雅思阅读长难句的重点信息搜寻法.docx
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雅思阅读长难句的重点信息搜寻法
雅思阅读长难句的重点信息搜寻法
雅思阅读中的*以"篇幅长;单词多"著称，每篇*中都含有大量的长难句。
下面给大家带来了雅思阅读长难句的重点信息搜寻法，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧
雅思阅读长难句的重点信息搜寻法
1雅思阅读技巧--借用文中的"特殊符号"
雅思阅读中经常出现的特殊符号有破折号;引号;冒号;括号。
其中大多情况下两个破折号或两个逗号中间所夹杂的文字信息叫做"插入成分";插入成分就是解释说明前面的信息。
此外，冒号后面的内容也是起解释说明的作用。
如何利用这些特殊符号请看以下的例子：
雅思剑桥真题4（以下简称剑4）上72页C段第二小段第一句话为：
Sometimesitisslow：
vastbubblesofmagma-moltenrockfromthemantle-inchtowardsthesurface，coolingslowly，toshowthroughasgraniteextrusions（asonSkye，ortheGreatWhinSill，thelavadykesqueezedoutliketoothpastethatcarriespartofHadriansWallinnorthernEngland）.很多学生一看到文中出现了magma;mantle以及granite等词就开始有些晕。
其实如果大家可以看到"itisslow"后面出现了特殊符号"冒号"，那直接看冒号后面的信息就好了;而下文又出现了两个破折号解释前面。
如此一来，"vastbubblesofmagma"这4个词就成了这句话的重点内容了。
2雅思阅读技巧--连词来搜索关键信息
大家读到的阅读*中充满着大量的逻辑关系，比如递进关系，转折关系或比较关系。
其中大多数转折连词（but;however;nevertheless等）后面接续的都是重点，那么我们该如何利用这些连接词呢?
请看下面的一个例子：
剑9上97页A段第六行有一句话是这样的：
Museumsusedtolook-andsomestilldo-muchlikestorageroomsofobjectspackedtogetherinshowcases：
goodforscholarswhowantedtostudythesubtledifferencesindesign，butnotfortheordinaryvisitor，towhomitalllookedalike.这句话一共有42个单词，那么大的信息量到底哪些是重点呢?
借用上文说到的特殊符号冒号后面是关键信息这一说法，"showcases"后面出现了冒号，那么冒号前面的文字都可以不用看了。
如果再往下读，一个"but"转折连词就会出现在我们面前，而"towhomitalllookedalike"是一个非限定性定语从句，即使去掉，主句的意思和逻辑关系也不受影响。
这样一来，这句话最关键的信息就成了：
butnotfortheordinaryvisitor这6个单词了。
3雅思阅读技巧--使用宾语从句知识
如果一个句子中出现show;suggest;display;illustrate;indicate等意思为"表明"或"展示"的谓语动词的时候，它们后面都可以接宾语从句，而这些宾语从句大多数都比较重要。
如此一来，大家就不用太去纠结主句该怎么翻译了，而在考试的时候也没有那么多时间去逐字翻译。
例如：
剑桥雅思6的94页D段倒数第二句话：
InNorway，afteraninterventioncampaignwasintroducednationally，anevaluationofforty-twoschoolssuggestedthat，overatwo-yearperiod，bullyingwashalved.这句话虽然有一堆逗号，但是大家可以一点点往后推：
跳过InNorway这两个词，再跳过after引导的状语从句，就会发现后面出现"…suggestthat…"宾语从句，即后面是重点信息。
"overatwo-yearperiod"这个时间段不是重点，因此也可以直接跳过，然后大家会发现这句话就只剩下了"bullyingwashalved"这3个词了。
雅思阅读全真模考题:
淡水危机
Crisis!
FreshWater
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestion1-13whicharebasedonReadingPassagebelow.
A
AsinNewDelhiandPhoenix,policymakersworldwidewieldgreatpoweroverhowwaterresourcesaremanaged.Wiseuseofsuchpowerwillbecomeincreasinglyimportantastheyearsgobybecausetheworldsdemandforfreshwateriscurrentlyovertakingitsreadysupplyinmanyplaces,andthissituationshowsnosignofabating.
B
Thattheproblemiswell-knownmakesitnolessdisturbing:
todayoneoutofsixpeople,morethanabillion,sufferinadequateaccesstosafefreshwater.By2025,accordingtodatareleasedbytheUnitedNations,thefreshwaterresourcesofmorethanhalfthecountriesacrosstheglobewillundergoeitherstress—forexample,whenpeopleincreasinglydemandmorewaterthanisavailableorsafeforuse—oroutrightshortages.Bymidcenturyasmuchasthreequartersoftheearthspopulationcouldfacescarcitiesoffreshwater.
C
Scientistsexpectwaterscarcitytobecomemorecommoninlargepartbecausetheworldspopulationisrisingandmanypeoplearegettingricher（thusexpandingdemand）andbecauseglobalclimatechangeisexacerbatingaridityandreducingsupplyinmanyregions.Whatismore,manywatersourcesarethreatenedbyfaultywastedisposal,releasesofindustrialpollutants,fertilizerrunoffandcoastalinfluxesofsaltwaterintoaquifersasgroundwaterisdepleted.
D
Becauselackofaccesstowatercanleadtostarvation,disease,politicalinstabilityandevenarmedconflict,failuretotakeactioncanhavebroadandgraveconsequences.Fortunately,toagreatextent,thetechnologiesandpolicytoolsrequiredtoconserveexistingfreshwaterandtosecuremoreofitareknownamongwhichseveralseemparticularlyeffective.Whatisneedednowisaction.Governmentsandauthoritiesateverylevelhavetoformulateandexecuteconcreteplansforimplementingthepolitical,economicandtechnologicalmeasuresthatcanensurewatersecuritynowandinthecomingdecades.
E
Theworldswaterproblemsrequires,asastart,anunderstandingofhowmuchfreshwatereachpersonrequires,alongwithknowledgeofthefactorsthatimpedesupplyandincreasedemandindifferentpartsoftheworld.MalinFalkenmarkoftheStockholmInternationalWaterInstituteandotherexpertsestimatethat,onaverage,eachpersonontheearthneedsaminimumof1,000cubicmeters（m3）ofwater.Theminimumwatereachpersonrequiresfordrinking,hygieneandgrowingfood.ThevolumeisequivalenttotwofifthsofanOlympic-sizeswimmingpool.
F
MuchoftheAmericasandnorthernEurasiaenjoyabundantwatersupplies.Butseveralregionsarebesetbygreaterorlesserdegreesof"physical"scarcity—wherebydemandexceedslocalavailability.Otherareas,amongthemCentralAfrica,partsoftheIndiansubcontinentandSoutheastAsia,contendwith"economic"waterscarcity,wherelackoftechnicaltraining,badgovernmentsorweakfinanceslimitaccesseventhoughsufficientsuppliesareavailable.
G
Morethanhalfoftheprecipitationthatfallsonlandisneveravailableforcaptureorstoragebecauseitevaporatesfromthegroundortranspiresfromplants;thisfractioniscalledgreenwater.Theremainderchannelsintoso-calledblue-watersources—rivers,lakes,wetlandsandaquifers—thatpeoplecantapdirectly.Farmirrigationfromthesefree-flowingbodiesisthebiggestsinglehumanuseoffreshwater.Citiesandindustriesconsumeonlytinyamountsoftotalfreshwaterresources,buttheintenselocaldemandtheycreateoftendrainsthesurroundingsofreadysupplies.
H
LotsofWater,butnotalwayswhereitisneededonehundredandtenthousandcubickilometersofprecipitation,nearly10timesthevolumeofLakeSuperior,fallsfromtheskyontotheearthslandsurfaceeveryyear.Thishugequantitywouldbeenoughtoeasilyfulfilltherequirementsofeveryoneontheplanetifthewaterarrivedwhereandwhenpeopleneededit.Butmuchofitcannotbecaptured（top）,andtherestisdistributedunevenly（bottom）.Greenwater（61.1%oftotalprecipitation.:
absorbedbysoilandplants,thenreleasedbackintotheair;unavailableforwithdrawal.Bluewater（38.8%oftotalprecipitation.:
collectedinrivers,lakes,wetlandsandgroundwater;availableforwithdrawalbeforeitevaporatesorreachestheocean.Thesefiguresmaynotaddupto100%becauseofrounding.Only1.5%isdirectlyusedbypeople.
I
Watersrunawayintremendouswildfiresinrecentyears.Theeconomicactorshadalltakentheirsharereasonablyenough;theyjustdidnotconsidertheneedsofthenaturalenvironment,whichsufferedgreatlywhenitsinadequatesupplywasreducedtocriticallevelsbydrought.ThemembersoftheMurray-DarlingBasinCommissionarenowfranticallytryingtoextricatethemselvesfromthedisastrousresultsoftheirmisallocationofthetotalwaterresource.Giventhedifficultiesofsensiblyapportioningthewatersupplywithinasinglenation,imaginethecomplexitiesofdoingsoforinternationalriverbasinssuchasthatoftheJordanRiver,whichbordersonLebanon,Syria,Israel,thePalestinianareasandJordan,allofwhichhaveclaimstotheshared,butlimited,supplyinanextremelyparchedregion.Thestruggleforfreshwaterhascontributedtocivilandmilitarydisputesinthearea.Onlycontinuingnegotiationsandcompromisehavekeptthistensesituationundercontrol.
Questions1-5
DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage1?
Inboxes1-5onyouranswersheet,write
TRUEifthestatementistrue
FALSEifthestatementisfalse
NOTGIVENiftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage
1.Theprospectfortheneedforthefreshwaterworldwideisobscure.
2.Tosomeextent,thechallengeforthefreshwaterisalleviatedbythecommonrecognition.
3.Researchersarriveatthewatercrisisbasedonpersuasiveconsiderationofseveralfactors.
4.Thefactthatpeopledonotactuallycherishtheusageofwateralsocontributestothewaterscarcity.
5.Controversycantbeavoidedforadjacentnationsoverthewaterresource.
Questions6-10
ThereadingPassagehaselevenparagraphsA-I
Whichparagraphcontainsthefollowinginformation?
WritethecorrectletterA-I,inboxes6-10onyouranswersheet
NByoumayuseanylettermorethanonce
6.theunevendistributionofwateraroundtheworld
7.otherfactorsregardingnaturebotheringpeoplewhomakethepolicies
8.jointeffortsneededtocarryoutthedetailedsolutionscombinedwithvariousaspects
9.noalways-in-timematchavailablebetweentherequirementsandtheactualrainfall
10.thelowerlimitoftheamountoffreshwaterforapersontosurvive
Questions11-13
Summary
CompletethefollowingsummaryoftheparagraphsofReadingPassage,usingNoMorethanThreewordsfromtheReadingPassageforeachanswer.Writeyouranswersinboxes11-13onyouranswersheet.
Manysevereproblemslikestarvationandmilitaryactionsetc.resultfromtheshortageofwaterwhichsometimesforsomeareasseems11becauseofunavailabilitybutotherregionssufferotherkindofscarcityforinsufficientsupport.12oftherainfallcantbeachievedbecauseofevaporation.Someotherpartsformthe13whichcanbeusedimmediately.Watertoirrigatethefarmlandtakesaconsiderableamountalongwiththeuseforcitiesandindustriesandtheextendedneedfromthepeopleinvolved.
*题目：
Crisis!
FreshWater
篇章结构：
体裁：
论说文
主题：
淡水资源紧缺
结构：
A段：
提出问题，点明淡水资源供小于求的情况
B段：
数据预测未来缺水情形
C段：
导致缺水预期普遍化的几个因素
D段：
保护水资源需要采取的行动
E段：
了解水资源问题1首先要了解个人淡水需求量
Ｆ段：
了解水资源问题2其次要了解世界不同地方阻碍淡水供应因素（如：
物理缺水，经济缺水等，即缺水类型）
G段：
了解水资源问题3可利用降水量少，本地需求大
H段：
3降水量时空分布不均，可利用降水占比少
Ｉ段：
合理分配水资源的困难
试题解析：
Questions1-5:
l题目类型：
True/Fal
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