美国研究生组织行为学课件9-团队合作.ppt

美国研究生组织行为学课件9-团队合作.ppt

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Ch.9&10:

GroupandTeamSharingyourexperienceThinkaboutthegroupexperienceyoueverhad,anddiscussthefollowingquestions:

1.Discussthegroupevent,2.Whatisthemostinterestingpartofthisgroupexperience?

3.Whatisthemostdifficultpartofgroupexperience?

9-1DefiningGroupsGroup:

Twoormoreindividualsinteractingandinterdependent,togethertoachieveobjectivesFormalGroup:

Structurewithdesignatedworkassignments/tasksInformalGroup:

Neitherformallystructurednororganizationallydetermined9-2Whygroupdecision?

GroupStrengths:

MorecompleteinformationDiverseviewsandgreatercreativityIncreasedacceptanceofdecisionsGroupWeaknesses:

Time-consumingConformitypressuresAsituationofambiguousresponsibility9-3FiveStagesofGroupDevelopmentModel9-4GroupPropertiesGroupPerformanceNormsStatusSizeCohesivenessRoles9-5GroupProperty1:

RolesRoleAsetofexpectedbehaviorpatternsRoleIdentityCertainattitudesandbehaviorsconsistentwitharole9-6GroupProperty2:

NormsNormsSharedacceptablestandardsofbehaviorClassesofNormsPerformancenormsAppearancenormsSocialarrangementnormsAllocationnorms.9-7GroupProperty3:

StatusPowerapersonhasoverothersAbilitytocontributetogroupgoalsPersonalcharacteristics9-8GroupProperty4:

SizeGroupsizeaffectsbehaviorSize:

Twelveormoremembersisa“large”groupSevenorfewerisa“small”group9-9IssueswithGroupSizeSocialLoafing“Freeride”（howtoreducethis?

）9-10GroupProperty5:

CohesivenessWaystoincreasecohesiveness:

SmallergroupMoretimetogether.Stimulatecompetitionwithothergroups.Group-basedrewards9-11EXHIBIT9-7Videohttp:

/ThinkConformitydetercriticallyappraisingunusual,minority,orunpopularviewsHindersperformance9-13ReducingGroupthinkMinimizeGroupthinkby:

Reducethesizeofthegroupto10orlessEncouragegroupleaderstobeimpartialAppointa“devilsadvocate”Useexercisesondiversity9-14TurningIndividualsintoTeamPlayersSelectionMaketeamskillsoneoftheinterpersonalskillsinthehiring.TrainingIndividualisticpeoplecanlearnRewardsRewardsystemtoencouragecooperativeefforts.Recognizeindividualcontributions.10-15VirtualTeamVirtualTeamsUsecomputertechnologytotietogetherphysicallydispersedmembers.CharacteristicsLimitedsocializingOvercometimeandspaceconstraintsTobeeffective,needs:

TrustamongmembersClosemonitoring10-16CreatingEffectiveTeams:

ContextAdequateResourcesEffectiveLeadershipandStructureClimateofTrustTeam-basedPerformanceandRewardsSystems10-17CreatingEffectiveTeams:

CompositionRightabilitiesRightPersonalityRightRolesandDiversityRightSizeofTeamThesmallerthebetter:

5to9isoptimal10-18GroupexerciseP.304:

WildernesssurvivalCaseincident1:

Toyotasteamculture（p.334）.10-19