cet4 model1.docx

cet4 model1.docx

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cet4model1

PartIWriting（30minutes）

　　Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealetter.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

　　给你的外国朋友写一封信，告诉他（她）你已经被美国的一所大学录取，但你苦恼的是自己的听力和口语水平不够，你想寻求他（她）对于如何提高听力和口语的建议。

PartIIReadingComprehension（skimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

　　Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

　　Forquestions1-7,mark

　　Y（forYES）ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

　　N（forNO）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

　　NG（forNOTGIVEN）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

　　Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

　　RobotCarstoDoBattleinDesertRace

　　When15competitorslinedupinNevadalastyearfortheU.S.DefenseDepartment'sfirstmillion-dollarrobotrace,hopeswerehigh.Thechallenge:

todriveavehiclewithoutahumandriverorremotecontrolsome150miles（241kilometers）throughtheMojaveDesert.

　　Butthosehopesquicklywentupinacloudofdustasmostrobotsbarelymanagedtogetoffthestartingline.Thebestperformer,amodifiedHumveebuiltbyengineersatPennsylvania'sCarnegieMellonUniversity,traveled7miles（11kilometers）beforebreakingdown.

　　Torobotdevotees（热爱者）,however,itwasamiinorhiccup.

　　Nosurprise,then,that43teamsshoweduptotryoutforthisyear'srace,dubbed（被称作）theGrandChallenge.Forthepastweek,teamsrangingfromgarageenthusiaststowell-fundeduniversityengineershavebeenfine-tuningtheirmachinesatqualifyingroundshereattheCaliforniaSpeedwayinFontana,California.（Watchtherobotsinactioninourexclusivevideo.）

　　Twenty-threefinalistswereannouncedThursdayforSaturday'sGrandChallenge.The175-mile（282-kilometer）coursestartsandfinishesinPrimm,Nevada.

　　Theracepromisestobeeventougherthanlastyear'srun.But18monthsisaneternityintheroboticsworld,andthetechnologyhasvastlyimproved.

　　OrganizersbelieveseveralteamshavearealshotoffinishingtheraceinlessthantenhourstoearnthegrandprizeoftwomillionU.S.dollars.

　　"Whenthefirstteamoutofthechute（斜道）—Mojavaton,asmallteamoutofColorado—madeitsuccessfullyaroundthe2.2-mile（3.5-kilometer）qualificationcourse,Iknewrightthereandthenthatwehadsomethingspecial,"saidRonKurjanowicz,thechiefofstaffforthePentagon'sDefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency（DARPA）,whichissponsoringtherace.

　　UnknownCourse

　　TheaimoftheGrandChallenge,DefenseDepartmentofficialssay,istospurdevelopmentofautonomousgroundvehiclesthatcanoperateindangerousenvironments,suchaswarzones,keepingsoldiersoutofharm'sway.

　　AU.S.Congressmandate（训令）requiresthatone-thirdofmilitarygroundvehiclesdrivethemselvesby2015,butthetechnologytomeetthatmandatedoesnotyetexist.

　　Sothegovernmentlookedtoenterprisingteamstodevelopthetechnologyfordriverlessvehicles,sweeteningitsofferwiththetwo-million-dollarpurse.

　　Noneofthe23teamsknowswhatliesaheadforthisyear'srace.DARPAwon'trevealtheexactrouteuntiltwohoursbeforethestartoftheraceonSaturday.

　　ButtheobstaclesontheFontanaqualificationcourse-includingasteel—enforcedtunnelthatwipesoutavehicle'sglobalpositioningsystem—aremadetoresembletherugged,real-lifeconditionsthatthevehicleswillhavetonavigate.

　　Thevehiclesusesensorssuchaslasers,cameras,andradartohelpthemavoidobstaclessuchasrocksandcliffs.Thecomputer'sbrainhastofigureouthowtoresolveunexpectedconflicts,likeabouldersittinginthemiddleoftheroad.

　　"ThinkaboutallthedecisionsthatyouandIhavetomakewhenwedrivefromourhousetothestore,"Kurjanowiczsaid."Thesevehicleshavetodothesamething,withoutadriver."

　　AmongthetopcontendersinSaturday'sraceisTerraMax,amassivetruckoriginallybuiltbytheWisconsin-basedOshkoshTruckCorporationfortheU.S.Marinecorps.

　　Inlastyear'srace,TerraMaxmanagedtogoonly1.2miles（2kilometers）.TeamleaderGarySchmiedelexpectstodomuchbetterthisyear.Hepointedtothenewall-wheelsteeringfeatureonthetruckasanimportantaddition.

　　"Wecanmovethislarge,15-ton（13.5-metricton）payloadvehicleinaturnthat'sequivalenttothatofaHumvee,"hesaid.

　　Ghostrider

　　TheresourcesofteamslikeTerraMaxorCarnegieMellonUniversity,whichhastwovehiclesintheracethisyear,areafarcryfromthoseofsomeoftheothercompetitors,includinginventors,electricians,andevenahighschoolteam.

　　Oneentry,fromaSouthernCaliforniateamofengineers,racers,andhot-rodders,iscalledItCameFromtheGarage.Ithasabeerkeg（小桶）stuckonthebackandanon-offswitchthatsays"brain."

　　"Mostoftheschoolsandorganizationswe'reupagainstarejustaccessorizingconventionalvehicles,"saidteamleaderChris"C.J."Pedersen,aformeractor."Our[vehicle]isacustom-built,21st-centuryhotrod...completewithhoodscoopandexhaustcomingofftheside."

　　AnthonyLevandowski,aroboticsbuilderfromBerkeley,California,isbackwithGhostrider,theonlymotorcyclerobotinthequalifications.Studdedwithsensorsandcomputers,ittoppled（翻倒）overafter3feet（1meter）inlastyear'srace.

　　Levandowski,whohadtopostponehisgraduatestudieswhenhecouldn'tfindafacultyadvisorwhobelieveditwouldbepossibletobuildthemotorcyclerobot,sayshisvehiclehassomedistinctadvantages.

"We'resmallerandgoalotmoreplaces,"hesaidwhiletinkeringwiththerobotbeforeanothertrialrun."We'realsoalotlessexpensive.Thisbikecostsasmuchasatireorawheelofsomeoftheseotherguys'machines."

　　SmartMoney

　　NeitherGhostridernorItCameFromtheGaragemadethefinalcutthisweek'squalifyingraces.

　　However,anothercrowd-pleaser,Cajunbot—ortheRagin'Cajun—aconvertedall-terrainvehicledevelopedbyateamfromtheUniversityofLouisianainLafayette,did.

　　ThesmartmoneyinSaturday'sracemaybeonStanley,aconvertedVolkswagenTouaregmadebyateamatCalifornia'sStanfordUniversity.Itwastheonlyvehiclethatdidn'thitanobstacleinthetrialruns.

　　Evenifnoneofthevehiclesfinishestheracethisyear,DARPA'sKurjanowiczsaid,theeventhassucceededingalvanizingroboticsdevelopersandpushingthecreationofnewtechnologies.

　　"ThebeautyoftheGrandChallengeisthatitdoesn'ttellpeoplehowtosolvetheproblem,"hesaid."Thecommunityhascomeupwithitsownelegantsolutions."

　　1.Thepassagemainlydescribestheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofrobotcarraces.

　　2.Lastyear'srobotraceinNevadawasagreatsuccess.

　　3.Itisasurprisethatupto43teamscameforthisyear'sracecalledtheGrandChallenge.

　　4.ThePentagon'sDefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency（DARPA）issponsoringtherace.

　　5.TheaimoftheGrandChallengeistospurdevelopmentofautonomousgroundvehicles.

　　6.GhostriderandItCameFromtheGaragebothmadethefinalcutatthisweek'squalifyingraces.

7.TerraMaxwillfinishtheraceandwinthegrandprizeoftwomillionU.S.dollars.

　　8.TheobstaclesontheFontanaqualificationcoursearemadetoresemblethe________________.

　　9.Theonlymotorcyclerobotinthequalificationsis________________.

　　10.Theonlyvehiclethatdidn'thitanobstacleinthetrialrunsis________________.

PartIVReadingComprehension（ReadinginDepth）（25minutes）

　　SectionA

　　Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinbankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

　　Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage

　　Asunflowerisasunflower.Amobilephoneisamobilephone.Butcanyou47thetwotodosomethingforyourlocal48?

　　Itmaywellbepossible.Whenyouhavefinishedwithyourmobilephoneyouwillbeableto49itinthegardenoraplantpotandwaitforittoflower.

　　50,abiodegradable（生物可降解的）mobilephonewasintroducedbyscientists.Itishopedthatthenewtypeofphonewillencourage51torecycle.

　　Scientistshavecomeupwithanewmaterialoverthelastfiveyears.Itlookslikeanyother52andcanbehardorsoft.andabletochangeshape.Overtimeitcanalsobreakdownintothesoilwithoutgivingoutanytoxic53.Britishresearchersusedthenewmaterialtodevelopaphonecoverthatcontainsasunflowerseed.Whenthisnewtypeofcoverturnsintowaste,it54nitrates（硝酸盐）.Thesefeedtheseedandhelptheflowergrow.

　　Engineershavedesignedasmall55windowtoholdtheseed.Theyhavemadesureitonlygrowswhenthephoneisthrownaway.

　　"We'veonlyputsunflowerseedsintothecoverssofar.Butweareworkingwithplant56tofindoutwhichflowerswouldperformbest.Maybewecouldputrosesinnexttime,"saidonescientist.

　　[A]Recently　　[B]consumers　　[C]chemicals　　[D]environment　　[E]combine

　　[F]transparent　　[G]buy　　[H]companion[I]experts　　[J]forms　　[K]bury

　　[L]paper　　[M]paper[N]plastic　　[O]Usually

　　SectionB

　　Directions:

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletter