisordersthroughtheuseofpsychologicaltechniquesdesignedtoencouragecommunicationofconflictsandinsightintoproblems,withthegoalbeingpersonalitygrowthandbehaviormodification.

精神疗法：

通过用于鼓励冲突间的交流和对问题的了解的心理技巧来医治精神和情感失调，其目的是帮助患者的人格成长和对其行为的修正

publiceducation

公共教育,学校教育（区别于家庭教育）

moderate:

适度的

①Beingwithinreasonablelimits;notexcessiveorextreme有节制的，适度的在合理的限制之内的；不过度或极端的

eg.amoderateprice适度的价格

②Notviolentorsubjecttoextremes;mildorcalm;temperate温和的，适中的不激烈或不易走极端的；温和的或冷静的；温和的

eg.amoderateclimate温和的气侯

③Ofmediumoraveragequantityorextent.

中等的中等的或一般的数量或范围的

④Oflimitedoraveragequality;mediocre.

平凡的，普通的有限的或一般的性质的；普通的

⑤Opposedtoradicalorextremeviewsormeasures,especiallyinpoliticsorreligion.

稳健的，不激进的反对激进的或极端的观点或措施的，尤指在政治或宗教上

key:

sad

temporary

long

mental

anyone

10

developing

80percent

drugs

effective

carefully

without

activity

minor

walking

30

four

improve

physical

traditional

hour

talking

doctors

Discussion

ways

problems

education

understand

partB

anger:

Astrongfeelingofdispleasu