罗斯福首次就职演说.docx

罗斯福首次就职演说.docx

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罗斯福首次就职演说

罗斯福首次就职演说

　　让我们正视面前的严峻岁月，怀着举国一致给我们带来的热情和勇气，怀着寻求传统的、珍贵的道德观念的明确意识，怀着老老少少都能通过克尽职守而得到的问心无愧的满足。

　　罗斯福首次就职演说　　PresidentHoover,Mr.ChiefJustice,myfriends:

　　Thisisadayofnationalconsecration.AndIamcertainthatonthisdaymyfellowAmericansexpectthatonmyinductionintothePresidency,Iwilladdressthemwithacandorandadecisionwhichthepresentsituationofourpeopleimpels.

　　Thisispreeminentlythetimetospeakthetruth,thewholetruth,franklyandboldly.Norneedweshrinkfromhonestlyfacingconditionsinourcountrytoday.ThisgreatNationwillendure,asithasendured,willreviveandwillprosper.

　　So,firstofall,letmeassertmyfirmbeliefthattheonlythingwehavetofearisfearitself--nameless,unreasoning,unjustifiedterrorwhichparalyzesneededeffortstoconvertretreatintoadvance.Ineverydarkhourofournationallife,aleadershipoffranknessandofvigorhasmetwiththatunderstandingandsupportofthepeoplethemselveswhichisessentialtovictory.AndIamconvincedthatyouwillagaingivethatsupporttoleadershipinthesecriticaldays.

　　Insuchaspiritonmypartandonyourswefaceourcommondifficulties.Theyconcern,thankGod,onlymaterialthings.Valueshaveshrunktofantasticlevels;taxeshaverisen;ourabilitytopayhasfallen;governmentofallkindsisfacedbyseriouscurtailmentofincome;themeansofexchangearefrozeninthecurrentsoftrade;thewitheredleavesofindustrialenterpriselieoneveryside;farmersfindnomarketsfortheirproduce;andthesavingsofmanyyearsinthousandsoffamiliesaregone.Moreimportant,ahostofunemployedcitizensfacethegrimproblemofexistence,andanequallygreatnumbertoilwithlittlereturn.Onlyafoolishoptimistcandenythedarkrealitiesofthemoment.

　　Andyetourdistresscomesfromnofailureofsubstance.Wearestrickenbynoplagueoflocusts.Comparedwiththeperilswhichourforefathersconquered,becausetheybelievedandwerenotafraid,wehavestillmuchtobethankfulfor.Naturestilloffersherbountyandhumaneffortshavemultipliedit.Plent

　　yisatourdoorstep,butageneroususeofitlanguishesintheverysightofthesupply.

　　Primarily,thisisbecausetherulersoftheexchangeofmankind'sgoodshavefailed,throughtheirownstubbornnessandtheirownincompetence,haveadmittedtheirfailure,andhaveabdicated.Practicesoftheunscrupulousmoneychangersstandindictedinthecourtofpublicopinion,rejectedbytheheartsandmindsofmen.

　　True,theyhavetried.Buttheireffortshavebeencastinthepatternofanoutworntradition.Facedbyfailureofcredit,theyhaveproposedonlythelendingofmoremoney.Strippedofthelureofprofitbywhichtoinduceourpeopletofollowtheirfalseleadership,theyhaveresortedtoexhortations,pleadingtearfullyforrestoredconfidence.Theyonlyknowtherulesofagenerationofself-seekers.Theyhavenovision,andwhenthereisnovisionthepeopleperish.

　　Yes,themoneychangershavefledfromtheirhighseatsinthetempleofourcivilization.Wemaynowrestorethattempletotheancienttruths.Themeasureofthatrestorationliesintheextenttowhichweapplysocialvaluesmorenoblethanmeremonetaryprofit.

　　Happinessliesnotinthemerepossessionofmoney;itliesinthejoyofachievement,inthethrillofcreativeeffort.Thejoy,themoralstimulationofworknolongermustbeforgotteninthemadchaseofevanescentprofits.Thesedarkdays,myfriends,willbeworthalltheycostusiftheyteachusthatourtruedestinyisnottobeministereduntobuttoministertoourselves,toourfellowmen.

　　Recognitionofthatfalsityofmaterialwealthasthestandardofsuccessgoeshandinhandwiththeabandonmentofthefalsebeliefthatpublicofficeandhighpoliticalpositionaretobevaluedonlybythestandardsofprideofplaceandpersonalprofit;andtheremustbeanendtoaconductinbankingandinbusinesswhichtoooftenhasgiventoasacredtrustthelikenessofcallousandselfishwrongdoing.Smallwonderthatconfidencelanguishes,foritthrivesonlyonhonesty,onhonor,onthesacrednessofobligations,onfaithfulprotection,andonunselfishperformance;withoutthemitcannotlive.

　　Restorationcalls,however,notforchangesinethicsalone.ThisNationisaskingforaction,andactionnow.

　　Ourgreatestprimarytaskistoputpeopletowork.Thisisnounsolvableproblemifwefaceitwiselyandcourageously.ItcanbeaccomplishedinpartbydirectrecruitingbytheGovernmentitself,treatingthetaskaswewouldtreattheemergencyofawar,butatthesametime,throughthisemployment,accomplishinggreat--greatlyneededprojectstostimulateandreorganizetheuseofourgreatnaturalresources.

　　Handinhandwiththatwemustfranklyrecognizetheoverbalanceofpopulationinourindustrialcentersand,byengagingonanationalscaleinaredistribution,endeavortoprovideabetteruseofthelandforthosebestfittedfortheland.

　　Yes,thetaskcanbehelpedbydefiniteeffortstoraisethevaluesofagriculturalproducts,andwiththisthepowertopurchasetheoutputofourcities.Itcanbehelpedbypreventingrealisticallythetragedyofthegrowinglossthroughforeclosureofoursmallhomesandourfarms.ItcanbehelpedbyinsistencethattheFederal,theState,andthelocalgovernmentsactforthwithonthedemandthattheircostbedrasticallyreduced.Itcanbehelpedbytheunifyingofreliefactivitieswhichtodayareoftenscattered,uneconomical,unequal.Itcanbehelpedbynationalplanningforandsupervisionofallformsoftransportationandofcommunicationsandotherutilitiesthathaveadefinitelypubliccharacter.Therearemanywaysinwhichitcanbehelped,butitcanneverbehelpedbymerelytalkingaboutit.

　　Wemustact.Wemustactquickly.

　　Andfinally,inourprogresstowardsaresumptionofwork,werequiretwosafeguardsagainstareturnoftheevilsoftheoldorder.Theremustbeastrictsupervisionofallbankingandcreditsandinvestments.Theremustbeanendtospeculationwithotherpeople'smoney.Andtheremustbeprovisionforanadequatebutsoundcurrency.

　　These,myfriends,arethelinesofattack.IshallpresentlyurgeuponanewCongressinspecialsessiondetailedmeasuresfortheirfulfillment,andIshallseektheimmediateassistanceofthe48States.

　　Throughthisprogramofactionweaddressourselvestoputtingourownnationalhouseinorderandmakingincomebalanceoutgo.Ourinternationaltraderelations,thoughvastlyimportant,areinpointoftime,andnecessity,secondarytotheestablishmentofasoundnationaleconomy.Ifavor,asapracticalpolicy,theputtingoffirstthingsfirst.Ishallsparenoefforttorestoreworldtradebyinternationaleconomicreadjustment;buttheemergencyathomecannotwaitonthataccomplishment.

　　Thebasicthoughtthatguidesthesespecificmeansofnationalrecoveryisnotnationally--narrowlynationalistic.Itistheinsistence,asafirstconsideration,upontheinterdependenceofthevariouselementsinandpartsoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica--arecognitionoftheoldandpermanentlyimportantmanifestationoftheAmericanspiritofthepioneer.Itisthewaytorecovery.Itistheimmediateway.Itisthestrongestassurancethatrecoverywillendure.

　　Inthefieldofworldpolicy,IwoulddedicatethisNationtothepolicyofthegoodneighbor:

theneighborwhoresolutelyrespectshimselfand,becausehedoesso,respectstherightsofothers;theneighborwhorespectshisobligationsandrespectsthesanctityofhisagreementsinandwithaworldofneighbors.

　　IfIreadthetemperofourpeoplecorrectly,wenowrealize,aswehaveneverrealizedbefore,ourinterdependenceoneachother;thatwecannotmerelytake,butwemustgiveaswell;thatifwearetogoforward,wemustmoveasatrainedandloyalarmywillingtosacrificeforthegoodofacommondiscipline,becausewithoutsuchdisciplinenoprogresscanbemade,noleadershipbecomeseffective.

　　Weare,Iknow,readyandwillingtosubmitourlivesandourpropertytosuchdiscipline,becauseitmakespossiblealeadershipwhichaimsatthelargergood.This,Iproposetooffer,pledgingthatthelargerpurposeswillbinduponus,binduponusallasasacredobligationwithaunityofdutyhithertoevokedonlyintimesofarmedstrife.

　　Withthispledgetaken,Iassumeunhesitatinglytheleadershipofthisgreatarmyofourpeoplededicatedtoadisciplinedattackuponourcommonproblems.

　　Actioninthisimage,actiontothisendisfeasibleundertheformofgovernmentwhichwehaveinheritedfromourancestors.OurConstitutionissosimple,sopracticalthatitispossiblealwaystomeetextraordinaryneedsbychangesinemphasisandarrangementwithoutlossofessentialform.Thatiswhyourconstitutionalsystemhasproveditselfthemostsuperblyenduringpoliticalmechanismthemodernworldhaseverseen.

　　Ithasmeteverystressofvastexpansionofterritory,offoreignwars,ofbitterinternalstrife,ofworldrelations.Anditistobehopedthatthenormalbalanceofexecutiveandlegislativeauthoritymaybewhollyequal,whollyadequatetomeettheunprecedentedtaskbeforeus.Butitmaybethatanunprecedenteddemandandneedforundelayedactionmaycallfortemporarydeparturefromthatnormalbalanceofpublicprocedure.

　　Iampreparedundermyconstitutionaldutytorecommendthemeasuresthatastrickennationinthemidstofastrickenworldmayrequire.Thesemeasures,orsuchothermeasuresastheCongressmaybuildoutofitsexperienceandwisdom,Ishallseek,withinmyconstitutionalauthority,tobringtospeedyadoption.

　　But,intheevent