cet4 model1.docx

1、cet4 model1Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:给你的外国朋友写一封信，告诉他(她)你已经被美国的一所大学录取，但你苦恼的是自己的听力和口语水平不够，你想寻求他(她)对于如何提高听力和口语的建议。Part II Reading Comprehension (ski

2、mming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts th

3、e information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Robot Cars to Do Battle in Desert RaceWhen 15 competitors lined up in Nevada last year for the U.S. Defense Depart

4、ments first million-dollar robot race, hopes were high. The challenge: to drive a vehicle without a human driver or remote control some 150 miles (241 kilometers) through the Mojave Desert.But those hopes quickly went up in a cloud of dust as most robots barely managed to get off the starting line.

5、The best performer, a modified Humvee built by engineers at Pennsylvanias Carnegie Mellon University, traveled 7 miles (11 kilometers) before breaking down.To robot devotees(热爱者), however, it was a miinor hiccup.No surprise, then, that 43 teams showed up to try out for this years race, dubbed(被称作) t

6、he Grand Challenge. For the past week, teams ranging from garage enthusiasts to well-funded university engineers have been fine-tuning their machines at qualifying rounds here at the California Speedway in Fontana, California. (Watch the robots in action in our exclusive video.)Twenty-three finalist

7、s were announced Thursday for Saturdays Grand Challenge. The 175-mile (282-kilometer) course starts and finishes in Primm, Nevada.The race promises to be even tougher than last years run. But 18 months is an eternity in the robotics world, and the technology has vastly improved.Organizers believe se

8、veral teams have a real shot of finishing the race in less than ten hours to earn the grand prize of two million U.S. dollars.When the first team out of the chute(斜道)Mojavaton, a small team out of Coloradomade it successfully around the 2.2-mile (3.5-kilometer) qualification course, I knew right the

9、re and then that we had something special, said Ron Kurjanowicz, the chief of staff for the Pentagons Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), which is sponsoring the race.Unknown CourseThe aim of the Grand Challenge, Defense Department officials say, is to spur development of autonomous g

10、round vehicles that can operate in dangerous environments, such as war zones, keeping soldiers out of harms way.A U.S. Congress mandate(训令)requires that one-third of military ground vehicles drive themselves by 2015, but the technology to meet that mandate does not yet exist.So the government looked

11、 to enterprising teams to develop the technology for driverless vehicles, sweetening its offer with the two-million-dollar purse.None of the 23 teams knows what lies ahead for this years race. DARPA wont reveal the exact route until two hours before the start of the race on Saturday.But the obstacle

12、s on the Fontana qualification course-including a steelenforced tunnel that wipes out a vehicles global positioning systemare made to resemble the rugged, real-life conditions that the vehicles will have to navigate.The vehicles use sensors such as lasers, cameras, and radar to help them avoid obsta

13、cles such as rocks and cliffs. The computers brain has to figure out how to resolve unexpected conflicts, like a boulder sitting in the middle of the road.Think about all the decisions that you and I have to make when we drive from our house to the store, Kurjanowicz said. These vehicles have to do

14、the same thing, without a driver.Among the top contenders in Saturdays race is TerraMax, a massive truck originally built by the Wisconsin-based Oshkosh Truck Corporation for the U.S. Marine corps.In last years race, TerraMax managed to go only 1.2 miles (2 kilometers). Team leader Gary Schmiedel ex

15、pects to do much better this year. He pointed to the new all-wheel steering feature on the truck as an important addition.We can move this large, 15-ton (13.5-metric ton) payload vehicle in a turn thats equivalent to that of a Humvee, he said.GhostriderThe resources of teams like TerraMax or Carnegi

16、e Mellon University, which has two vehicles in the race this year, are a far cry from those of some of the other competitors, including inventors, electricians, and even a high school team.One entry, from a Southern California team of engineers, racers, and hot-rodders, is called It Came From the Ga

17、rage. It has a beer keg(小桶)stuck on the back and an on-off switch that says brain.Most of the schools and organizations were up against are just accessorizing conventional vehicles, said team leader Chris C.J. Pedersen, a former actor. Our vehicle is a custom-built, 21st-century hot rod. complete wi

18、th hood scoop and exhaust coming off the side.Anthony Levandowski, a robotics builder from Berkeley, California, is back with Ghostrider, the only motorcycle robot in the qualifications. Studded with sensors and computers, it toppled (翻倒)over after 3 feet (1 meter) in last years race.Levandowski, wh

19、o had to postpone his graduate studies when he couldnt find a faculty advisor who believed it would be possible to build the motorcycle robot, says his vehicle has some distinct advantages.Were smaller and go a lot more places, he said while tinkering with the robot before another trial run. Were al

20、so a lot less expensive. This bike costs as much as a tire or a wheel of some of these other guys machines.Smart MoneyNeither Ghostrider nor It Came From the Garage made the final cut this weeks qualifying races.However, another crowd-pleaser, Cajunbotor the Ragin Cajuna converted all-terrain vehicl

21、e developed by a team from the University of Louisiana in Lafayette, did.The smart money in Saturdays race may be on Stanley, a converted Volkswagen Touareg made by a team at Californias Stanford University. It was the only vehicle that didnt hit an obstacle in the trial runs.Even if none of the veh

22、icles finishes the race this year, DARPAs Kurjanowicz said, the event has succeeded in galvanizing robotics developers and pushing the creation of new technologies.The beauty of the Grand Challenge is that it doesnt tell people how to solve the problem, he said. The community has come up with its ow

23、n elegant solutions.1. The passage mainly describes the advantages and disadvantages of robot car races.2. Last years robot race in Nevada was a great success.3. It is a surprise that up to 43 teams came for this years race called the Grand Challenge.4. The Pentagons Defense Advanced Research Projec

24、ts Agency(DARPA) is sponsoring the race.5. The aim of the Grand Challenge is to spur development of autonomous ground vehicles.6. Ghostrider and It Came From the Garage both made the final cut at this weeks qualifying races. 7. TerraMax will finish the race and win the grand prize of two million U.S

25、. dollars.8. The obstacles on the Fontana qualification course are made to resemble the _.9. The only motorcycle robot in the qualifications is _.10. The only vehicle that didnt hit an obstacle in the trial runs is _.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: I

26、n this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corr

27、esponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passageA sunflower is a sunflower. A mobile phone is a mobile phone. But can you 47 the two to do somethin

28、g for your local 48 ?It may well be possible. When you have finished with your mobile phone you will be able to 49 it in the garden or a plant pot and wait for it to flower.50 , a biodegradable (生物可降解的)mobile phone was introduced by scientists. It is hoped that the new type of phone will encourage 5

29、1 to recycle.Scientists have come up with a new material over the last five years. It looks like any other 52 and can be hard or soft. and able to change shape. Overtime it can also break down into the soil without giving out any toxic 53 . British researchers used the new material to develop a phon

30、e cover that contains a sunflower seed. When this new type of cover turns into waste, it 54 nitrates(硝酸盐). These feed the seed and help the flower grow.Engineers have designed a small 55 window to hold the seed. They have made sure it only grows when the phone is thrown away.Weve only put sunflower

31、seeds into the covers so far. But we are working with plant 56 to find out which flowers would perform best. Maybe we could put roses in next time, said one scientist.A RecentlyB consumersC chemicalsD environmentE combineF transparentG buyH companion I expertsJ formsK buryL paperM paper N plasticO UsuallySection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter